【揽瓜阁4.0】+“vinago”打卡贴

vinago

Day 9
Using satellites to spot industry’s methane leaks: To help combat climate change
阅读时间：6’01
总结时间：20’
总时间: 30’

文章中心大意
The author tries to explain that the extent of leaks is very significant and satellites can play an important role in spotting leaks of greenhouses gases.
每段段落大意
1, The methane leak in Turkmenistan in January 2019 indicates two things: that satellites can play an important role in spotting leaks of greenhouse gases and that the extent of such leaks is often greatly underestimated
The passage then goes on to illustrate the two points.
2,(concern 对应 rather worryingly) First, the author explains the reason why he believes that the extent of such leaks is beyond estimation. In terms of the property of methane, it contributes more to global warming than carbon dioxides. On the other hand, data reveals that the three leaks would have released far more tonnes of methane than the blowout occurred in California in 2015, which is reckoned to have been the worst natural-gas leak yet recorded in America. Moreover, there have been other big leaks.
3, After that, the author describes how satellites work in the leak incidents. And the author argues that satellites will do a lot help in reducing methane emissions.

印象深刻的句子
When scanning for emissions from a mud volcano in western Turkmenistan in January 2019, a satellite called Claire came across a large plume of methane drifting across the landscape
生词：
Plume:一团
Potent：powerful
Affiliate：n, 分会，附属机构 v,隶属于
Spectroscopically: 分光的
Burnish: improve one’s image

Radiocarbon Dating by accelerator MassSpectrometry
阅读时间：6’20
总结时间：20’
总时间: 27’

文章中心大意
The conventional radiocarbon dating can mapped out the past 30,000 years in areas where organic preservation has been favorable=> But the accuracy of this method declines as the objects’ age increased.=> however accelerator mass spectrometry can address this problem => then the whole passage goes on to explain the the conventional radiocarbon dating and describes the advantages of the accuracy accelerator mass spectrometry
每段段落大意
1, Main point: the defect of the conventional radiocarbon dating , accelerator mass spectrometry can broaden the threshold
2, why convention radiocarbon might get a wrong result. The result of Conventional radiocarbon dating is impacted by the size of the specimen and the ambient background radiation.
3, The advantages of the accuracy accelerator mass spectrometry. It does not impacted by the sample size or background radiation. Furthermore, it may also prove to be invaluable in establishing an authoritative chronology of Neanderthal man.
印象深刻的句子
One controversy of long standing on which the new dating technique has already had a major impact concerns the  first human migrations to the New World.

Although it is too early to be sure, dating by accelerator mass spectrometry may reveal that the Upper Paleolithic and  the period preceding it, the Middle Paleolithic, were unduly compressed by  the limitations of conventional dating  methods

生词：
Radiocarbon:放射碳 radiocarbon is a type of carbon which is radioactive
Charcoal：木炭
Skew 扭曲
Ambient: 周围的，环绕的

vinago

Day 10
The eyes have it : A new book reveals the excessive attention paid to how executives look
阅读时间：4’42
总结时间：25’
总时间: 30’

文章中心大意
People tend to assess others by physical characteristics and visual status signals. People with certain physical characteristics are more likely to be promoted and recruited. The author believe that artificial intelligence can be introduced to make hiring and promotion decisions to offset subjective opinions.
每段段落大意
1, when picture the typical chief executive , people tend to think of those who are male, in a suit and distinguished looking.
2, Two psychologists did some research and they found that people tend to respond gently to visual status signals.
3,One possibility is and evolved respect for those with a higher social position.
4,In workplace, people with a certain type of appearance are more likely to get promoted than others. Physical charateristics are not only affect the possibility of promotion but also affect recruitment.
5，However, there are some differences in kind of personalities that boards tend to favour.
6, the author think that peple’s assessments of others are subjective and thus it is necessary to introduce artificial intelligence in hiring and promotion dicesions.
印象深刻的句子
The chances are that (很可能) you have thought of someone male, in a suit and distinguished looking.
But it seems more probable that people with a certain type of appearance are likely to get promoted than it is to believe they are innately more competent than everyone else.

生词：
Defy:违抗，不服从
Disentangle： 理顺，分清
Egotistical：自大的，自负的
Defer to 顺从
Intrigue: interesting 有趣的
Astry: 做错误的决定 lead astry

Is Hospital Competition Wasteful?
阅读时间：5’21
总结时间：20’
总时间: 26’

文章中心大意
The competition among hospitals is wasteful, this phenomenon is referred as the MAR. The author explains the disadvantage of hospital competition and how MAR played a role in the antitrust decisions.

每段段落大意
1，        Local hospital competition takes the form of costly duplication of specialized services—the “medical arms race”. However, the author does not support the the importance of competition.
2, There are a lot of disadvantages of competition among hospitals.
3,The idea that competition among hospitals is bad is embraced by both the academic and the media. Moreover the MAR hypothesis is important in recent hospital antitrust decisions.
印象深刻的句子
It is frequently asserted that consumers do not benefit from competition among hospitals.
This argument is of more than academic import.

生词：
Commensurate: 相当的，相称的
Colloquially: 用白话
Salutary：有益的

PS, 第二篇感觉是节选，不是很明白写作意图，感觉是说hospital competition wasteful但是又感觉是说他们通过强调研究the extent of the market来分析MAR