【揽瓜阁4.0】吃饭睡觉做咸鱼 打卡记录

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

【揽瓜阁4.0】打卡记录 1.18 开始

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

1

中心大意：

拼多多以严重加班的企业文化文明，并且其薪资高于阿里巴巴和腾讯，超负荷的工作也成功推动力企业的快速发展。

但是在今年一位20出头的员工猝死，引发了拼多多的公关危机，拼多多在知乎上回答“你们看看底层的人民，哪一个不是用命换钱……这是一个用命拼的时代。”引起广大讨论，后拼多多称该回复系谣言，但是被知乎打脸，不得不改口称由于员工切换错账号回复。

之后拼多多拒绝了进一步的回应。

段落大意：

拼多多面临一场公关危机，由于员工猝死导致的一场关于996的讨论。

虽然在2019年有一场反对996的运动，但是并没能改变现状，拼多多也以超长时间的工作成功拉动力公司成长，在员工猝死之后，拼多多通过知乎官方账号发布了一条“底层人民拿命换钱”的言论，引起网友愤怒，知乎平台回应确认是拼多多的官方账号，此后，拼多多推称是员工误操作。

拼多多总部所在地上海市长宁区的劳动保障监察部门已介入调查该公司的劳动用工情况。

拼多多表示，该公司对霏的离世感到“心如刀绞”，也对她的家人致以深切哀悼。该公司没有进一步对此事进行回应。

摘抄：

1. China’s fastest-growing ecommerce group Pinduoduo is facing a growing public relations crisis and an investigation into its working conditions after one of its employees died after collapsing on her way home from work.

2. The sector’s exhausting working weeks have come under fire in the past, with an “anti-996” campaign gaining steam in 2019 among tech workers and activists. But the effort largely failed to change workplace norms.

3. The employee’s death and Pinduoduo’s response were among the top five trending topics on Weibo on Monday. “Work one worker to death, find another worker to take the fall,” commented a user on the Twitter-like platform.

生词：

boycott

verb： to refuse to buy, use or take part in sth as a way of protesting

• 拒绝购买(或使用、参加)；抵制:

noun: ~ (of / on sth) an act of boycotting sb / sth

• (对某事物的)抵制:

backtrack

verb [V]
1. to go back along the same route that you have just come along
• 原路返回；折回；折返
2. to change an earlier statement, opinion or promise because of pressure from sb / sth
• (屈于压力而)改变声明(或主张),出尔反尔；退缩

[size=13.3333px][size=13.3333px]

时间：8min/25min/33min

2

中心大意

达拉斯联邦储备银行的研究人员发现，一组美国人在16年内的收入差距有所改善。但是，在仔细研究了Cox-Alm研究之后，其他研究人员认为，该研究对Cox和Alm试图衡量的收入不平等给出了误导性答案。

段落大意

1：根据达拉斯联邦储备银行的两名研究人员发现，努力赚钱的人，在多年后财富排名会有上升。

2：这项研究引起了巨大波澜，在一定程度上激励了年轻人和处于不利情况的人。

3：但是，仔细分析其中研究的方法，Peter Gottschalk表示这篇文章提出了误导性的结论。

4：Cox-Alm研究成员的流动性，得出的结论是，在1975年排名倒数第五的人群中，有95％1991年的收入足以使该排名跃升。但是这些人可能并不是真正贫困的人群，可能是兼职员工，例如有课余工作的学生。

5：Gottschalk先生认为，从Cox-Alm研究得出的结论是具有误导性，因为研究人员将实际经济流动性的影响与收入混合在一起与积累工作经验有关的收益。

6：耶鲁大学研究人员进行的一项研究显示，四年内平均家庭收入将不平等现象减少了约四分之一。

摘抄

1. "Maybe it would make sense to spend less time splitting hairs over what's happened -- and more trying to figure out what can be done for the losers," Mr. Ooms concludes.

2. We have long known that mobility partially offsets the impact of inequality," says Van Doorn Ooms, director of research at the Committee for Economic Development. "It's still unclear by how much."

生词

fuss

noun

unnecessary excitement, worry or activity

无谓的激动(或忧虑、活动)；大惊小怪

endorsement
noun

a public statement or action showing that you support sb / sth
(公开的)赞同,支持,认可

plight / plait /

noun [sing.] a difficult and sad situation
苦难；困境；苦境:

时间：15min/20min/35min

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

第 1 篇：
文章大意：
黑色的意义和描述在艺术领域有着不用的用途和发展。

段落大意：
1：法国前总理乔治·克列孟梭前来参加莫奈的葬礼，认为灵柩上的黑布不适合莫奈
2：大部分颜色对不同的人都有不同的含义。但是，黑色的象征意义却是共通的：巫术、阴间、夜晚和月背。
3：物理学家认为黑色是由于没有光线，但是很多艺术家并不这么认为
4：印裔英国艺术家安尼什·卡普尔对黑色做了最新的探索
5：研究人员发现，在古代用黑色在白色背景上书写最为清晰，但是人们并不知道黑色是什么样子的
6：多个艺术家认为黑色能使其他色彩更加鲜明生动
7：举例子说明上一段的论点
8：莫奈和一些印象派画家完全摒弃了黑色
9：运用黑色能创造一种全新的绘画语言
10：《黑色方块》标志着现代艺术的转折点
11：关于“超级黑”的描述
12：艺术家发现可以用绘画来立体地描绘物体。“超级黑”的出现似乎将物体完全抹除了。


摘抄：
1. Most colours represent different things for different people.
2. It is bound up with witchcraft, the underworld, night-time and the far side of the Moon.
3. For the viewer, as for the artist, these works are another step in the quest for the meaning of black.

生词：

pan∙theon

noun

1. (technical 术语) all the gods of a nation or people

• (一国或一个民族信仰的)众神,诸神:

»the ancient Egyptian pantheon

  古埃及众神

2. (formal) a group of people who are famous within a particular area of activity

• (统称某一领域的)名人,名流

en∙liven

verb [VN]

• (formal) to make sth more interesting or more fun

• 使更有生气(或活力)

con∙vex

adj.

• (of an outline or a surface 外形或表面) curving out

• 凸出的；凸面的:

»a convex lens / mirror

  凸透镜；凸镜

时间：15/20/35

第 2 篇：
文章大意：
法律对女性的生活是主要的决定因素之一，不同的法系使女性获得的权益不同。

段落大意：
1：法律是美国殖民时期女性经历的主要决定因素之一。但是，确定妇女生活界限的具体法律和文化规则在不同地区之间有所不同。妇女从民法体系中获得了她们在普通法下无法享有的切实利益。
2：新墨西哥州很好地说明了西班牙法律对殖民地妇女的影响，而纽约州则提供了一个更为复杂的例子，即民法体系（荷兰语）取代了普通法（英语）制度。
3：妇女在结婚之后也可以管理自己的财产。

摘抄：
1、Women throughout the colonies lived in patriarchal social systems that limited their autonomy and power.
2、Nevertheless, a comparison of women’s lives under two different colonial legal regimes shows that women gained tangible benefits from civil law systems that they did not enjoy under common law.

生词：

en∙coun∙ter

verb [VN]

1. to experience sth, especially sth unpleasant or difficult, while you are trying to do sth else

• 遭遇,遇到(尤指令人不快或困难的事)

»We encountered a number of difficulties in the first week.

  我们在第一周遇到了很多困难。

»I had never encountered such resistance before.

  我以前从未遇到过这么大的阻力。

2. (formal) to meet sb, or discover or experience sth, especially sb / sth new, unusual or unexpected

• 偶然碰到；意外地遇见；与…邂逅

»She was the most remarkable woman he had ever encountered.

  她是他所见到过的最出色的女性。

tangible benefits  显著实惠，有形利益

The plan brought few tangible benefits to the poor.

这个计划没有给穷人带来多少实际好处。

时间：5/15/20

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

day 3
1
文章大意
量子计算开始初步产生商业价值，早期投资者开始进入市场。

段落大意
1、量子计算的发展
2、量子计算开始产生商业价值
3、量子计算对各个学科都有着非凡的意义
4、政府可以承担发展量子计算的风险
5、早期工作由大企业完成
6、超早期投资者会很有效率利用资源，政府投资也该如此，但是有时投资高失败的项目也有意义
7、创新要注意“伟人”局限性，量子计算也离不开其他领域的技术发展
8、基础工作是第一位

摘抄
1、It is hard to choose one moment as marking the birth of a technology.
2、None of that is to deny the importance of the people who run the last few miles, taking nascent technologies and trying to spin out profitable businesses. But those who want to see more of that success should keep in mind that a great deal of less celebrated, less glamorous work must come first.  

生词

simulate

verb [VN]

to create particular conditions that exist in real life using computers, models, etc., usually for study or training purposes

• (用计算机或模型等)模拟

frenzy

noun [C, usually sing., U]

• (pl. -ies) ~ (of sth) a state of great activity and strong emotion that is often violent or frightening and not under control

• 疯狂；狂乱；狂暴:

»in a frenzy of activity / excitement / violence

  疯狂的活动/兴奋/暴力

ruth∙less

adj.

• (disapproving) (of people or their behaviour 人或其行为) hard and cruel; determined to get what you want and not caring if you hurt other people

• 残酷无情的；残忍的:

»a ruthless dictator

  残酷无情的独裁者

nascent

adj.

• (formal)beginning to exist; not yet fully developed

• 新生的；萌芽的；未成熟的

时间：6/16/22

2
文章大意
全球变暖造成的淡水效应可能会引起一系列变化，甚至是冰川时代。

段落大意
1、北极冰川正在融化
2、淡水趋势
3、这种趋势可能会通过破坏墨西哥湾流水域的北部渗透而引起一些冰河时期
4、海洋学家称其为热盐环流的过程将热量释放给空气后，现在变冷的水变得更稠密
5、现在正处于一个过度点

摘抄
1、The freshwater trend is major news in ocean-science circles.
2、The trend could cause a little ice age by subverting the northern penetration of Gulf Stream waters.

生词

clutter

verb [VN]

• ~ sth (up) (with sth / sb) to fill a place with too many things, so that it is untidy

• 凌乱地塞满；乱堆放:

»Don't clutter the page with too many diagrams.

  别用太多的图表来堆砌版面。

culprit

noun

1. a person who has done sth wrong or against the law

• 犯错的人；罪犯:

»The police quickly identified the real culprits.

  警方很快查出了真正的罪犯。

2. a person or thing responsible for causing a problem

• 肇事者；引起问题的事物:

»The main culprit in the current crisis seems to be modern farming techniques.

  当前这场危机的罪魁祸首好像是现代农业技术。

veer

verb [V +adv. / prep.]

1. (especially of a vehicle 尤指车辆等) to change direction suddenly

• 突然变向；猛然转向

»The bus veered onto the wrong side of the road.

  公共汽车突然驶入了逆行道。

2. (of a conversation or way of behaving or thinking 说话、行为或思想) to change in the way it develops

• 偏离；改变；转变:

»The debate veered away from the main topic of discussion.

  争论脱离了讨论的主题。

»His emotions veered between fear and anger.

  他的情绪变化不定,一会儿恐惧一会儿生气。

3. (technical 术语) (of the wind 风) to change direction

• 改变方向:

»The wind veered to the west.

  风向转西。

时间 10/20/30

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

Day 4
第一篇15/20/35

文章大意
关于代孕的讨论，涉及到两个立场，以及相关公关政策的问题。

段落大意
1-2 引出代孕的话题，提到关于代孕的两个方面，利他主义和剥削
2 指出辩论的性质
4 法律委员会开始审查现有代孕法律，以求更大程度上考虑代孕母亲的权利
5 代孕母亲和预定父母存在着明显的权力失衡
6 存在一些例外情况，但不是多数
7 怀孕存在风险
8 进一步阐述怀孕对代孕母亲的损害
9 荷尔蒙可能会引起产后抑郁
10 代孕妈妈可能会受到强迫，尊严和身体自治权会受到预定父母的影响
11 公众对代孕的讨论要包括最广泛的观点，其中包括一些负面的


摘抄

1、Surrogacy is a polarising issue.

2、We at Maternity Action, along with a number of feminist organisations, submitted responses expressing our concerns about law reform in this area.

3、Given the current policy climate and controversy around surrogacy, it’s crucial that public discussion of this issue includes the fullest range of perspectives.

生词

altruism

noun [U]

• (formal) the fact of caring about the needs and happiness of other people more than your own

• 利他主义；利他；无私

♦ al∙tru∙is∙tic / 7Altru5istik / adj.:

»altruistic behaviour

  利他行为

inherent

adj.

• ~ (in sb / sth) that is a basic or permanent part of sb / sth and that cannot be removed

• 固有的；内在的

exploitative

adj.

• treating sb unfairly in order to gain an advantage or to make money

• 剥削的；榨取的

womb

noun

• the organ in women and female animals in which babies develop before they are born

• 子宫

surrogate

adj.

(formal)

• used to describe a person or thing that takes the place of, or is used instead of, sb / sth else

• 替代的；代用的:

»She saw him as a sort of surrogate father.

  在她心目中,他彷佛是能替代父亲角色的人。

substantially

adv.

1. very much; a lot

• 非常；大大地

【SYN】 considerably :

»The costs have increased substantially.

  成本大大提高了。

»The plane was substantially damaged in the crash.

  失事飞机损坏严重。

2. (formal) mainly; in most details, even if not completely

• 基本上；大体上；总的来说:

»What she says is substantially true.

  她的话大体符合事实。

perinatal

adj.

• (technical 术语) at or around the time of birth

• 临产的；围产期的:

»perinatal care

  围产期护理

»perinatal mortality

  围产期死亡率

scenario

noun (pl. -os)

1. a description of how things might happen in the future

• 设想；方案；预测:

»Let me suggest a possible scenario.

  我来设想一种可能出现的情况。

»The worst-case scenario (= the worst possible thing that could happen) would be for the factory to be closed down.

  最坏的情况可能是工厂关闭。

»a nightmare scenario

  最坏的可能

foetal (BrE) (also fetal NAmE, BrE)

adj. [only before noun]

• connected with a foetus ; typical of a foetus

• 胎儿的；胎的:

»foetal abnormalities

  胎儿异常

»She lay curled up in a foetal position.

  她像胎儿一样蜷曲地躺着。

第二篇
25/20/45
[size=17.3333px]
文章大意
西班牙水权

段落大意
1 Mission Inn是一家豪华酒店，是一个华丽的世纪之交的西班牙建筑幻想
2 根据西班牙法律发展了详尽的水权理论，关于公共水系
3 西班牙西南部地区普遍使用公共水系。基于这一历史证据，美国时期的许多西方水法学者批评了19世纪和20世纪的州法院扭曲了西班牙传统。


摘抄
1、In contrast to the common law water regime of riparian and prior appropriation rights emphasizing individual property interests, a communal water system prevailed in the Hispanic Southwest.
2、None of these scholars has examined the contemporary background of the key nineteenth- and early twentieth century cases to evaluate the context of these decisions, and none has researched court files to determine the extent to which judges knowingly misused Hispanic law.


生词

promotional

adj.

• connected with advertising

• 广告宣传的；推销的:

»promotional material

  广告宣传资料

monopoly  

noun (pl. -ies)

1. ~ (in / of / on sth) (business 商) the complete control of trade in particular goods or the supply of a particular service; a type of goods or a service that is controlled in this way

• 垄断；专营服务；被垄断的商品(或服务):

regime

noun

1. a method or system of government, especially six that has not been elected in a fair way

• (尤指未通过公正选举的)统治方式,统治制度,政权,政体:

»a fascist / totalitarian / military, etc. regime

riparian
adj. [usually before noun]

1. (technical 术语) growing in, living in, or relating to areas of wet land near to a river or stream

• 生长(或栖息)在河边湿地的；河边的

2. (law 律) on, near or relating to the bank of a river

• 堤岸(上)的；堤岸近处

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

Day 5
第一篇
文章大意
疫情促进了本土DJ进入夜店

段落大意
1 引出夜店
2 疫情对夜店市场的影响
3 疫情带来的的变化之一就是给本土DJ一个展现的机会
4 疫情加速了夜店文化在中国的传播
5 一些人有着不用的观点

摘抄
1、A second effect of the pandemic has been to help speed up the spread of China’s club culture beyond its traditional bases in Beijing, Shanghai and the south-western city of Chengdu.
2、The pandemic posed an enormous threat to China’s fragile club scene. Nightspots in Beijing were forced to shut in January.


生词

bouncer

noun

1. a person employed to stand at the entrance to a club, pub, etc. to stop people who are not wanted from going in, and to throw out people who are causing trouble inside

• (俱乐部、酒店等的)门卫

slot

noun

1. a long narrow opening, into which you put or fit sth

• (投放或插入东西的)窄缝,扁口:

»to put some coins in the slot

  往投币口中塞几个硬币

2. a position, a time or an opportunity for sb / sth, for example in a list, a programme of events or a series of broadcasts

• (名单、日程安排或广播节目表中的)位置,时间,机会:

»He has a regular slot on the late-night programme.

  他在深夜节目中有一档固定栏目。

exposure

noun

1. to danger 受危害, [U] when someone is in a situation where they are not protected from something dangerous or unpleasant

• 暴露:

▪ [+ to ]

»Prolonged exposure to the sun can cause skin cancer.

  长时间晒太阳会导致皮肤癌。

时间 15

第二篇
文章大意
种族关系在社会中的研究以及对社会发展的影响

段落大意
1 提出种族关系在社会关系中的作用和影响
2 种族关系不是阶级关系的功能
3 各个不同阶段的种族关系发展

摘抄
1、Ironically, it was the perception of a threat to rigidity that  provoked the construction of a legal edifice to enforce an already familiar definition ofplace.
2、Their successors accepted Jim Crow and subordination as inevitable, but not as either natural or legitimate.

生词

ironically

adv

1. [sentence adverb] used when talking about a situation in which the opposite of what you expected happens or is true

• 具有讽刺意味的是; 出乎意料的是; 让人哭笑不得的是:

»Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of his holiday.

  具有讽刺意味的是，他的感冒竟在假期的最后一天好些了。

2. in a way that shows you really mean the opposite of what you are saying

• 反讽地，讽刺地:

»'Oh, no problem!' said Terry, ironically.

  “啊，没问题！”特里挖苦道。

edi∙fice

noun

• (formal)a large impressive building

• 大厦；宏伟建筑:

»an imposing edifice

  一座宏伟的建筑

supremacy

noun [U]

• ~ (over sb / sth) a position in which you have more power, authority or status than anyone else

• 至高无上；最大权力；最高权威；最高地位:

»the battle for supremacy in the region

  争夺地区霸权的较量

»the dangerous notion of white supremacy (= that white races are better than others and should control them)

  危险的白人至上观念

pervasive

adj.

• existing in all parts of a place or thing; spreading gradually to affect all parts of a place or thing

• 遍布的；充斥各处的；弥漫的:

continuity

noun (pl. -ies)

1. [U] the fact of not stopping or not changing

• 连续性；持续性:

»to ensure / provide / maintain continuity of fuel supplies

  确保/提供/保持燃料供给的连续性

【OPP】 discontinuity

2. [U, C] a logical connection between the parts of sth, or between ten things

• (逻辑上的)连接,联结:

»The novel fails to achieve narrative continuity.

  这部小说叙述不连贯。

blurred

adj.

1. not clear; without a clear outline or shape

• 模糊不清的:

»She suffered from dizziness and blurred vision.

  她饱受头晕目眩之苦。

»a blurred image / picture

  模糊的形象/照片

2. difficult to remember clearly

• 记不清的:

»blurred memories

  模糊的记忆

3. difficult to distinguish, so that differences are not clear

• 难以区分的；模棱两可的:

»blurred distinctions / boundaries

  含混不清的区别/界线

emblematic  

adj. (formal) ~ (of sth)

1. that represents or is a symbol of sth

• 标志的；象征(性)的

【SYN】 representative

2. that is considered typical of a situation, an area of work, etc.

• 特有的；典型的；有代表性的

【SYN】 typical :

»The violence is emblematic of what is happening in our inner cities.

  这种暴力行为正标示了我们市中心贫民区的状况。

时间 30

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

Day 6
第一篇
文章大意
几个关于恐龙灭绝的原因探究

段落大意
1 提出恐龙灭绝，提出陨石撞击说
2 少数反对意见人，提出了火山爆发说
3 耶鲁大学的研究表示火山喷发不是主要原因，而是小行星撞击
4 赫尔博士通过多种方式记录温度
5 通过温度变化的研究，Deccan认为恐龙灭绝是小行星造成的

摘抄
1、It therefore seems unlikely that the Deccan Traps were responsible for the extinction. Rather, it was the asteroid wot done it.

2、It therefore seems unlikely that the Deccan Traps were responsible for the extinction. Rather, it was the asteroid wot done it.

3、The effects of the giant waves created by the impact can be seen in places like Hell’s Creek, near Bowman, North Dakota, where marine creatures were swept far inland.

生词

collision

noun [C, U] ~ (with sb / sth) | ~ (between / of A and B)

1. an accident in which ten vehicles or people crash into each other

• 碰撞(或相撞)事故:

»a collision between ten trains

  两列火车相撞事故

sus∙pend

verb [VN]

to officially stop sth for a time; to prevent sth from being active, used, etc. for a time

• 暂停；中止；使暂停发挥作用(或使用等)

toxic

adj.

• containing poison; poisonous

• 有毒的；引起中毒的:

»toxic chemicals / fumes / gases / substances

  有毒的化学品/烟雾/气体/物质

mollusc (BrE) (US mollusk)

noun

• (technical 术语) any creature with a soft body that is not divided into different sections, and usually a hard outer shell. Snails and slugs are molluscs.

• 软体动物

nasty

adj. (nastier, nastiest)

1. very bad or unpleasant

• 极差的；令人厌恶的；令人不悦的:

»a nasty accident

  严重事故

asteroid

noun

• any one of the many small planets which go around the sun

• 小行星

blotting paper n. 吸墨纸

foraminifera n. 有孔虫类

时间 20

第二篇
文章大意
暗物质的研究

段落大意

1 宇宙中只有X%左右的质量是可见的，剩下的科学家称作暗物质

2 暗物质发现的一些实验 或者 一种测量的方法 跟hot 和 cold 有关

3 讲述neutralino微中子和neutrino种子 讲述了很多微中子应该是不可以分裂的 不然就不稳定了 最后的得出结论，暗物质是稳定的

4 主要讲neutronilo的

摘抄

1、Nor can more than a small fraction of the dark matter be neutrinos, a lightweight breed of particle that zips through space and is unattached to any atom.

2、The best fit to the astronomical observations involves “cold” dark matter, a term that refers to some undiscovered particle that, when it formed, moved sluggishly.

生词

proton  

noun

• (physics 物) a very small piece of matter (= a substance) with a positive electric charge that forms part of the nucleus (= central part) of an atom

• 质子

synthesis

noun (pl. syntheses / -si:z / )

1. [U, C] ~ (of sth) the act of combining separate ideas, beliefs, styles, etc.; a mixture or combination of ideas, beliefs, styles, etc.

• 综合；结合；综合体:

sluggish

adj.

• moving, reacting or working more slowly than normal and in a way that seems lazy

• 缓慢的；迟缓的；懒洋洋的:

»sluggish traffic

  缓缓移动的车流

»a sluggish economy

  经济停滞

时间 35

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

Day 7
第一篇
文章大意
痴呆症患病率上升是全球性的紧急情况：它需要更多的研究、更好的长期护理以及改变个人行为



段落大意
1 引出痴呆症以及它带来的影响
2 介绍痴呆症，说明分布
3 痴呆症患者剧增给全世界带来的问题，他们面临缺乏照顾的问题
4 少吸烟、多运动和中年减肥等能降低老年人患病风险
5 政府英国采取行动
6 痴呆症的长期护理，谁来支付费用
7 谁来提供护理服务
8 痴呆症可以通过改变早期行为推迟或避免，但如何解决还需要努力

摘抄

But the risk of dementia still seems to be rising in much of the world and any new therapy in the foreseeable future is likely to benefit only some patients partially.

And as the pandemic hampers or prevents clinical trials and research, and sucks resources away from other areas, dementia risks again being left behind.

And an even more fundamental question than who pays for care is: who will do it? Undertaken with humanity and dignity, it is extremely labour-intensive.

生词

dementia

noun [U]

• (medical 医) a serious mental disorder caused by brain disease or injury, that affects the ability to think, remember and behave normally

• 痴呆；精神错乱

demographic

noun

1. demographics, [pl.] information about a group such as the people who live in a particular area

• 人口统计数据，人口统计资料:

»the demographics of a newspaper's readership

  一份报纸读者的统计数据

2. [C] a part of the population that is considered as a group, especially by advertisers who want to sell things to that group

• 群体，人群〔尤指广告商推销对象〕:

»the 21-40 demographic

  21 至 40 岁的群体

♦demographic adj:

»demographic change

  人口统计数据变化

cognitive

adj. [usually before noun]

• connected with mental processes of understanding

• 认知的；感知的；认识的:

»a child's cognitive development

  儿童的认知发展

»cognitive psychology

  认知心理学

foreseeable

adj.

• that you can predict will happen; that can be foreseen

• 可预料的；可预见的；可预知的:

»foreseeable risks / consequences

  可预料的危险/后果

【OPP】 unforeseeable

【IDIOMS】

◘ for / in the foreseeable 'future

• for / in the period of time when you can predict what is going to happen, based on the present circumstances

• (在)可预见的将来:

»The statue will remain in the museum for the foreseeable future.

  短期内这座雕像将留在博物馆。

»It's unlikely that the hospital will be closed in the foreseeable future (= soon).

  这所医院不大可能很快就关闭。

时间 18

第二篇
文章大意
企业兼并的模式

段落大意
1 提出问题：什么导致了公司多元化兴衰
2 最古老的解释：反托拉斯假设
3 60年代最可能是由于”反托拉斯假设“
4 提出反对意见
5 解释“反托拉斯假设”，提出现实不合的地方
6 提出结论，公司多元化的主要原因在于其他方面。
7 进一步论证，提出国际上的证据
8 英国的情况
9 加拿大的情况

摘抄

A central question in financial economics remains unresolved: What caused the rise and decline of corporate diversification during the last four decades?

One of the most venerable and enduring of these explanations is the “antitrust hypothesis.”

The view that antitrust contributed substantially to corporate diversification also enjoys abundant anecdotal support.

生词

plausible

◙ adj.

1. (of an excuse or explanation 藉口或解释) reasonable and likely to be true

• 有道理的；可信的:

»Her story sounded perfectly plausible.

  她的说辞听起来言之有理。

»The only plausible explanation is that he forgot.

  唯一合理的解释就是他忘掉了。

【OPP】 implausible

2. (disapproving) (of a person 人) good at sounding honest and sincere, especially when trying to trick people

• 巧言令色的；花言巧语的:

»She was a plausible liar.

  她是个巧言令色的说谎高手。

antitrust

◙ adj. [only before noun]

• (of laws 法律) preventing companies or groups of companies from controlling prices unfairly

• 反托拉斯的；反垄断的

em∙pir∙ic∙al

◙ adj. [usually before noun]

• based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories

• 以实验(或经验)为依据的；经验主义的:

»empirical evidence / knowledge / research

  实践经验的证明；从实际经验中获得的知识；以实验为基础的研究

»an empirical study

  经验式研究

【OPP】 theoretical

时间 22

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

Day 8
第一篇
文章大意
《王冠》虚构是否重要？针对这个问题引发的讨论

段落大意
1 第一种观点，制片方侮辱了真正的王室成员
2 讨论虚构的界限，如果人物不在世了，那么虚构就合理吗？
3 部分观众认为他们喜爱的人物在剧中收到了虚假的呈现
4 《王冠》有对真实事件的改编，但并没有丑化他们
5 奉行“言论自由”的政府不会因此而惩罚制片方，与首相政治上的谎言比简直不值一提

摘抄

Since a government wedded to free speech is unlikely to haul Netflix’s chief executive to the Tower of London for ignoring Mr Dowden, the intervention should be read as mere virtue-signalling to conservative Britons.

单词

re∙deem

◙ verb [VN]

1. to make sb / sth seem less bad

• 补救；弥补；掩饰…之不足

【SYN】 compensate for :

»The excellent acting wasn't enough to redeem a weak plot.

  精彩的表演不足以掩盖情节的拙劣。

»The only redeeming feature of the job (= good thing about it) is the salary.

  这份工作唯一的可取之处就是它的工资。

--› note at save

2. ~ yourself to do sth to improve the opinion that people have of you, especially after you have done sth bad

• 挽回影响；改变印象；维护:

»He has a chance to redeem himself after last week's mistakes.

  他有机会弥补上星期犯下的错误。

throne

◙ noun

1. [C] a special chair used by a king or queen to sit on at ceremonies

• (国王、女王的)御座,宝座

2. the throne [sing.] the position of being a king or queen

• 王位；王权；帝位:

»Queen Elizabeth came / succeeded to the throne in 1952.

  伊丽莎白女王于 1952 年即位/登基。

»when Henry VIII was on the throne (= was king)

  亨利八世在位时

ricochet

◙verb [I]

1. if a bullet, stone, or other object ricochets, it changes direction when it hits a surface at an angle

• 〔子弹、石块等运动物体〕回跳，反弹:

▪ [+ off ]

»Bullets ricocheted off the boulders around him.

  一颗颗子弹从他周围的巨石上弹飞。

cascade

◙verb [I always + adv / prep]

1. to flow, fall, or hang down in large quantities

• 瀑布似地落下; 大量倾泻:

»Her thick black hair cascaded down below her waist.

  她那浓密的黑发瀑布般垂到了腰下。

»Gallons of water cascaded over the side of the bath.

  大量的水从浴缸边溢流出来。

时间 13


第二篇
文章大意

讲olmet把ceramic的艺术鉴赏带入美国，在1932之前她organize的方法适用，到了1989，这个方法就不行了，因为那时艺术已经跟金钱挂钩了，还说她那个时候的展都被rejected了，最后一段举了一个展览被关掉原因，因为不符合现在的标准了。

段落大意
1 Anna Olmsted 强调美国陶瓷工艺的重要
2 她名声下降
3 建立新秩序

摘抄

Writing in the decorative art section of the Golden Gate international exposition held in 1939, Olmsted quoted Richard F. Bach’s assessment that the Ceramic National exhibitions had ‘rendered signal service in consolidating American interest in ceramics – thus providing an experiment station where criteria of quality may be established’.

单词

ceramic

◙ noun

1. [C, usually pl.] a pot or other object made of clay that has been made permanently hard by heat

• 陶瓷制品；陶瓷器:

»an exhibition of ceramics by Picasso

  毕加索陶瓷作品展

2. ceramics [U] the art of making and decorating ceramics

• 制陶艺术；陶瓷装潢艺术

retro∙spect∙ive  

◙ adj.

1. thinking about or connected with sth that happened in the past

• 回顾的；涉及以往的

2. (also less frequent formal retro∙active) (of a new law or decision 新的法律或决定) intended to take effect from a particular date in the past rather than from the present date

• 有追溯效力的；溯及既往的:

»retrospective legislation

  有追溯效力的立法

»retrospective pay awards

  有追溯效力的加薪

时间 23

吃饭睡觉做咸鱼

Day 9
第一篇
文章大意
利用卫星发现工业甲烷泄漏：帮助应对气候变化



段落大意
1 利用“克莱尔号”引入卫星监测
2 甲烷的危害
3 “克莱尔号”数据
4 其他地区的类似事件，对比
5 甲烷可以监测
6 “克莱尔号”可以胜任监测
7 卫星更可靠
8 其他卫星也将上天
9 后续影响

摘抄

Having a number of complementary eyes-in-the sky will be an important way to help reduce methane emissions.

单词

emis∙sion

◙ noun

1. [U] (formal) the production or sending out of light, heat, gas, etc.

• (光、热、气等的)发出,射出,排放:

»the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere

  向大气排放二氧化碳

»emission controls

  排放控制

2. [C] gas, etc. that is sent out into the air

• 排放物；散发物；排泄物:

»The government has pledged to clean up industrial emissions.

  政府已保证要清除工业排放物。

leak

◙ verb

1. to allow liquid or gas to get in or out through a small hole or crack

• 漏；渗漏；泄漏:

▪ [V]

»a leaking pipe

  渗漏的管道

»The roof was leaking.

  屋顶在漏雨。

▪ [VN]

»The tank had leaked a small amount of water.

  水箱渗漏出少量的水。

blow∙out

◙ noun

1. an occasion when a tyre suddenly bursts on a vehicle while it is moving

• (机动车行驶过程中的)爆胎

【SYN】 puncture :

»to have a blowout

  车胎爆裂

2. [usually sing.] (informal) a large meal at which people eat too much

• 大餐；盛宴:

»a four-course blowout

  有四道菜的大餐

3. (NAmE, informal) a large party or social occasion

• 盛大聚会；交谊会:

»We're going to have a huge blowout for Valentine's Day.

  情人节时我们会举办一场盛大聚会。

4. (NAmE, informal) an easy victory

• 轻易的胜利:

»The game was a blowout, 8–1.

  这场比赛赢得易如反掌,结果是 8 比 1。

5. a sudden escape of oil or gas from an oil well

• 井喷

时间 25

第二篇
文章大意
测化石年代的方法



段落大意

1 说有一种方法R测化石年代，但是有弊端，因为只能测定在某个特定年代的化石

2 说一种新的方法A，可以克服这些弊端，很好地解决了是谁最先迁徙 什么时候迁徙到美国大陆的人

3 解决了另一个之前没有解决的问题

摘抄

Neither sample size nor background radiation present problems to radiocarbon accelerator dating, and so rel atively minor improvements in sample chemistry can lead to sharper and  more extensive chronologies.

单词

spectrometry

n. 光谱测定法,度谱术

insurmountable

◙ adj.

• (formal) (of difficulties, problems, etc. 困难、问题等) that cannot be dealt with successfully

• 无法克服的；难以解决的；不可逾越的

【SYN】 insuperable

threshold

◙ noun

1. the floor or ground at the bottom of a doorway , considered as the entrance to a building or room

• 门槛；门口:

»She stood hesitating on the threshold.

  她站在门口,犹豫不决。

»He stepped across the threshold.

  他迈过门槛。

2. the level at which sth starts to happen or have an effect

• 阈；界；起始点:

»He has a low boredom threshold (= he gets bored easily).

  他极易感到乏味。

»I have a high pain threshold (= I can suffer a lot of pain before I start to react).

  我的忍痛力很高。

»My earnings are just above the tax threshold (= more than the amount at which you start paying tax).

  我的收入刚刚超过征税起点。

3. [usually sing.] the point just before a new situation, period of life, etc. begins

• 开端；起点；入门:

»She felt as though she was on the threshold of a new life.

  她觉得好像就要开始新生活了。

时间 42