【揽瓜阁4.0】+Rane 打卡帖

HHHHRane

【揽瓜阁4.0】+Rane 打卡帖

HHHHRane

Pinduoduo faces growing PR crisis over employee death
-Main Idea
The collapse of Pinduoduo's employee brings back public relations crisis and working condition investigation.
-Argument summary
one of Pinduoduo's employee died on her way home from work; this death revived public over-timing working concern, which is called '996';
Previously 'anti-996' was set up, but it failed to change workplace norm;
Pinduoduo's actual working time is longer than '996', but in return it provides higher pay than other renowned tech companies;
How Pinduoduo reacted after its employee's collapse.

-Excerpta post of Pinduoduo's social media accounts downplayed the worker's death saying:'Look at the people at the bottom - who is not trading life for money... this is an era where we fight with our lives'

-New Words
revive复苏，复兴；brutal残忍的；gruelling折磨人的；collapse(尤指工作劳累后的)崩溃/倒下；netizen网友；call for a boycott of呼吁抵制；downplay轻描淡写；go viral疯狂传播；

Reading time: 4'35
Summary time: 7'40
Total: 12'15s





Economic Scene; Good news for the down and out, or are the data misleading?

-main idea
two different opinions of the Cox-Alm study, and a unconvetional means by the Dallas researchers was suggested.

-Paragraph idea
Cox and Alm calims: the people in the US struggling to make ends will soon be affluent;
Cox and Alm's opinoin: opportunity matters most for the poor to make a leap;
the infulence of Cox-Alm study: it became a required reading;
BUT, PG thoght many things in that study are amiss;
explain the principal of Cox and Alm study: variation and mobility between the top and bottom casue the standard measures of income distribution;
PG explained in detail the study's misleading points:
A- the measure of bottom individual income cause the low average earnings
B- mingles the impact of real economic mobility;
VDO's question: how much does the mobility offset the inequality & the mainstram answer;
VDO's conclusion: focus on what we can do for the losers.

-New Words
disquiet n. 担心，焦虑，不安； split hairs over sth.对...斤斤计较

Reading time: 6'48
Summary time: 16'24
Total: 23'02s

HHHHRane

DAY TWO

Shades of black: For centuries, the colour black has tested artists' ingenuity

• Main Idea
  

the different opinions and use of the color black by various artists chronically

• Paragraph
  

• Claude monet's coffin was covered with a colorful cretonne, instead of using the tradition pure dark
• Different colors represent diffrent things for people from different countries
• Physicists and artists hold different views of the color black
• AK's attempt to investigate the color black
• The different use of color black in the world
• When was black pigments popular in Europe
• The myth of O inspired airtists, and illustrate it using the example of Palmer
• The contrast use of color black by Monet and his fellows-truning black into light
• 20th century, Picasso recalled the use of black, and KM's invention 'Black Square' of painterly language by using black
• KM's work marked a turning-point in modern art
• KM's influence was huge but his work was challenged
• In 2015, Mr. Kapoor started to use the Vantablack to express his artworks
• During the Renaissance, the different visual feelings by using vantablack and other colors
  

• excerpt
  

• Black, however, has associations that are universal. It is bound up with witchcraft, the underworld, night-time and the far side of the Moon
• For them black represents an intellectual and technical challenge; it is the high-jump of color, a test of their skill, ingenuity and imagination
• Black skin has its own, entwined but distincet, artistic history, with vexed connotations of power, prejudive and eroticism
• Trying desperately to free art from the dead weight of the real world
  

• New words
  

black-draped coffin 盖着黑布的棺材；cretonne大花帘布；palette调色板；forget-me-nots勿忘草；adultery通奸行为；spectrum 光谱；vexed生气的，恼怒的；eroticism色情；co-opted借鉴；pantheon万神殿，名流群；concoction混合；tumour瘤，肿块；





conjure up在脑中呈现；crude未加工的；gloss光彩，色泽；brooding沉思的；hue色彩，色调；nocturnal夜间的

阅读时间：5'57

总结时间：52‘
总时间：57‘57

HHHHRane

DAY TWO

Passage 2-Women and Property across Colonial America: A comparison of Legal Systems in New Mexico and New York

阅读时间：3‘44

• Main Idea
  

compared women rights between a common law system and a civil law system, then pointed out the adcantages of the latter one.

• Passage Argument
  

Law controlled women's experiences, the rights women gained were different under a common law system and a civil law system;
Set a comparison between Spanish-American law and Anglo-American law in two different regimes to illustrate benefits women get under cival law systems overweighs that of common law systems;
Strenghtening the point by providing an example of women's property righ iNew Mexico, whose law system is the civial law system.

• New words
  

determinant决定因素；scornfully轻蔑地；consent准许，同意；bien好处；dowry嫁妆；



阅读时间：3‘44
总结时间：11'58
总时间：15'42

HHHHRane

DAY 3

PASSAGE 1-What Quantum Computer Receal About Innovation: Venture Capital Is Often The Last Guest to Arrive At The Party

• MAIN IDEA
  

This passage suggested the trend of quantum computing by expressing its advantages as well as itsrisks. After all, the author supported quantum computing technology under certain circumstances.

• PASSAGE STRUCTURE
  

Author forcasted that quantum computing will be a common reckoning in the next 40 years. Although not everone agrees, but as least venture capital will invest it.

Furthermore, author expressed the advantages and risks of quantum computing seperately:

• Advantage: commercially useful not only for investors but also in logistics, finance and artificial intelligence; offers a worked example of the technology development in the industry
• Risk: requires abstruse mathematics and huge funding; the success rate is unpredictable; its progress depend heavily on other various fields
  

In a word, author support that people should continue quantum computing and try to avoid those risks.

• EXCERPT
  

• Nature isn't classical, dammit, and if you want to make a simulation of nature, you'd better make it quantum mechanical, and by golly it's a wonderful problem
  

• NEW WORDS
  

reckoning计算，清算；commercial proposition商业命题；error-prone易出错的；state-of-the-art最先进的；vistas远景，展望；blunt one's precision削弱精确度；frenzy疯狂，狂暴；abstruse深奥的，难懂的；algorithm算法；culling剔出劣质货；cult狂热；nascent初期的；glamorous有魅力的

阅读时间：3‘46
总结时间：30'
总时间：33‘46

PASSAGE 2-Mini Ice Age

• MAIN IDEA
  

The fresh water flowing into the salty sea causes the earth warming.This passage expressed its idea by citing both J and BD's researches and opinions. Although fresh water causes small changes, it yeilds a bid response.

• PASSAGE STRUCTURE
  

J's opinion: the earth is warming, and the cause is the fresh water from Arctic ice;
The fresh water trend becomes major new in ocean-science circles, and BD did a relevant research;
The trend could causes a little ice age, and J thought the fresh water trend is global;
The effect of fresh water on cooler water and thermohaline circulation;
J's opinion: the increasing amount of fresh water would yield a big response.

• NEW WORD
  

cluttered凌乱的；culprit罪犯；subvert推翻，破坏；penetration渗透；soak up吸收；waft to飘去...；thermohaline circulation温盐环流；thermal保热的；veer转向


阅读时间：2'47
总结时间：22'05
总时间：22‘52

HHHHRane

DAY FOUR

PASSAGE 1-Surrogacy

• Main Idea
  

This prime purpose of this passage is to express the polarising debate over the issue of surrogacy. Author's opinion is that we should consider this crucial issue with fullest range of perspective.

• Passage Structure
  

Some people agrees that surrogacy helps certian types of couples (eg. gay) to become parents; But on the other hand, some people hold the view that surrogacy is exlploitative and unethecial-children seem to be commercialized;

UK entitled the Surrogacy Arrangements Act 1985 and wish to reform it in 2021.  From their view, they focus on the surragacy process, and surrogate mothers' rights;
However, there are still some other severe issues:

• the power is imbalance between surrogate mother and intended mother
• there is socioeconomic inequality between surrogate mother and intended mother
• most surrogate mothers are less-off, less powerful and lower social status than intended parents
• risks for surrogate mother
  

In conclusion, we need to fully consider both the intended parents and the surrogate mothers. Two sides of this story must be told.

• Excerpt
  

• Given that the current policy climate and controversy around surrogacy, it's crucial that public discussion of this issue includes the fullest range of perspectives.
• As well as hearing from moving stories from intended parents about how surrogacy enabled them ot overcome biological or social infertility to realise their dreams of becoming parents, we also need to hear from a range of surrogate mothers.
• That includes those whose experiences have not been so rosy, and who instead encountered challenging power imbalances between themselves and the intended parents, or who felt that their rights were subtly or overtly undermined during their pregnancy or birth, or who suffered unexpected physical or emotional repercussions.
  

• New Words
  

surrogacy代孕；surrogate mothers代孕母亲；toll过路费，代价；a touching example of一个感人的例子；prostitution卖淫；preconception偏见；crop up突然出现；antenatal突然出现；intrapartum分娩期的；postnatal产后的；altruistic利他的；trivial不重要的，琐碎的；sepsis败血症；pre-eclampsia妊娠毒血症；haemorrhage出血；stillbirth死产；ovarian卵巢的；hyperstimulation刺激过度；embryo transfer胚胎移植；coercion强迫




阅读时间: 5'48
整理时间：35'46
总时间：41'33

HHHHRane

DAY FOUR

PASSAGE 2-Hispanic Law Water Right

• Main Idea
  

This passage discussed in late nineteeth- and early twentieth-century, two systems-the common law water regime and a communal water system-have different opinions and use of specific water rights, which are based on Hispanic law.

• Structure
  

In nineteenth-and twentieth-century, there are two law systems of the municipal and riparian water rights:

• common law water regime—state courts asserted water rights were absolute and exclusive——cause legitimated water monopoly and accumulation.
• communal water system—water rights were sahred between municipalities and other users.
  

However, scholars of western water law in the US critized common law water regime; But the historians in common law water regime fought back.

Eventually, there was no conclusion for this argument.

• New Words
  

unornamented朴素的；elaborate精心制作的；ostensibly表面上；riparian河边的；reaffirm再肯定；watershed流域


阅读时间：5'10
总结时间：14'24
总时间：19'24

HHHHRane

DAY 5

PASSAGE 1-The Pandemic Has Changed China's Nightclubs: It Has Given Local DJs A Chance To Shine

• Main Idea
  

This passage mainly takled about the threat and changes that pademic brought to China's nightclubs.

• Passage Structure
  

With the influence of global pandemic, China's nightclubs finally reopened with certain requirements;

The pandemic posed a severe threat to club business, only rare clubs' owners claimed that they will break even;
The pandemic also has postive changes:

• give chances to domestic DJs to show up
• speed up the spread of China's club culture
  

Despite the mentioned benefits to local DJs, some professions claimed that many of DJs do not truely 'understand electronic music culture'

• Excerpt
  

Yet many electronic-music clubs have weathered the disruption, in part because punters freeed from lockdown have flocked back to them

• New Words
  

faff忙乱；wrought锻造的，特定的；draw crowds吸引群众；gyrate旋转


阅读时间：4'03
总结时间：21'16
总时间：25'19

PASSAGE 2-Review: Jim Crow's Offense

• Main Idea
  

The main idea of this passage is to challenge McMillen's debates by providing certain assumptions and the case of Jim Crow's offense in different stages.

• Structure
  

In order to indentify white supremacy in Mississippi, McMillen engages two debates：

• social relations of slavery caused informal discrimination
• therefore evolved into legally seperation and disfranchisement
  

However, this debate has some flaws:

• it has a threat perception to rigidity
• race relations were not functions of class relations
• white supermacy was not merely an ideology
  

Furthermore, the countinuity of white supermacy didn't provide dark effects during Jim Crow's age. The leaders accepted Jim Crow in different stages.

The final paragraph expressed in detail how those leaders treated Jim Crow through different stages of the journey.

• New Words
  

salient显著的；flickering闪烁的；discern察觉出；imperative不必要的；edifice大厦；spatial空间的；hegemony霸权主义；oppresion压抑的；redemption赎回；emerging legal structure新兴法律结构；disinclined不想的，不愿的；be blurred by 被...遮住，模糊的；emblematic象征的；

阅读时间：5‘24
整理时间：28'07
总时间：33'31

HHHHRane

DAY 6

PASSAGE 1-What Really Killed the Dinasaurs? Lingering doubts about the cause of a mass extinction

• Main Idea
  

This passage mainly is to pose two different opinions about the cause of dinasaur's extinction, and the author supports the 1st one by providing Pincelli Hull's research.

• Structure
  

By identifing the cuase of dinasaur's extinction, two hypothesis were provided:

• the giant wave originating from a collision between Earth and a large space rock wiped out the dinasaur;
• volcanic eruption was the main cause
  

A research conducted by PH was provided to indicate that the dinasaur's extinction was caused by a collision between Earth and a giant space rock.

• New words
  

ejecta喷出物；blot out遮盖；cretaceous period白垩纪；mollusc软体动物；foraminifera有孔虫类；amoeba变形虫


阅读时间：3'20
整理时间：15'07
总时间：18'27

PASSAGE 2-The Search For Dark Matter In the Recent Majestic Universe

• Main Idea
  

the main idea of this passage is to discuss what kind of particle could dark matter be made of.

• Structure
  

two hypothesises were explained and denied-neurinos, 'cold' dark matter,
the 3rd hypothesis was provided and supported-supersymmetru: neutralino

• New words
  

primordial原始的；sluggishly慢吞吞地；cosmologist宇宙学家；supersymmetry超对称性；amalgam汞合金


阅读时间：3'13
整理时间：8
总时间：8'13

PASSAGE-3

• Main Idea
  

the main idea of this passage is to explain that the war of humans arising from a combination of instinct and culture can be avoided by an understanding of how these elements interact.

• Structure
  

1-Identifying that wars of territorial expansion and defense can be motivated by both culture and instinct:
instinct envolves a facotor, which has vaired effects on population growth and size;
death and birth rates come into balance and population density levels off;
individuals have higher survival rates and pass on more genes to next generation.
2-Add new information to make up this argument:
not very species develops the instinct for territorial behavior-territoriality dosen't evolve when certain factors are paramount
3-Conclusion: he war of humans arising from a combination of instinct and culture can be avoided by an understanding of how these elements interact.

• New words
  

incrementally增值地；level off趋平；paramount最重要的


阅读时间：2'28
整理时间：15'24
总时间：17'52

HHHHRane

DAY 7

Passage 1-The Rising Prevalence of Dementia Is A Global Emergency

• Main Idea
  

The main idea of this passage is to discuss both the problems of long-tearm trend of dementia and the actions that government should do to lessen those risks. As well, this passage talked that facing this risk, some changes in human behaviors.

• Structure
  

The trend: the rising prevalance of dementia is a long and slow global emergency, we need a cure and sustainable way to tackle this trend.

The main cause: more than half of dementia was attributed to Alzmeimer's disease.
The effect of this main cause:

• elder people bear memory loss and other cognitive functions;
• insufficient familiy attention and inability to take care of himself/herself;
  

The positive effect on human behavior:

• people pay more attention on their health before entering elder stage
• technology will come soon to stem cognitive decline in Alzheimer' patients
  

What government should do:

• recall the urgency that were used to tackle the problem before
• funding more on dementia
• plan a strategical dementia system: who pay it and who take care of the patient, and also we need to change the pay and social status of those workers.
  

• Excerpt
  

technology can help lighten the load

• New words
  

dementia痴呆；ponderous笨重的；humanely人道地；offing即将到来的，就在眼前的；round-the-clock全天的；overstretched勉强维持的；lag落后，延后；penalise惩罚；patchy零散的；in despair绝望的；



阅读时间：6'59
总结时间：29'29
总时间：36'28


Passage 2-Did Tough Antitrust Enforcement Cause The Diversification of American Corporation?

• Main idea
  

The main idea of this passage is to make an assessment of the antitrust cause of the diversification of American corporations

• Structure
  

the cause of corporate divertisfication changes remains unsolved. The author claimed one explanation-antitrust hypothesis, and this view was strongly supported by public but with strong skeptics:

• it was universal between large corporations and small-sized ones by using statistical evidence; Within different legal restrictions, global corporations experienced comparable divertisfiction waves.
• increasing corporate divertisfiction has been a feature of most western economies in the postwar years.
  

• New words
  

venerable庄严的；stringent严格的；

阅读时间：6'01
整理时间：14'53
总时间：20'54

Passage 3

• Main idea
  

The main idea of this passage is to indicate that both the low social status and low payment of North American Artisans in the long American history caused significantly decrease of the artisan's popuplation.

• Structure
  

In eighteenth century, the artisan of North American gained no respect.
By the end of the American revolution, these artisans were regarded as a group that contributed little to the new station.
Changes of production undermins the artisan's economic position, thses skilled craftmen were replaced by inexperienced or unskilled ones, leaving no paramount qaulity and the loss of mentoring tradition.
Finally, the number of artisans dropped sharply by 1850.


阅读时间：1'42
整理时间：6'29
总时间：8'11