求解og21里一道新题

KaelynChoi

In persons with astigmatism, the clear outer layer of the eye is deformed in a way that impairs and sometimes distorts vision. The elongated figures in the paintings of El Greco (1541-1614) were so unusual that some critics sought to explain them by hypothesizing that without knowing it, El Greco had an astigmatism that caused everything to appear to him in the distorted way that was characteristic of his painted figures.

The proposed explanation is most vulnerable to the criticism that it fails to

(A) establish that during the period in which El Greco lived, there was any correction avail- able to those who did realize their vision was distorted
(B) provide evidence that astigmatism was common in the 1500s and 1600s
(C) consider that the critics who proposed the explanation might have suffered from astig- matism

(D) consider the effect of the hypothesized astigmatism on El Greco's perception of his own paintings
(E) allow for the possibility that artists see the world differently than do nonartists

[size=14.666666984558105px]请教各位nn，d为什么不对？评论家忽视了散光可能对[size=14.666666984558105px]El Greco对看到的画的感知有影响——比如EG看到的世界就是扭曲的，画出来也是扭曲的呀

长丝弓

这道题里定义的astigmatism主要就是看的扭曲。比方说看到正常的画（甲），患astigmatism看成扭曲的形象（乙），他画出来的必须得还是甲（正常的画），才能使他看到的是（乙）（因为扭曲的方式是一样的）。这样就解释不了他自己画出来的是变形的画（elongated)。所以此题选D

mandy1991

OG上的解析写的还是比较清楚的

What is a significant weakness in the critics' explanation? According to the given information, people with astigmatism sometimes have impaired or distorted vision because of a deformation of the eye's outer layer. The critics seem to reason as follows. If El Greco had astigmatism that he was not aware of, his portrayal of human figures might show some distortion. His portrayals of human figures do show them as unusually elongated. So astigmatism may explain his unusually elongated portrayal of human figures. Someone could object to the critics: if El Greco perceived human models as more elongated than they appeared to non-astigmatic perceivers, he would also have perceived his depictions of such models as more elongated than those depictions appeared to non-astigmatic perceivers. If he did so, his depictions should appear to non-astigmatic perceivers as accurately matching human figures, i.e., as not unusually elongated. But they do not so appear. Therefore, the proposed explanation might fail.

D. Correct. If El Greco had astigmatism and did not know it, his perception of human figures (including any models used for his painting) could have shown them as taller (or wider) and perhaps with longer limbs than in reality. Did such distorted perception also operate when El Greco looked at brush strokes in his paintings of those figures? If so, he would have perceived those brush strokes as longer than they really were and the completed representation of each human figure in the painting as also more elongated than it was. If the degree of distortion was the same both in his perceptions of people and in his perceptions of the painted representations of them, then one would expect his paintings to be perceived by non-astigmatic viewers as having no unusual distortions. But that is not the case. So the critics' proposed explanation seems dubious.

owen在杭州

长丝弓 发表于 2020-9-8 00:54
这道题里定义的astigmatism主要就是看的扭曲。比方说看到正常的画（甲），患astigmatism看成扭曲的形象（乙 ...

这个回答很清楚，懂了谢谢！