请教GWD上RC一题- 关于waves of animal extinction at the end of the Pleistocene era

奋斗小女子

上原文：

According to a theory advanced by researcher Paul Martin, the wave of species extinctions that occurred in North America about 11,000 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene era, can be directly attributed to the arrival of humans, i.e., the Paleoindians, who were ancestors of modern Native Americans. However, anthropologist Shepard Krech points out that large animal species vanished even in areas where there is no evidence to demonstrate that Paleoindians hunted them. Nor were extinctions confined to large animals: small animals, plants, and insects disappeared, presumably not all through human consumption. Krech also contradicts Martin's exclusion of climatic change as an explanation by asserting that widespread climatic change did indeed occur at the end of the Pleistocene. Still, Krech attributes secondary if not primary responsibility for the extinctions to the Paleoindians, arguing that humans have produced local extinctions elsewhere. But, according to historian Richard White, even the attribution of secondary responsibility may not be supported by the evidence. White observes that Martin's thesis depends on coinciding dates for the arrival of humans and the decline of large animal species, and Krech, though aware that the dates are controversial, does not challenge them; yet recent archaeological discoveries are providing evidence that the date of human arrival was much earlier than 11,000 years ago.

题目：　

Q2. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken Krech’s objections to Martin’s theory?

A. Further studies showing that the climatic change that occurred at the end of the Pleistocene era was even more severe and widespread than was previously believed

B. New discoveries indicating that Paleoindians made use of the small animals, plants, and insects that became extinct

C. Additional evidence indicating that widespread climatic change occurred not only at the end of the Pleistocene era but also in previous and subsequent eras

D. Researchers’ discoveries that many more species became extinct in North America at the end of the Pleistocene era than was previously believed

E. New discoveries establishing that both the arrival of humans in North America and the wave of Pleistocene extinctions took place much earlier than 11,000 years ago



我的题目分析：

K's objection has three points:
1. in areas where there is no Paleoindians hunting animals, large animal species still vanished
2. Extinctions of small animals, plant and insects also exist, presumably not all through human consumption
3. Client change cold be a factor that caused extinction.

To weaken K's claims:
A) if client change was more severe and widespread than was prevously believed, then this strengthened K's claim 3.

B) 选择时between B&C, 但是仔细读了B后觉得B的意思不能理解： “ Paleoindians made use of the small animals, plants, and insects that became extinct ”   我理解的意思是， “that became extinct”表示这些animals, plants, and insects  - have already extinct, and then those people made use of them:   我就没理解， 这些动物都extinct了他们还怎么made use of them? 逻辑上解释不通， 但是又觉得句子意思没有理解错， 所以觉得这个选项不太靠谱。

C) 我选择了C， 因为在觉得B不靠谱之后， 觉得C的逻辑是 - 如果在其他era也有climate change，就不能说明这个“ the wave of species extinctions that occurred in North America about 11,000 years ago, at the end of the Pleistocene era”  是因为climate了， 因为‘其他时间’ 有cliamte change, 无‘extinction’.



D）irrelevant, 不分析了。


E） 此观点和K的三个观点也无关。






这题答案是B


非常需要请大神解释一下， B的逻辑是什么， C错在哪里？ 我的分析错在哪里？
感谢！

奋斗小女子

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phoenix_g

我认为重点应该是 Krech’s objections to Martin’s theory。Krech反对Martin's的证据主要有两点，一个是别的地区的大型动物也灭绝了；一个是不被Paleoindians consume的小型动植物灭绝了。B选项驳斥了第二个证据，所以正确。对于C选项，文章最后明确说明：Krech, though aware that the dates are controversial, does not challenge them。所以这个日期问题，并不是Krech challenge Martin的点。所以不选C。