og18的题目 求指导啊～

viewlam

Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

According to the last pre-election poll in Whippleton, most voters believe that the three problems government needs to address, in order of importance, are pollution, crime, and unemployment. Yet in the election, candidates from parties perceived as strongly against pollution were defeated, while those elected were all from parties with a history of opposing legislation designed to reduce pollution. These results should not be taken to indicate that the poll was inaccurate, however, since __________.

A.some voters in Whippleton do not believe that pollution needs to be reduced

B.every candidate who was defeated had a strong antipollution record

C.there were no issues other than crime, unemployment, and pollution on which the candidates had significant differences of opinion

D.all the candidates who were elected were perceived as being stronger against both crime and unemployment than the candidates who were defeated

E.many of the people who voted in the election refused to participate in the poll

答案是D，我选的是C，然后E也有一些迷糊，求解释～

Economist: The price of tap water in our region should be raised drastically. Supplies in local freshwater, reservoirs have been declining for years because water is being used faster than in can be replenished. Since the price of tap water has been low, few users have bothered to adopt even easy conservation measures.

The two sections in boldface play which of the following roles in the economist’s argument?

A.The first is a conclusion for which support is provided, and which in turn supports the main conclusion; the second is the main conclusion.

B.The first is an observation for which the second provides the explanation; the second is the main conclusion but not the only conclusion.

C.The first is a premise supporting the argument’s main conclusion; so is the second.

D.The first is the only conclusion; the second provides an explanation for the first.

E.The first is the main conclusion; the second is a conclusion for which support is provided, and which in turn supports the first.

这道题，我选的是B，答案是C。我想知道为什么第二个是一个premise？premise的定义到底是什么？是不是问题中除了结论就是premise？

还有就是一个问题中是不是只能有一个结论？感谢！

尼罗河上的橘子

解答一下第二题，第二题B错误的本质原因是，第二个黑体并不是main conclusion. main conclusion是第一句话. 其他的无论是事实，还是推断，都是为了证明第一句话的main conclusion，所以都是premise.

尼罗河上的橘子

第一题，C, D明显的无关选项啊...不知道LZ纠结在哪里了...

viewlam

尼罗河上的橘子 发表于 2017-7-5 11:29
解答一下第二题，第二题B错误的本质原因是，第二个黑体并不是main conclusion. main conclusion是第一句话. ...

啊！懂了！感谢感谢，我还是boldface太弱了对词真是很不敏感>.<

尼罗河上的橘子

viewlam 发表于 2017-7-5 14:56
啊！懂了！感谢感谢，我还是boldface太弱了对词真是很不敏感>.

boldface的做题方法是迅速找到premise和main conclusion基本可以搞定大部分了。再难一些的题会存在premise中有些是纯事实（fact），有些是由事实推出的一个小conclusion. 再注意语气的变化，哪些是句子是支持哪些观点的，哪些句子是反对哪些观点的

viewlam

尼罗河上的橘子 发表于 2017-7-5 15:00
boldface的做题方法是迅速找到premise和main conclusion基本可以搞定大部分了。再难一些的题会存在premis ...

cr中所有的句子都是可以划分为背景／premise／main conclusion，然后premise中又有事实和论断两种。
是这样理解嘛？

尼罗河上的橘子

viewlam 发表于 2017-7-5 15:02
cr中所有的句子都是可以划分为背景／premise／main conclusion，然后premise中又有事实和论断两种。
是这 ...

恩，我习惯把背景也归到premise里. 如果基础不好的话建议看看CR bible或者 CR 曼哈顿，前几章专门讲怎么读题的. 做多了以后其实就找一下conclusion，然后句子与句子之间的逻辑关系判断就好了. 其实我觉得boldface比其他类型的要简单...单纯判断句子的作用比判断整个题目的逻辑对我来说要简单

viewlam

尼罗河上的橘子 发表于 2017-7-5 15:06
恩，我习惯把背景也归到premise里. 如果基础不好的话建议看看CR bible或者 CR 曼哈顿，前几章专门讲怎么 ...

嗯嗯嗯好的， 谢谢～

此人已不再

第一题，逻辑链：反对pollution的候选人失败，而发对立法的候选人成功》》》》》》不能说明这个poll是不准确的；c说的there were no issues other than xxx，本文说的就是xxx，而选项说other xxx，显然脱离了题目；e 说的是people who voted in the election refused to participate in the poll，拒不拒绝参加the poll，票选结果都已经存在，所以并不能作用于逻辑链；

domifan

我也选错了，后来想想不知道这样能不能解释：C选项说候选人主要在这三个问题上有分歧——（乍一看好像说候选人争论的问题焦点都反映了投票结果，所以投票结果是有效的？）但其实c选项不能解决原文的逻辑，那就是“pollution候选人被KO”——“投票结果不准”，如果不能说明这个逻辑点的问题，就没有办法说明投票结果是准的（不能抛弃原文设立的因果关系直接说投票结果有效）。以及没有任何证据表明”投票结果是否有效“和“他们讨论内容“有关系，只有选民选举的最终结果才能反应投票是否有效。