OG 2017 CR 627 难题，求讲解！

Sharoon

A和E的主要区别除了A更直接地反驳了问题所问的explantation之外，还有E在代表性上形成不了如A选项的“它因”来削弱推理。
E中有一些没学历的工资和有学历的最高工资一样高，首先有一些的平均数不能代表所有没学历工资的平均数，而有学历的最高工资也不能说明所有有学历工资的平均值，重点在E没有说明更多有学历工资都低的情况，或者更多无学历工资都高的情况，因此不能形成和正确答案里一样的都工资低而差异小的情况。

哇哈哈哈3

YunZoo 发表于 2019-2-1 20:43
分享一下我的觀點，我猜測這題主要是在考閱讀的陷阱，或許native speaker在時間壓力下也會看錯

The differ ...

不对 题目写了in favor of, 所以是non-college vs college

以下转帖
If we want to WEAKEN an argument, we must first find the logical flaws - the missing information - between the premises and the conclusion.

Premises:
The difference in average annual income in favor of employees who have college degrees, compared with those who do not have such degrees, doubled between 1980 and 1990.

Conclusion:
Increased competition between employers for employees with college degrees drove up income for such employees.

Logical gap:
1. There is a mathematical disconnect here! Just because the DIFFERENCE between two income groups increased, that does not mean that the ACTUAL amounts both increased. What if in 1980, non-college-graduates made $50k on average and college graduates made $60k. Then in 1990, non-college-graduate incomes dropped to $40k. The DIFFERENCE would have increased, but one amount dropped and the other remained unchanged. In order to conclude that "increased difference between non-college-graduates & college graduates = higher income for college graduates," we'd need to know that non-college-graduate incomes did not go down.
2. We are also concluding (without justification) that the reason these incomes went up is competition between employers. The logical gap here is: we're ignoring any other possible explanation. Even if college graduate incomes went up, do we know WHY?

In order to WEAKEN this hypothesis, we need to attack one of these logical gaps.

A) During the 1980s a growing percentage of college graduates, unable to find jobs requiring a college degree, took unskilled jobs.
This undermines the notion that employers are generally competing for college graduates by paying them more and more. We can't necessarily assume that "unskilled" means "lower paying," so we can't draw conclusions about changed in actual income amounts. We know that the difference between income averages changed, but this gives us reason to think that the explanation is NOT that employers in general are wanting to pay college graduates more and more.