【语法知识点练习】语法干货总结练习，天天练，天天学，天天进步

人间烟火Sue

看在我每次都花这么多时间，认真编辑的份上，大家的语法一定要进步哟！

思路：

A选项，its指代复数名词chambers不对，而且dueto 没有because好，因果关系不明确。Dueto 后面需要加直接原因；such levels so that 连用错误

B: its指代复数名词chambers不对，而且due to 没有because好，因果关系不明确; the stone would crystallize不平行，…and fungus was growing…；raising修饰有歧义，有伴随colsed的嫌疑；

C:  the stone would crystallize…and fungus was growing不平行； them好像指代了tourists，因为tourists在主语的位置上；such that错误，such 不能直接加that; were exhaling有错误~不是过去时里面持续发生的一种状态，不需要用were doing的形式来表示，表达的是旅客过去一直在呼出湿气，到现在还没结束。

D: because of不能清晰的表达原因，后面需要加直接原因；because of sth. doing (because of doing)肯定是不如because从句的，法律法规除外，because of laws doing 可以；make thesalt from the stone crystallize andfungus was growing…不平行；them好像指代了tourists

E:bingo ; because后面可以加繁杂的句子，且不必是造成结果的直接原因。Because中的句子可以更好的体现一系列的事情，适用于表达繁琐的内容时。 过去完成时合理的表达了 在chambers被关之前，这个湿度就已经产生了；

疑问：为什么CD中的them好像指代了tourists，E中的没歧义；

回答：E中在修饰语中的代词不能修饰另外一个修饰语中的名词，优先指代主句主语

总结：

1.        划线部分和未划线部分用and连接，此时高度注意；一定考平行；

2.       句末未划线部分有平行提示，一定作为优先判断选项对错的点！！！！

3.because,because of, in that, due to:的比较

A) because后面可以加繁杂的句子，且不必是造成结果的直接原因。Because中的句子可以更好的体现一系列的事情，适用于表达繁琐的内容时。

B) becauseof后面一般接简单的名词，但是名词也可以有其修饰语。但是，because of sth. doing (because of doing)肯定是不如because从句的。而且because of后面这个东西应该是直接原因。                                                                            C) due to后面只接简单的名词结构，且是结果句的直接原因。due to一般不能放在句首，due to得结合结果句来看其是否正确，所以一般较恶心。            

D) in that:不同于because，in that更强调“二者不同的地方在哪里”，而because则强调的是一个事物的原因是什么。

Similar=like，different from=unlike，但是similar to和different from一般不可放在句首

9. In 1979 lack of rain reduced India's rice production toabout 41 million tons, nearly 25 percent less than those of the 1978 harvest.

(A) less than those ofthe 1978 harvest

(B) less than the 1978harvest

(C)  less than 1978

(D)  fewer than 1978

(E)  fewer than that of India's 1978 harvest

人间烟火Sue

大家有感觉有帮助吗，有建议的留言提出哟

人间烟火Sue

我就知道一保存格式就会变化，醉了醉了，我就不厌其烦的再编辑一下了~

思路：

Logical predication;Diction

The crucial part ofthis sentence is the latter part, where India's 1979 production of 42 milliontons of rice is compared to the production of the previous year. What wasproduced in 1979 was 25 percent less than what was produced in 1978. Thegrammatical means of comparison have to express correctly this relationshipbetween the two harvests. It helps if you think of 41 million tons of rice asthe collective equivalent of the 1979 harvest.

waterblue01@cd：这道题的关键是 harvest不仅是收获的意思，还有产量的意思。

to about 41 milliontons完全是补充修饰production的。

因此 这里 rice production和harvest的比较是完全对等的。

那么rice production在前面做宾语，比较自然后面直接跟比较的名词就可以了。

另外rice production不可数，因此用less。

A选项 This version exhibits redundant wordchoice.  The pronoun those refers to thetons of the 1978 harvest. Both harvests are measured in tons, and it is cleanerand simpler to compare with the harvest itself, not with the tons of theharvest.

B Bingo，比较完美，less恰当。

C 选项比较对象双方逻辑不对等

D 比较对象逻辑双方不对等；比较对象riceproduction不可数，不能用fewer，应该用less

E比较对象rice production不可数，不能用fewer，应该用less；Furthermore, the pronoun that refers backto India's rice production [fewer than the rice production of lndia's 1978harvest] and is redundant.The word harvest is sufficient here to express thecomparison.

10. Thewidely accepted big bang theory holds that the universe began in anexplosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago and has been expandingever since.

(A) that the universebegan in an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago and has been expanding

(B) that the universehad begun in an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago and had

been expanding

(C) that the beginningof the universe was an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago thathas expanded

(D) the beginning ofthe universe to have been an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago thatis expanding

(E) the universe tohave begun in an explosive instant ten to twenty billion years ago and has beenexpanding

uniquegino

10. A
(為什麼這樣好貼看不到大家回復呢)

中东狗

我每天都在看楼主的发帖的，希望楼主能坚持下去哦

人间烟火Sue

uniquegino 发表于 2016-11-22 03:23
10. A
(為什麼這樣好貼看不到大家回復呢)

天啦，太感动了，么么哒，我又有动力了 我一定坚持搞！！

人间烟火Sue

中东狗 发表于 2016-11-23 08:55
我每天都在看楼主的发帖的，希望楼主能坚持下去哦

嗯嗯，会坚持的，么么哒~

人间烟火Sue

虽然今天上海温度陡降，仿佛一下子进入了冬天，

但我今天受到了鼓励诶，真是好开心，我一定会坚持做下去的。

要杀G的筒子们加油吧，最近又换库了，哎呀，心疼大家

思路：

A;BINGO，Comma+连词(for, and, nor, but, or, yet,so)  若省略主语，一般不要逗号

B选项，过去完成时ago 一般过去时的标志began一般不用 完成时 。Ever since 现在完成时的标志

C选项，把原来和began并列的has been expanding变成了从属结构；同时，that has expanded的that修饰instant，不合逻辑。

     

D选项，将并列变成了从属；宾语从句that尽量不省略； the beginning of the universe不能is expanding，that 跳过修饰成分直接修饰beginning ，不合逻辑；) the beginning of theuniverse to have been 不直接并且啰嗦

     

E选项，宾语从句that不能省略；因为 to have begun 和has been expanding 都以 the universe为主语，所以必须平行。否则平行就变成了The widely accepted big bang theory holds ….and has beenexpanding  这个宇宙大爆炸理论一直在扩张，不合逻辑

总结：：

1.A选项，began和has expanding可以平行。因为有各自的时间状语ago和even since，在这种情况下，有专门的时间状语平行可以另当别论

2.不要随意把从句改为平起平坐的主句，反之亦然。要看作者在两个句子中，暗含到底是什么逻辑关系，如果A项合理，则不能改 ==>E.g 如果是对比，当然是but连接两个句子。如果是限定修饰当然是从句。

Comma+连词(for, and,nor, but, or, yet, so)  若省略主语，一般不要逗号    

3. 时态提示词：区分一般过去时和现在完成时的时态词：                          

A)一般过去时：ago, in the past,previously, in XXX, originally,initially,previously                              

B)现在完成时：ever since,in/within/during +the last/past/first/recent XXX                           

注意，since不能加时间段，只能是具体时间  since 1990

11. Like the idolizationaccorded the Brontes and Brownings, James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are

often subjectedto the kind of veneration that blurs the distinction between the artist and the

humanbeing.

(A) Like theidolization accorded the Brontes and Brownings,

(B) As the Brontes’and Brownings’ idolization,

(C) Like that accordedto the Brontes and Brownings,

(D) As it is of theBrontes and Brownings,

(E) Like the Brontesand Brownings,

人间烟火Sue

思路：

A：idolization和JJ and V W不可比

B：as作为连词，表比较要引起一个句子，加名词表“作为……”；同样的，idolization和JJ and VW不可比

C：that和人不可比，并且that指代有歧义

D it指代对象有歧义；同样it和两位作家不可比；As it is of the  啰嗦

E 正确；

Veneration  崇拜

idolization  偶像化，盲目崇拜

be subjected to 受到，遭受

blur vt.涂污；使…模糊不清；使暗淡；玷污vi. 沾上污迹；变模糊 n. 污迹；模糊不清的事物

distinction[dis'tiŋkʃən] n. 差别；区别；特性；荣誉

总结：      like vs as

Like 是一个介词，因此like后面只能跟名词， 代词或者名词短语

不能跟句子或者介词短语

LIKE her brother. AY. Raced the test  这里like +名词短语

LIKE swimming.，skiing is great exercise  特殊情况 like+ing分词  正确形式

Right: Frank's build. LIKE his brother's, is broad andmuscular

Right: Frank's build. LIKE that of his brother， is broad and muscular

Right: Frank. LIKE his brother. has a broad and muscularbuild

Wrong: I like to run through forests more than I enjoy walkingthrough crowds

错误，结构不平行

As 既是介词，又是连词，

连词时 ：后面可以跟句子,也可以跟介词短语表比较。

介词时：表示列举，只能用as,不能用like

如果比较对象是两个名词，用like；如果表列举用as

12.  

Carnivorous mammalscan endure what would otherwise be lethal levels of body heat because

they havea heat-exchange network which kept the brain from getting too hot.

(A)which kept

(B) thatkeeps

(C)which has kept

(D) thathas been keeping

(E)having kept

人间烟火Sue

思路：.

A which 不能引导限定性定从；can等情态动词，表示external things,要结合一般现在时使用。 一般事实，需用一般现在时

B: bingo

C which 不能引导限定性定从；一般事实，需用一般现在时

D：一个一般事实，需用一般现在时

E: Having dong 不能做后置定于修饰名词

otherwise   ['ʌðəwaiz] adj. 另外的；其他方面的adv.否则；另外；在其他方面

总结：   Having  done

A) having done和having been done都不是动名词结构，因此不能充当名词成分！

所以SC中，如果这两个结构做主语、宾语等，必错！

B) having done和having been done做后置定语（限定型），必错！

having done做后置定语，一般都要改成相应的定语从句

having been done做后置定语，一般都要改成相应的done做过去分词，或者改成定语从句

C) having done和having been done用于“with独立主格”中必错！

指with+ sb./sth+ havingdone/having been done这种情况

D)having done可以做非限定性修饰，不能做限定性修饰。

E) having done短语中所表达的内容发生在主句动作之前

F) When/after +having done 结构一定错 ; 详见prep1 Q188

13. There are several ways to build solid walls using just mud or clay, but the most extensively

used method has been the forming of bricks out of mud or clay, and, after some preliminary air

drying or sun drying, they are laid in the wall in mud mortar.

(A) the forming ofbricks out of mud or clay, and, after somepreliminary air drying or sun drying, they are laid

(B) forming the mud orclay into bricks, and, after some preliminary air drying or sun drying, to laythem

(C) having bricksformed from mud or clay, and, after some preliminary air drying or sun drying, theywere laid

(D) to form the mud orclay into bricks, and, after some preliminary air drying or sundrying, to lay them

(E) that bricks wereformed from mud or clay, which, after some preliminary air drying or sun

drying, were laid