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这道题的答案:
Verb form; Rhetorical construction
Opening with a past date (1999) describing the end point of a period of discovery, this sentence calls for a past perfect main verb to follow the subject astronomers. In order to economize on words and maximize clarity, the object of the main clause, stars, is modified by a passive relative clause that are orbited by planets followed by the adjective phrase about the size of Jupiter. This structure avoids an awkward and confusing string of relative clauses and prepositional phrases.
A Correct. This version is clear and uses the correct verb form had discovered.
B The use of a prepositional phrase with planets necessitates the introduction of a relative clause that were . . ., in which the referent of the relative pronoun that is somewhat uncertain (stars? or planets?). The past tense verb were suggests, improbably, that the size of the planets may have changed significantly since 1999.
C The string of relative clauses is awkward and wordy.
D If the sentence was written after 1999, the present perfect tense is illogical, because 1999 is in the past. If it was written in 1999, this way of referring to the then-present time is odd and misleading. The prepositional phrase is wordy and indirect.
E As in (D), the present perfect tense is illogical. The correct answer is A. |
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