关于FEIFEI-21,23

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我最近做了两道assumption题都错了,答案的分析方法都是取非削弱,我就不明白了:assumption和取非削弱有什么关系啊?望指教.

21. Historian: We can learn about the medical history of individuals through chemical analysis of their hair. It is likely, for example, that Isaac Newton’s psychological problems were due to mercury poisoning; traces of mercury were found in his hair. Analysis is now being done on a lock of Beethoven’s hair. Although no convincing argument has shown that Beethoven ever had a venereal disease, some people hypothesize that venereal disease caused his deafness. Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease, if researchers find a trace of mercury in his hair, we can conclude that this hypothesis is correct.

Which one of the following is an assumption on which the historian’s argument depends?

A.        None of the mercury introduced into the body can be eliminated.

B.        Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.

C.        Mercury is an effective treatment for venereal disease.

D.       Mercury poisoning can cause deafness in people with venereal disease.

E.        Beethoven suffered from psychological problems of the same severity as Newton’s.

There should be 2 assumptions to support the hypothesis. The 1st assumption of the author is that only venereal disease will be treated by mercury in Beethoven’s time. The 2nd assumption is only some people in Beethoven's time will ingest mercury, if all people ingest mercury, the evidence is not useful. So, some people in Beethoven's time did not ingest mercury. The answer should be B.

A, E have nothing to do with the argument.

C is not necessary, 'Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venereal disease' is enough.

D is wrong:  according to the author, it is the venereal disease that will cause the deafness, not the mercury poison.

23. On a certain day, nine scheduled flights on Swift Airlines were canceled. Ordinarily, a cancellation is due to mechanical problems with the airplane scheduled for a certain flight. However, since it is unlikely that Swift would have the mechanical problems with more than one or two scheduled flights on a single day, some of the nine cancellations were probably due to something else.

The argument depends on which one of the following assumptions?

A.        More than one or two airplanes were scheduled for the nine canceled flights.

B.        Swift Airlines has fewer mechanical problems than do other airlines of the same size.

C.        Each of the canceled flights would have been longer than the average flight on Swift Airlines.

D.       Swift Airlines had never before canceled more than one or two scheduled flights on a single day.

E.        All of the airplanes scheduled for the canceled flights are based at the same airport.

参考答案：A 采用取非法。

思路：否定More than one or two airplanes were scheduled for the nine canceled flights.将削弱作者的结论。

A：取非削弱

B：无关。

C：无关。

D：无关。

E：无关。

喜欢蓝色

我也不太清楚这两道题是不是同一类的,觉得好像是用了同一种判断的方法,可是我对这个方法不太知道

等待着大家的指点

先谢了

pcpcpcpcpc

第一题已经有解了，第二题题目中说9 flight有问题，但条件是swift一天一般只有2个airplane有mechanical problem，因此他推出的是9个中有的是其它问题。这里就是flight和airplane的关系，如果9个flight都是在这两个airplane上的，也就很显然推不出答案了。BTW，XDF的方法只是一种让你做错题看的，如果你用他的方法做LR会很慢的。