【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑1-4】

抓抓sandra

貌似都算比较长…sigh…明天来被虐…
逻辑汇总贴：http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_CR/thread-580862-1-1.html
阅读姊妹篇：http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_RC/thread-562296-1-1.html
#1 LSAT TEST1 SECTION I Q10
Some people say that the scarcity of food is a function of the finite limits of the earth’s resources, coupled with a relentless rate of population growth. This analysis fails to recognize, however, that much of the world’s agricultural resources are used to feed livestock instead of people. In the United States, for example, almost one-half of the agricultural acreage is devoted to crops fed to livestock. A steer reduces twenty-one pounds of inexpensive grain to one pound of expensive meat. Thus, the scarcity of food is not merely a function of limited resources and population growth.


Which one of the following is an assumption that would allow the conclusion in the argument to be properly drawn?


#2 LSAT TEST1 SECTION I Q15
One of the more reliable methods of determining regional climatic conditions in prehistoric periods is to examine plant pollen trapped in glacial ice during ancient times. By comparing such pollen samples with spores taken from modern vegetation, scientists can figure out approximately what the weather was like at the time of pollen deposition. Furthermore, by submitting the prehistoric samples to radiocarbon dating techniques, we can also determine when certain climatic conditions were prevalent in that portion of the globe.


Which one of the following may be inferred from the information in the passage?


#3 FEIFEI LOGIC Q7
Problems caused by the leaching of pollutants from dumps and landfills are worst in countries with an annual per capita economic output of $4,000 to $5,000, and less severe for considerably poorer and considerably richer countries. This is so because pollution problems increase during the early stages of a country’s industrial development but then diminish as increasing industrial development generates adequate resources to tackle such problems. Therefore, problems caused by such leaching in Country X, where the annual per capita economic output is now $5,000, should begin to diminish in the next few years.


Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?


#4 FEIFEI LOGIC Q10
10. In order to pressure the government of Country S to become less repressive, some legislators in Country R want to ban all exports from R to S. Companies in R that manufacture telecommunication equipment such as telephones and fax machines have argued that exports of their products should be exempted from the ban, on the ground that it is impossible for a country to remain repressive when telecommunication equipment is widely available to the population of that country.


Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument given by the manufacturers depends?


#5 FEIFEI LOGIC Q13
13. In 1712 the government of Country Y appointed a censor to prohibit the publication of any book critical of Country Y’s government; all new books legally published in the country after 1712 were approved by a censor. Under the first censor, one half of the book manuscripts submitted to the censor were not approved for publication. Under the next censor, only one quarter of the book manuscripts submitted were not approved, but the number of book manuscripts that were approved was the same under both censors.


If the statements in the passage are true, which one of the following can be properly concluded from them?

抓抓sandra

to 裤裤，已在Q上回复完毕~hoho~

今天整个状态凌乱。。调整一下明天再战~~

抓抓sandra

补作业来了~

1.45s
premise：资源稀缺和人类繁衍同步。
sub-conclusion：但是很多植物是喂给家畜的，所以人类在资源紧缺中没有起到很大的作用。
又一个premise：a steer那句是不是说一个什么密度还变高了，steer不是船舵的意思么？？没看明白…
conclusion：……><
问题：ASSUMPTION——应该是说家畜的消耗不会因为人口而变高。

2.44s
可以通过远古时期的化石中的花粉来判断远古时期不同地区的气候。
可以通过比较远古时期的花粉和现在的孢子来判断……？
结论：可以通过远古时期的化石中的花粉来判断化石的时期。
问题：must be true——可能是premise的改写，也可能说远古时期的含花粉的化石可以用来判断当时的气候

3.44s
人均收入在4000-5000美元的国家垃圾倾倒问题比较严重
更富有的国家垃圾倾倒问题比较不严重
这种对比的原因在于国家的发展初期垃圾问题不好解决，发达了之后就有足够的钱和资源来解决这个问题了。
结论：因为X国家现在的人均收入是5000美元，所以X将来的垃圾倾倒问题会改善。
问题：ASSUMPTION——X的人均收入会保持继续上升，而不会下降

4.43s
为了让S国对R国的施压减少(less repressive)，R国决定禁止R对S的出口
因为电信制造业在施压减少的前提下不可能存在出口
结论：某些电信制造业公司说他们的产业应该豁免这种出口禁令
问题：ASSUMPTION——出口禁令能够使R对S施压减少

5.45s
1972有一个审查制度禁止发表批判政府的出版物
1972之后合法出版物又得通过一个新的审查制度
1972之前能发表占所有手稿的50%
1972之后的占手稿的25%
72之前和之后的发表数量是一样的
结论：（无，fact set）
问题：must be true——72之后的手稿总数增加了

===============================================================


初步回顾一下，发现大家对#1的A steer那句话都表示FT啊。。
我查了一下朗文，bala的理解是对的啊~~steer主要意思是转舵，延伸出了转变的意思。。


#2的信息量好大，每句话的变量感觉好多。。大家怎么处理这种变量特别多的stimulus的啊？？
#3相对没什么问题。。
#4好吧。。这题的conclusion就是bible上说的典型的【shell game trap】。。I fell。。。><看反了。。
#5再次陷入detail的trap，最后一个1/4代表的量的含义理解反了。【以后要注意not。】


迟些再来仔细分析。

抓抓sandra

在feifei里头找到了#1的题目和解说，大家有疑惑的可以看看哈~

58. Some people say that the scarcity of food is a function of the finite limits of the earth’s resources, coupled with a relentless rate of population growth. This analysis fails to recognize, however, that much of the world’s agricultural resources are used to feed livestock instead of people. In the United States, for example, almost one-half of the agricultural acreage is devoted to crops fed to livestock. A steer reduces twenty-one pounds of inexpensive grain to one pound of expensive meat. Thus, the scarcity of food is not merely a function of limited resources and population growth.

Which one of the following is an assumption that would allow the conclusion in the argument to be properly drawn?

A.    eople prefer eating meat to eating grain.
B.    Meat is twenty-one times more expensive than grain.
C.    The limits of the earth’s agricultural resources are not finite.
D.    More than one-half of the agricultural acreage in the United States is devoted to drops fed to humans.
E.    Growing crops for human consumption on the acreage currently devoted to crops for livestock will yield more food for more people.

E is the best answer. 喂养牲畜消耗的粮食为人们创造更多的食物。（题目内容是：有观点认为食物缺乏是因为土地资源有限而人口数量却不断增多。但作者认为该观点忽视了农产品中有相当大一部分是用来喂家畜的。在美国几乎有一半土地的粮食是为了养家畜。1磅肉要用去21磅廉价的谷物。因此，食物缺乏不仅是因为土地资源有限而人口数量却不断增多。）根据题目要求，我们只须反驳养家畜对粮食紧缺造成的影响。选项A中即使人们爱吃肉只会引起更多的粮食消耗，不能反驳作者; B并不能充分改变人们的取向；C强词夺理；D重复事实。