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紫书阅读第三篇即OG10版第43篇4个问题盼解答

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楼主
发表于 2006-6-2 22:16:00 | 只看该作者

紫书阅读第三篇即OG10版第43篇4个问题盼解答

 

第三篇

  Homeostasisan animal's maintenance of certain internal variables within an acceptable rangeparticularly in extreme physical environmentshas long interested biologistsThe desert rat and the camel in the most water-deprived environmentsand marine vertebrates in an all-water environmentencounter the same regulatory problemmaintaining adequate Internal fluid balance

    For desert rats and camelsthe problem is conservation of water in an environment where standing water is nonexistenttemperature is high, and humidity is lowDespite these handicaps, desert rats are able to maintain the osmotic pressure of their bloodas well as their total body water contentat approximately the same levels as other ratsone countermeasure is behavioralthese rats stay in burrows during ‘the hot part of the day, thus avoiding loss of fluid through panting or sweatingwhich are regulatory mechanisms for maintaining internal body temperature by evaporative cooling. Alsodesert rats’ kidneys can excrete a urine having twice as high a salt content as sea water

   Camelson the other handrely more on simple enduranceThey cannot store water, and their reliance on an entirely unexceptional kidney results in a rate of water loss through renal function significantly higher than that of desert ratsAs a resultcamels must tolerate losses in body water of up to thirty percent of their body weightNeverthelesscamels do rely on a special mechanism to keep water loss within a tolerable rangeby sweating and panting only when their body temperature exceeds that which would kill a humanthey conserve internal water

   Marine vertebrates experience difficulty with their water balance because though there is no shortage of seawater to drink, they must drink a lot of it to maintain their internal fluid balanceBut the excess salts from the seawater must be discharged somehowand the kidneys of most marine vertebrates are unable to excrete a urine in which the salts are more concentrated than in seawaterMost of these animals have special salt-secreting organs outside the kidney that enable them to eliminate excess salt.

 

Questions 12-15 refer to the passage above.

12 Which of the following most accurately states the purpose of the passage?

(A)  To compare two different approaches to the study of homeostasis

(B)  To summarize the findings of several studies regarding organisms maintenance of internal variables in extreme environments

(C)  To argue for a particular hypothesis regarding various organisms conservation of water in desert environments

(D)  To cite examples of how homeostasis is achieved by various organisms

(E)  To defend a new theory regarding the maintenance of adequate fluid balance


13
According to the passagethe camel maintains internal fluid balance in which of the following ways?

I  By behavioral avoidance of exposure to conditions that lead to fluid loss

II  By an ability to tolerate high body temperatures

III  By reliance on stored internal fluid supplies

(A)  I only

(B)  II only

(C)  I and II only

(D)  II and III only

(E)  I,II , and Ill


14
It can be inferred from the passage that some mechanisms that regulate internal body temperature t like sweating and panting, can lead to which of the following?

(A)  A rise in the external body temperature

(B)  A drop in the body's internal fluid level

(C)  A decrease i n the osmotic pressure of the blood

(D)  A decrease in the amount of renal water loss

(E)  A decrease in the urine's salt content


15
It can be inferred from the passage that the author characterizes the camel's kidney asentirely unexceptional(1ine 27)primarily to emphasize that it

(A)  functions much as the kidney of a rat functions

(B)  does not aid the camel in coping with the exceptional water loss resulting from the extreme conditions of its environment

(C)  does not enable the camel to excrete as much salt as do the kidneys of marine vertebrates

(D)  is similar in structure to the kidneys of most mammals living in water-deprived environments

(E)  requires the help of other organs in eliminating excess salt

 

第三篇的问题共4个问题

 

1)第一段第8encounter the same regulatory problem第二段20which are regulatory mechanisms这里的regulatory是什么意思呢,我试着译一下1encounter the same regulatory problem面临相同的调整问题,是这个意思吗?

2which are regulatory mechanisms这些都是调整机制,是这个意思吗?

通过看文章的全文内容,我猜有调控内部水分平衡的意思在里面。是这样吗?

 

 

232Neverthelessadv.尽管如此,不过,然而,

我的问题:Nevertheless在这里的语气是表示转折吗可我觉得按照这里上下文的意思看是进一步说明前面的30-32行这句话的As a resultcamels must tolerate losses in body water of up to thirty percent of their body weight因此,骆驼必须忍受身体的水分的损失直到身体重量30%,后面用Nevertheless,进一步说明  骆驼确实依靠一种特别的机制。。。。。。。camels do rely on a special mechanism to keep water loss within a tolerable range

 

322evaporative cooling,觉得这里有点有趣,evaporative形容词cool明明有名词词性,却用了动词词性现在分词的形式,有点不明白,能把这句用法分析一下吗

 

414A选项

(A)  A rise in the external body temperature

我的问题:外部的身体温度指的是老鼠和骆驼的身体表面皮肤和毛皮的温度吗???

说一下我当时做题的想法,我选这题的时候没选A但是我以为错在rise上,看了OG解释才知道是错在external上,文章讲的应该是内部温度,那内部温度指的是血管温度吗,内部温度与外部温度是怎么回事啊,还是外部温度是外部自然环境的温度呢???

这道题这里还有一个问题:?如果A选项变成A drop in the internal body temperature的话对不对,主要还是没的搞懂这个喘气和发汗之后,体内的水份变少了,那么身体内部的温度是下降???还是保持不变呢??

 

沙发
发表于 2006-6-3 13:18:00 | 只看该作者

我们的进度差不多呢?所以刚刚做完有些印象的..

2. 的确是个小转折。要不会有一点矛盾你。前面说“They cannot store water”,后面又说camels do rely on a special mechanism to keep water loss”体会一下吧。

板凳
 楼主| 发表于 2006-6-4 11:47:00 | 只看该作者

谢谢思故,顶一下,其它不会的,等牛牛解答。

地板
发表于 2006-6-4 19:54:00 | 只看该作者

1.your understanding is correct.其实任何一个抽象的词语放在文中理解更好。第一段最后一句话就是

解释了什么叫regulatory problem.

2.

Nevertheless 表示转折。但是语气不如however, but,强烈。它是在承认之前的观点表示轻度转折。从中文上来看,尽管如此,但是。。就能看出它对前面观点的承认。

 

3.不太明白你的问题。Cool好像没有名词性质吧?就算有,在这里它不如cooling 更加准确的表达了这种通过蒸发而降温的过程。比如说breath breathingBreathing更加强调吸气的这个动作和过程。

 

5#
发表于 2006-6-4 20:15:00 | 只看该作者

推断题要在文章中进行推断。此题推断的基础是 第三段最后一句话。

camels do rely on a special mechanism to keep water loss within a tolerable rangeby sweating and panting only when their body temperature exceeds that which would kill a humanthey conserve internal water

全文没有说关于external temperature的东东,所以无关啊。不过呢,你的理解是对的,external temperature指的是体表温度。而且mm的判断其实是对的,出汗确实能导致体表温度下降。从我们自身的经验能得出,但是切忌将个人经验放入文中作题啊!所以就算A is changed into a drop in the external temperature也不应该作为答案啊。

而从conserve这个词来看,肯定是要保持储存 internal fluid (体液)所以说骆驼们万不得已才出汗,因为出汗会导致体液的下降.

好佩服mm看书的仔细,想得很周到啊。我也是刚刚总结了下OG,不过都是粗略的看。mm的仔细让我惭愧。不过呢,通过这几个小问题我想说下自己的看法啦,其实也是自己这段时间的领悟,也许不见得对。除非时间特别充裕,可以字字推敲,总结还是最好能从大处着手,看结构。看reasoning line.这正如诸葛亮看书:观其大略,陶渊明读书不求甚解一样。我觉得这样的看书方法是很适合GMAT考试的。

不才,见笑,互勉:)

为啥我的字体这么大?:(


[此贴子已经被作者于2006-6-4 20:16:11编辑过]
6#
 楼主| 发表于 2006-6-4 22:31:00 | 只看该作者

谢谢MM,先谢后细看,

切忌将个人经验放入文中作题啊!,这个要牢记,

我也想看结构啊,可是我的阅读太差了。真不是一般的差啊。

我下周接着做OG阅读黄书,MM常来转转啊。

切忌将个人经验放入文中作题啊!,这个要牢记,

我也想看结构啊,可是我的阅读太差了。真不是一般的差啊。

我下周接着做OG阅读黄书,MM常来转转啊。

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