prep模考里关于semiconductor industry patent的一道题

shinichi1993

The system of patent-granting, which confers temporary monopolies for the exploitation of new technologies, was originally established as an incentive to the pursuit of risky new ideas. Yet studies of the most patent-conscious business of all—the semiconductor industry—suggest that firms do not necessarily become more innovative as they increase their patenting activity. Ziedonis and Hall, for example, found that investment in research and development (a reasonable proxy for innovation) did not substantially increase between 1982 and 1992, the industry’s most feverish period of patenting. Instead, semiconductor firms simply squeezed more patents out of existing research and development expenditures. Moreover, Ziedonis and Hall found that as patenting activity at semiconductor firms increased in the 1980’s, the consensus among industry employees was that the average quality of their firms’ patents declined. Though patent quality is a difficult notion to measure, the number of times a patent is cited in the technical literature is a reasonable yardstick, and citations per semiconductor patent did decline during the 1980’s. This decline in quality may be related to changes in the way semiconductor firms managed their patenting process: rather than patenting to win exclusive rights to a valuable new technology, patents were filed more for strategic purposes, to be used as bargaining chips to ward off infringement suites or as a means to block competitors’ products.




The passage is primarily concerned with discussing
A. a study suggesting that the semiconductor industry’s approach to patenting during the period from 1982 to 1992 yielded unanticipated results
B. a study of the semiconductor industry during the period from 1982 to 1992 that advocates certain changes in the industry’s management of the patenting process
C. the connection between patenting and innovation in the semiconductor industry during the period from 1982 to 1992
D. reasons that investment in research and development in the semiconductor industry did not increase significantly during the period from 1982 to 1992
E. certain factors that made the period from 1982 to 1992 a time of intensepatenting activity in the semiconductor industry

这题答案是C，为什么不选A呢？感觉是文章第一、二句的重述啊，我觉得文章通篇讨论的并不是关系，而是解释吧……

shinichi1993

默默顶一下……

Kevinzhan

段落大意：授予专利最开始是促使创新，但研究表明并非如此——Z&H发现在申请专利活动最火的时候，公司减少了专利方面的投资；moreover，专利的质量也下降了——专利质量下降的原因：专利与公司战略（而不是新技术）联系更紧。

A 公司使用专利时产生了意想不到的结果。错误（公司管理专利的过程变了，从之前的“促使创新”到现在的“与公司战略联系”，并未提及公司这一战略是否产生了意想不到的结果——如转变之后公司变得更强大了等等）
C 专利与创新的关系。正确——两者的关系没之前那么紧密了。

选A的想法来自于“unanticipated results”。但意想不到应该是大家针对对半导体公司的这一战略转变而说的。

另外，从前两句也可以看出该段的大意
The system of patent-granting, which confers temporary monopolies for the exploitation of new technologies, was originally established as an incentive to the pursuit of risky new ideas. Yet studies of the most patent-conscious business of all—the semiconductor industry—suggest that firms do not necessarily become more innovative as they increase their patenting activity.

第一句：The system of patent-granting   ——  originally established——pursuit of risky new ideas
第二句：necessarily become more innovative——as they increase their patenting activity
第一句确定两者原来的关系，第二句用一个实例否定这种关系。

shinichi1993

谢谢你！！！！

一粒黄豆。

段落大意：授予专利最开始是促使创新，但研究表明并非如此——Z&H发现在申请专利活动最火的时候，公司减少了专利方面的投资；moreover，专利的质量也下降了——专利质量下降的原因：专利与公司战略（而不是新技术）联系更紧。

A 公司使用专利时产生了意想不到的结果。错误（公司管理专利的过程变了，从之前的“促使创新”到现在的“与公司战略联系”，并未提及公司这一战略是否产生了意想不到的结果——如转变之后公司变得更强大了等等）
C 专利与创新的关系。正确——两者的关系没之前那么紧密了。

选A的想法来自于“unanticipated results”。但意想不到应该是大家针对对半导体公司的这一战略转变而说的。

另外，从前两句也可以看出该段的大意
The system of patent-granting, which confers temporary monopolies for the exploitation of new technologies, was originally established as an incentive to the pursuit of risky new ideas. Yet studies of the most patent-conscious business of all—the semiconductor industry—suggest that firms do not necessarily become more innovative as they increase their patenting activity.

第一句：The system of patent-granting   ——  originally established——pursuit of risky new ideas
第二句：necessarily become more innovative——as they increase their patenting activity
第一句确定两者原来的关系，第二句用一个实例否定这种关系。

-- by 会员 Kevinzhan (2012/12/2 17:25:52)

神解答！ 我今天刚好prep做到这个，毫不犹豫的选A，然后悲剧了。。。。。之前做gwd的时候，好不容易说服自己答案是A的。。。。。

cuteyaoyao

Kevinzhan 发表于 2012-12-2 17:25
段落大意：授予专利最开始是促使创新，但研究表明并非如此——Z&H发现在申请专利活动最火的时候，公司减少 ...

Thank you!

sujoker

这题到底是选哪个??怎么GWD上是A

LeLeLeLeisyes

这题GWD的解释是A哦，