大家看一下这两道逻辑题 纠结啊

sweetchaco

16.During the Second World War, about 375,000 civilians died in the United States and about 408,000 members of the United States armed forces died overseas. On the basis of those figures, it can be concluded that it was not much more dangerous to be overseas in the armed forces during the Second World War than it was to stay at home as a civilian.

Which of the following would reveal most clearly the absurdity of the conclusion drawn above?

(A) Counting deaths among members of the armed forces who served in the United States in addition to deaths among members of the armed forces serving overseas

(B) Expressing the difference between the numbers of deaths among civilians and members of the armed forces as a percentage of the total number of deaths

(C) Separating deaths caused by accidents during service in the armed forces from deaths caused by combat injuries

(D) Comparing death rates per thousand members of each group rather than comparing total numbers of deaths（D）

(E) Comparing deaths caused by accidents in the United States to deaths caused by combat in the armed forces

17.One state adds a 7 percent sales tax to the price of most products purchased within its jurisdiction. This tax, therefore, if viewed as tax on income, has the reverse effect of the federal income tax: the lower the income, the higher the annual percentage rate at which the income is taxed.

The conclusion above would be properly drawn if which of the following were assumed as a premise?

(A) The amount of money citizens spend on products subject to the state tax tends to be equal across income levels.

(B) The federal income tax favors citizens with high incomes, whereas the state sales tax favors citizens with low incomes.

(C) Citizens with low annual incomes can afford to pay a relatively higher percentage of their incomes in state sales tax, since their federal income tax is relatively low.

(D) The lower a state’s sales tax, the more it will tend to redistribute income from the more affluent citizens to the rest of society.（A）

(E) Citizens who fail to earn federally taxable income are also exempt from the state sales tax.
第17题不知道答案为什么说是每千分之 题目里面怎么看出来是千分之呢？
第18题题意我就没看懂啊

cdwayne

16 (D) 只是說用人數來看有誤導，應該用比例才對，每千分是比例的概念，每百也可以的。


17 某國在最常消費的產品上多課7%的稅，若以所得稅的觀點將使得收入低的族群繳較多的稅(而這是違反所得稅精神的) 這題由答案回來看個人覺得應該問支持比假設好一點，
(A) 同一稅率層級的人，無論收入多少其消費重點產品的額度都一樣。

sweetchaco

我从这里有点不懂 if viewed as tax on income, has the reverse effect of the federal income tax: the lower the income, the higher the annual percentage rate at which the income is taxed.这里说的有reverse effect of the federal income tax后面有个冒号 冒号后面的内容是针对 federal income tax还是state tax呢?

christinaryt

16.用不通地方的死亡人数 推导出更危险， 弱点：总参与人数是多少， （eg.去一个死一个，和去10000个死10个，就不能说明前者比后者安全）

17.先说：收税是收的product（暂当成消费税），那么收入越低的人，交税占其收入的比例就越大（即收入少了但税没少交），所以  前提应该是：同一收入层（即税率一致）的citizen,买东西花的一样（即消费税交的一样）

sweetchaco

我好像有点开窍了.......