麻烦哪位高手帮我解释一下这道逻辑题

candybobo711

A product that represents a clear technological advance over competing products can generally command a high price.  Because technological advances tend to be quickly surpassed and companies want to make large profits while they still can, many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a product.  But large profits on the new product will give competitors a strong incentive to quickly match the mew product’s capabilities.  Consequently, the strategy to maximize overall profit from a new product is to charge less than the greatest possible price.
In the argument above, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
A. The first is an assumption that forms the basis for a course of action that the argument criticizes; the second presents the course of action endorsed by the argument.
B. The first is a consideration raised to explain the appeal of a certain strategy; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy.
C. The first is an assumption that has been used to justify a certain strategy; the second is a consideration that is used to cast doubt on that assumption.
D. The first is a consideration raised in support of a strategy the argument endorses; the second presents grounds in support of that consideration.
E.The first is a consideration raised to show that adopting a certain strategy is unlikely to achieve the intended effect; the second is presented to explain the appeal of that strategy.

Politician

A for sure?

candybobo711

Answer: B

sdcar2010

B) The first is a consideration raised to explain the appeal of a certain strategy; the second is a consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy.

Strategy : many companies charge the greatest price the market will bear when they have such a (high-tech) product

Consideration raised to explain the appeal of the above strategy: boldface part 1

consideration raised to call into question the wisdom of adopting that strategy: boldface part 2

sdcar2010

Based on the stimulus, the companies have one goal in mind, namely, to make as large a profit as possible. Then the argument is revolving around two different strategies for achieving that goal.

The first strategy is to set the price of the high-tech product as high as possible in a given market. To explain the reason for this stategy, the argument cites that eventally the new technology will be outdated and a company has to reap the profit fast. However, the first strategy is rejected on the ground that, setting such a high price will attract competitors into the market more quickly, decrease the market share of the first company, and will thus lead to smaller profits in the long run. In the end, the argument endorses a second strategy: namely, charging a price that is somewhat lower than the maximum possible price.

candybobo711

Thanks a lot for your explanation. I understand! many thanks...

candybobo711

A company plans to develop a prototype weeding machine that uses cutting blades with optical sensors and microprocessors that distinguish weeds from crop plants by differences in shade of color.  The inventor of the machine claims that it will reduce labor costs by virtually eliminating the need for manual weeding.



Which of the following is a consideration in favor of the company’s implementing its plan to develop the prototype?



A. There is a considerable degree of variation in shade of color between weeds of different species.

B. The shade of color of some plants tends to change appreciably over the course of their growing season.

C. When crops are weeded manually, overall size and leaf shape are taken into account in distinguishing crop plants from weeds.

D. Selection and genetic manipulation allow plants of virtually any species to be economically bred to have a distinctive shade of color without altering their other characteristics.

E. Farm laborers who are responsible for the manual weeding of crops carry out other agricultural duties at times in the growing season when extensive weeding is not necessary.

sdcar2010

For the weeding machine to be successful, there has to be a difference in shads of color between crop plants and weeds.

Answer D provides a technique with which we might produce crop plants with a distinctive shade of color to be different from any weeds known.