请教两道题~~~

weiyihantime

Q15:

The city of Workney, in raising bus fares from $1.00 to $1.25, proposed that 18 fare tokens be sold for $20.00 to alleviate the extra burden of the fare increase on the city’s low-income residents.  Critics suggested alternatively that 9 fare tokens be sold for $10.00, because a $20.00 outlay would be prohibitive for low-income riders.

 

The alternative proposal depends on which of the following assumptions?

 

1. Low-income residents of Workney will continue to ride the buses in the same numbers despite the fare increase.
2. Low-income riders would be more likely to take advantage of the savings afforded by the 9-token offer than would other riders.
3. The outlay of $10.00 for the purchase of 9 fare tokens would not be prohibitive for low-income bus riders.
4. The proposed fare increase is needed for the purchase of new buses for the city’s bus system.
5. Buses provide the only means of public transportation in the city of Workney.

   Answer: BC

 

 

Q19:

Environmental organizations want to preserve the land surrounding the Wilgrinn Wilderness Area from residential development.  They plan to do this by purchasing that land from the farmers who own it.  That plan is ill-conceived:  if the farmers did sell their land, they would sell it to the highest bidder, and developers would outbid any other bidders.  On the other hand, these farmers will never actually sell any of the land, provided that farming it remains viable.  But farming will not remain viable if the farms are left unmodernized, and most of the farmers lack the financial resources modernization requires.  And that is exactly why a more sensible preservation strategy would be to assist the farmers to modernize their farms to the extent needed to maintain viability.

 

In the argument as a whole, the two boldface proportions play which of the following roles?

 

1. The first presents a goal that the argument rejects as ill-conceived; the second is evidence that is presented as grounds for that rejection.
2. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes cannot be attained; the second is a reason offered in support of that conclusion.
3. The first presents a goal that the argument concludes can be attained; the second is a judgment disputing that conclusion.
4. The first presents a goal, strategies for achieving which are being evaluated in the argument; the second is a judgment providing a basis for the argument’s advocacy of a particular strategy.
5. The first presents a goal that the argument endorses; the second presents a situation that the argument contends must be changed if that goal is to be met in the foreseeable future.

   Answer: AD

 有人能帮我解答下吗？红色为正确答案~