两道上难度的weaken题，一起来品鉴一下--From CR700-800

irissunflower

1.     Recently, many critics of the U.S. governmenthave pointed out that this country is the only industrializednation without(what critic based on) a national vaccinelaboratory and suggested that this lack makes the American public morevulnerable than other(compared with similar countries) advanced nations to diseases such as avian flu orother flu epidemics. When asked at a press conference, a government officialsaid these critics were disloyal and thus wrong(#1) about the public’svulnerability. To support his claim, he cited the international pre-eminence ofAmerican doctors and hospitals(#2)as well as the middle ranking(#3)of the United States among United Nation member nations in the healthcategories of infant mortality, life span, and nutrition. He also added thatall of the Europeans that he knew preferred to undergo major medical treatments(#4) in the United States rather than in the socialized medical systems in place intheir home countries. All of the following are flaws in the official’s logicEXCEPT:
• The official accepts that the quality of physicians and hospitals is a majorfactor, albeit not the only one, affecting the public’s vulnerability todisease.
• The critics could be disloyal but not wrong.
• The Europeans that the official cited are overwhelmingly wealthy males overthe age of fifty.
• The official relies on health statistics that are based on a completeaccounting of deaths, injuries, and illnesses suffered by the American publicfrom all causes, including the ten percent attributable to infectious diseases.
• The UN health ranking that the official cited is based on an almost completesurvey of the nations of the world.

2.  Thecurrent administration and Congress have once again practiced bad public policyin failing to increase Pell grants or at least limit their reduction for nextyear’s budget. (结论)Pell grants improve access to higher education for those who havehistorically been disadvantaged in our society by financial or other lifecircumstances, thereby helping recipients elevate themselves to the middleclass. Without that access, the gap between the rich and poor in this countrywill continue to widen, increasingly straining the stability of our democracy. Whichof the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion of thisargument?

      • Total spending on programs targeted at improving access to higher educationfor disadvantaged students will increase in next year’s federal budget.
      • The neediest candidates for Pell grants often lack information about theireligibility for such grants.
      • Congress recently authorized a bill that will increase after-school programsin urban communities.
      • On average, an individual Pell grant funds less than 15% of the full cost ofattending a four-year college or university.
      • Federal spending on education for next year will increase as a percentage ofthe total budget.

OA: A; A

irissunflower

第一道题（）内都是楼主的笔记，请忽略。。。