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[size=12.000000pt]Editor: Articles in Gardening Magazine often spur sales of the plants theydescribe, particularly among people new to gardening. Accordingly, we will nolonger publish articles or accept advertisements praising the beauty of rarewildflowers. Most such plants sold to gardeners have been difficult topropagate under cultivation, so plant sellers often collect them in the wild. Ournew policy is part of our efforts to halt this yearly plundering of our native plantpopulations. [size=12.000000pt]Which of the following, if true, casts the most doubt on the wisdom of themagazine's new policy as a way of pursuing the intended effect?
(A) When people new to gardening buy plants, they often fail to take adequatecare of the plants that they buy and become discouraged from buying thosevarieties again.
(B) Plant sellers who sell rare wildflowers have no reasonably inexpensivealternative way to offer their wares directly to new gardeners.
(C) The demand for rare wildflowers rarely exceeds the number of such plantsthat can be collected in the wild by plant sellers.
(D) The propagation of rare wildflowers often depends on the plants' interactionwith other organisms in their environment, such as plants that create suitablesoil conditions or insects and birds that disperse seeds.
(E) Revenues from sales of plants collected in the wild are supporting thediscovery of new low-cost techniques enabling rare wildflowers to be readilypropagated in nurseries.
先看题目分析,这道题是方案推理模式
方案:no longer publish articles or accept advertisements praising the beauty of rare wildflower(杂志社不再为这些wildflower做宣传)
目标:halt this yearly plundering of our native plant populations.(停止人们对这种植物的掠夺)
题目问的是削弱。在看选项之前通过分析推理模式可以得出答案应该是以下几个方向:1)该方案不能够成功实施 。2)该方案不可以达到相应目标。3)该方案实施后会有一些不好的后果(副作用)(通过以上三个方向可以看出答案应该集中在方案上,也就是说要和方案有关)
另外在做方案推理题时还需特别注意如果给出了实现目标的另一个方案则不能对原方案构成削弱(除非给出的另一个方案和原方案有关系,例如新方案的提出暗含了旧方案不可行,比如说新方案是实现目标的唯一方案等)
A项,意思是:新手们买花后一般对花照料不足,之后就不会再想买了。这个选项给出了实现目标的另一种情况,且这种情况和原方案无关,对原方案构不成削弱,所以不选。
B项,选项中出现了明显了no和inexpensive这种否定词,这时最简单的办法是取反,否则思维要多绕一道弯不利于解题,题目问削弱,那如果取反后能加强则是正确选项。取反后意为:卖花的人有其它便宜可行的方式来直接卖给消费者(并不一定非要杂志的宣传才能卖出)。取反后抵消了方案对wildflower销售的影响,削弱了方案,所以B项本身是加强选项,所以不能选。
C项,意思是这种花在市场上是处于demand<supply的情况的,即供大于求,不属于答案的任何一个方向,无关
D项,这种花的繁殖经常依靠和环境中其它生物的interaction,不属于答案的任何一个方向,无关。
E项,这个选项比较有争议,它的意思是说卖野生植物的收入正在用以支持研究wildflower的低成本人工培育技术。有的解析说,人工培育技术的发展会使市场上的这种花多起来,所以人们就不会再去掠夺野生的wildflower,即还有其它方式也能达到这种目标,所以并不能构成有效削弱,因为它只是说了达到目标的另一种情况并没有否定题目中提到的方案就不可行。以上是我刚开始的想法,把E给排除了,但发现没有正确选项了。。。。后来想想明白了,如果要从以上分析的“提出另一种方案”的角度来理解也可以,但通过读选项我们知道这个所谓的另一种方案并不是独立存在的,它和原方案是有联系的,那就是选项中的方案所依靠的收入受到原方案的影响,所以本选项还是和原方案有关的,所以应该留着还不能排除,再进一步想,原方案执行后,收入减少,选项中的方案无法执行,即无法研究出培育技术,那对于wildflower来说肯定是不利的,即原方案的执行产生了一个副作用,所以削弱了原方案,E是正确选项。所以要通过另一种方案排除时一定要注意这个方案和原方案是否有关系,只有在完全无关的情况下才能排除。
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