逻辑题错题整理2

早安蚂蚁_Anna

三、假定题

1，Scientists have found that when very overweightpersons, who tend to have relatively low metabolic rates, lose weight primarilythrough dieting, their metabolisms generally not changed. They will thereforeburn significantly fewer calories at the new weight than do persons whoseweight is normally at that level. Hence, such newly thin persons willultimately regain weight until their body size again matches their metabolicrate.

The conclusion ofthe argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?

A.   Relativelyfew very overweight persons who have dieted down to a new weight tend tocontinue to consume substantially fewer calories than do persons whose normalweight is at that level.

B.   Themetabolisms of persons who are usually not overweight are much more able tovary than the metabolisms of persons who have been very overweight.

C.   Theamount of calories that a person usually burns in a day is determined more bythe amount that is consumed that day than by the current weight of the person.

D.   Scientistshave not yet determined whether the metabolic rates of formerly very overweightpersons can be accelerated by means of chemical agents.

E.    Becauseof the steadiness of their metabolic rates, persons who are at their usualweight normally have as much difficulty gaining weight as they do losing it.

答案：

1， A。

错误的选择了D，但是这种假设其实是属于新概念。题目原意是，科学家发现肥胖人群即使通过节食减肥，他们的新陈代谢率没有提高，所以他们对新吃进去的卡路里消耗比正常人更低，最终导致他们回到原来的体重。问这个结论中间缺了什么假定前提。所以A比较符合，意思是假定这些以前肥胖人在节食减肥成功之后并没有减少对卡路里的摄入。没有选对的原因是对Few不敏感，所以意思上产生相反的意思。错误选择了D，意思是科学家判定出是否有化学药剂可以加快肥胖人群的新陈代谢率，这是一个第三者概念，在原逻辑中并不存在。C和E的假设对原文结论刚好起了相反的作用。总结，选错还是因为对英文中倒装用法的不敏感，few前置的语法表示否定。