OG13 24 题 vs pre-86

taft

两道题神似，但答案千差万别，这里贴出pre的原题，请各位帮忙看下

Whichof the following most logically completes the passage?

Concernedabout the financial well-being of its elderly citizens, the government ofRunagia decided two years ago to increase by 20 percent the government-providedpension paid to all Runagians over 65. Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible, and the increasehas been duly received by all eligible Runagians.  Nevertheless, many of them are no better offfinancially than they were before the increase, in large part because__________.

A.they rely entirely on the government pension for their income

B.Runagian banks are so inefficient that it can take up to three weeks to cash apension check

C.they buy goods whose prices tend to rise especially fast in times of inflation

D.the pension was increased when the number of elderly Runagians below thepoverty level reached an all-time high

E.in Runagia children typically supplement the income of elderly parents, butonly by enough to provide them with a comfortable living

OA: E

OG13的答案是C

THX in advance.

taft

小猪快跑莉 发表于 2014-9-7 23:37
我认为OG的24关键是在于问题的题干，他说的 in light of the further information ,也就是暗示咱们要考虑 ...

你对两道题的解释有一定道理哈。

我理解的因果推理，就是选项中会出现两种情况：1. 答案涉及题目中的原因，这些原因要么导致其他结果，要么会导致第三种中间结果或者说的干扰因素，使结论不成立，即削弱；如果在assumption题中那就排除以上的因素；2. 答案涉及它因，建立与结论的因果关系，那么就会削弱原有的因果关系，这在一些 结论与奇怪的现象相反的题中会经常遇到(如surprisingly, however...)

不过做题的时候可没有这么多的时间去分析啊。

小猪快跑莉

taft 发表于 2014-9-7 22:59
在OG中也说了 ：The annual rate of inflation since the pension increase has been below 5 percent
  ...

我认为OG的24关键是在于问题的题干，他说的 in light of the further information ,也就是暗示咱们要考虑inflation ...而prep 则说了可以忽略inflation ..
即OG的前提 因是： 通货膨胀在5% 和duly received
          结论 果是 大多数老年人没有更富有
prep 的前提 因 是：增加养老金20%
          结论 果是  大多数老年人没有更富有
我个人把它跟果因推理看做一致，只不过是反过来。。果因推理理论是一定要涉及果，也就是在因果里要涉及因。这样看，OGC解释了为什么通货率5%，但是老年人没有更富有。而prep E涉及养老金的增加。。。
我的因果题错的概率也很多。。这道题我自己一开始也选C，这是根据答案自己又这么理解的。。你怎么认为因果推理呢？

taft

小猪快跑莉 发表于 2014-9-7 22:27
prep08（73~125题）里面的第86题，答案是E。。。87是同一题的变体，但答案一样。。C选项，同意楼上说的，题 ...

在OG中也说了 ：The annual rate of inflation since the pension increase has been below 5 percent
那inflation是不是也不应该考虑了呢？ 这和pre的应该相似吧，都排除了inflation的因素。

另外问下你是怎么把握因果推理的，我看pre笔记里说因果推理最简单，但我在这类题里最容易错呢，

小猪快跑莉

prep08（73~125题）里面的第86题，答案是E。。。87是同一题的变体，但答案一样。。C选项，同意楼上说的，题目中已经说了inflation has been negligible...,所以物价的问题不应该考虑
OG 24
Plan: Concerned about the welfare of its senior citizens,
the government of Runagia decided two years ago to
increase by 20 percent the government-provided
pension paid to all Runagians age sixty-five and older.
Result: Many Runagian senior citizens are no better off
financially now than they were before the increase.
Further information: The annual rate of inflation since
the pension increase has been below 5 percent, and
the increased pension has been duly received by all
eligible Runagians.
In light of the further information, which of the
following, if true, does most to explain the result that
followed implementation of the plan?
(A)  The majority of senior citizens whose financial
position has not improved rely entirely on the
government pension for their income.
(B)  The Runagian banking system is so inefficient
that cashing a pension check can take as much
as three weeks.
(C)  The prices of goods and services that meet the
special needs of many senior citizens have
increased at a rate much higher than the rate of
inflation.
(D)  The pension increase occurred at a time when
the number of Runagians age sixty-five and older
who were living below the poverty level was at
an all-time high.
(E)  The most recent pension increase was only the
second such increase in the last ten years.
OG13 24题，逻辑跟08 的第86一致的。。个人认为都是因果推理。。都是需要找一个能说明senior citizens 没有better off的原因。。在PREP中，题目给了提示，inflation  has been negligible,故此题中C就不予考虑。。而在OG13中，题目说了 in light of further information..即要根据这个inflation rate 和duly received 来解释为什么没有达到预期效果，C从inflation rate的角度解释了原因。。故选C 。 个人这么理解的。。不知道大家是否有更好的想法。。

angellove127

答案是E吧。C都已经和题目中的 Inflation in the intervening period has been negligible相悖了