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[逻辑小分队] 每日逻辑练习第三季【1-3】

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发表于 2012-2-23 21:54:45 | 只看该作者 回帖奖励 |正序浏览 |阅读模式
今天轮到warm出题。有什么格式问题请truf和daisyMM指教~!

关于练习的问题:
计时是计看题干和题目的时间,先不看选项。

精练题的步骤是:

1. 计时看问题和题干,一般在45s内。
2. 不看选项、不看题干按自己的理解写出逻辑链(逻辑链是需要思考提炼的,不是简单的复制粘贴题干内容哦)
3. 合理推测正确选项的可能方向
4. 看选项,选出正确答案
5. 校对答案,对错误选项给出错误原因和类型的解释,对正确选项分析其与题干逻辑链的关系。


关于练习还有什么不清楚的地方可以跟帖问我们噢,不用害羞哈哈,这里鼓励提出问题。

There is relatively little room for growth in the



overall carpet market, which is tied to the size of the



population. Most who purchase carpet do so only



once or twice, first in their twenties or thirties, and



then perhaps again in their fifties or sixties. Thus as



the population ages, companies producing carpet



will be able to gain market share in the carpet market



only through purchasing competitors, and not



through more aggressive marketing.



Which one of the following, if true, casts the most



doubt on the conclusion above?







(A) Most of the major carpet producers market



other floor coverings as well.



(B) Most established carpet producers market



several different brand names and varieties,



and there is no remaining niche in the



market for new brands to fill.



(C) Two of the three mergers in the industry’s last



ten years led to a decline in profits and



revenues for the newly merged companies.



(D) Price reductions, achieved by cost-cutting in



production, by some of the dominant firms



in the carpet market are causing other



producers to leave the market altogether.



(E) The carpet market is unlike most markets in



that consumers are becoming increasingly

resistant to new patterns and styles.





2

In comparison to the standard typewriter keyboard, the EFCO keyboard, which places the most-used keys nearest the typist's strongest fingers, allows faster typing and results in less fatigue.Therefore, replacement of standard keyboards with the EFCO keyboard will result in an immediate reduction of typing costs.



Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the conclusion drawn above?



(A) People who use both standard and EFCO keyboards report greater difficulty in the transition from the EFCO keyboard to the standard keyboard than in the transition from the standard keyboard to the EFCO keyboard.

(B) EFCO keyboards are no more expensive to manufacture than are standard keyboards and require less frequent repair than do standard keyboards.

(C) The number of businesses and government agencies that use EFCO keyboards is increasing each year.

(D) The more training and experience an employee has had with the standard keyboard, the more costly it is to train that employee to use the EFCO keyboard.

(E) Novice typists can learn to use the EFCO keyboard in about the same amount of time it takes them to learn to use the standard keyboard.





3

The recent decline in the value of the dollar was triggered by a prediction of slower economic growth in the coming year.But that prediction would not have adversely affected the dollar had it not been for the government's huge budget deficit, which must therefore be decreased to prevent future currency declines.



Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion about how to prevent future currency declines?



(A) The government has made little attempt to reduce the budget deficit.

(B) The budget deficit has not caused a slowdown in economic growth.

(C) The value of the dollar declined several times in the year prior to the recent prediction of slower economic growth.

(D) Before there was a large budget deficit, predictions of slower economic growth frequently caused declines in the dollar's value.

(E) When there is a large budget deficit, other events in addition to predictions of slower economic growth sometimes trigger declines in currency value.





4

Certain messenger molecules fight damage to the lungs from noxious air by telling the muscle cells encircling the lungs' airways to contract.This partially seals off the lungs.An asthma attack occurs when the messenger molecules are activated unnecessarily, in response to harmless things like pollen or household dust.



Which of the following, if true, points to the most serious flaw of a plan to develop a medication that would prevent asthma attacks by blocking receipt of any messages sent by the messenger molecules referred to above?



(A) Researchers do not yet know how the body produces the messenger molecules that trigger asthma attacks.

(B) Researchers do not yet know what makes one person's messenger molecules more easily activated than another's.

(C) Such a medication would not become available for several years, because of long lead times in both development and manufacture.

(D) Such a medication would be unable to distinguish between messages triggered by pollen and household dust and messages triggered by noxious air.

(E) Such a medication would be a preventative only and would be unable to alleviate an asthma attack once it had started.





5

Although fullerenes--spherical molecules made entirely of carbon--were first found in the laboratory, they have since been found in nature, formed in fissures of the rare mineral shungite.Since laboratory synthesis of fullerenes requires distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure, this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.



Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

(A) Confirming that the shungite genuinely contained fullerenes took careful experimentation.

(B) Some fullerenes have also been found on the remains of a small meteorite that collided with a spacecraft.

(C) The mineral shungite itself contains large amounts of carbon, from which the fullerenes apparently formed.

(D) The naturally occurring fullerenes are arranged in a previously unknown crystalline structure.

(E) Shungite itself is formed only under distinctive conditions.







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14#
发表于 2012-2-28 16:06:30 | 只看该作者
54s
Background: there is little growth of market room for carpet company which is tied to the population of customers
Premise: because people often buy once or twice carpet in their whole life first in 20-30 second in 50-60
Conclusion: so the carpet company can only gain more profits buy purchase their competitors
Not through more 给力 marketing
思路 除了 收购竞争者还有其他的方法去获取利润 注意其中 only

D

25S
Premise : a new type keyboard was designed more efficient and less fatigue
Conclusion replacing old keyboard with new type keyboard will reduce typing costs.
思路 当人们已经习惯旧键盘的时候重新适应新键盘需要时间 这其中就增加了 时间上的 costs
D

1 02
background : decline in dollars was triggered by a prediction of slower growth
The prediction won’t work if the government’s huge budget deficit doesn’t happen

思路 如果有其他因素导致prediction的产生
D

48s
Background molecules can give message to the lungs of allergic airto prevent asthma
Premise when the molecules failed to response to harmless things,the asthma will happen
Conclusion a medicine can be made by blocking message sent by molecules to prevent asthma
思路 有时候这么做的话会有其他有可能造成 asthma的情况产生

D

1 00
Background: f was first found in lab. But it was found in the nature formed in a kind of mineral…
Premise: since lab.synthesis of f needs different conditions
Conclusion this discovery will give scientist a chance to test the hypotheses about the state of…
思路 实验室发现的F 与在自然中发现的F 在关键上有不同处 无法准确协助科学家完成 test
D
+++++++++++++++++++++++

同补作业 但是答案在哪儿呢。。。
13#
发表于 2012-2-27 00:49:38 | 只看该作者
补作业
bibile: 33'
P: carpet market is limited to a range of  consumers not purchase that often
C: market cannot be expand to other area
weaken: produce other kind of carpet that allow repeat purchase, like small ones for the bathroon
answer:A

2,20'
P: e keyboard allow faster typing
C: replace with e keyboard will reduce typing cost
weaken: other reason to raise the cost, like expensive worker
answer

3.more than 60' (what means by"had it not been "?)
P:  recession prediction trigger the dollar value decline
C: recession prediction without a huge budget deficit will not affect dollar??????cutting budget could prevent dollar value decline?( totally confused ,sori)
weaken: something about relationship with budget , recession and dollar value
answer: D

4.45’
P:asthma caused by messenger cell
C: asthma could be prevent by block it
weaken: block may cause other effect  
answer: D

5.
P: F had made in lab under special condition
C: natural F can tell the condition of earth of its era
weaken: lab is different with nature,
answer: D
12#
发表于 2012-2-25 14:22:33 | 只看该作者
迟到党来鸟~~


2. Premise: EFCO比普通键盘更好用、更快
Conclusion:换成EFCO减少成本
思路:要更熟练就有training, more costly    D


3. Premise: 缓慢的经济增长造成dollars贬值
Conclusion:减少budget deficit可以阻止dollar贬值
思路:gap:budget deficit与缓慢的经济增长的关系   B


4. Premise: messenger molecules fight noxious air by telling the muscle cells
Conclusion:哮喘发作时messenger molecules是不必要的,比如对一些harmless things like pollen和household dust
思路:找medication的缺点。。不可以分辨这3种情况即可   D


5. Premise: F在大自然和实验室都发现过,在实验室require特殊的条件
Conclusion:因为在实验室require特殊的条件,此发现让地质学家去test地壳天然形成的F
思路:用实验室的去test nature。。找区别证明不可行(C和D犹豫了好久)  D
11#
发表于 2012-2-25 01:16:40 | 只看该作者
1.41s
Premise: carpet市场增长空间很小,它和人口基数相关,每个人一生就买一到两次
Conclusion: carpet厂家通过收购竞争对手占有市场而非进取市场
思路:有其他方式占有市场或否定该方式
答案:D

2.25s
Premise: EFCO键盘把用的最多的放在最有力的指头附近造成了更少的疲劳
Conclusion:用EFCO代替标准键盘可以马上减少typing cost
思路:切断因果,减少疲劳并不减少typing costs
答案:D

3.45s
Premise:刀的贬值来源于下一年经济缓慢增速的预期
Conclusion:预期不会给政府巨大预算赤字造成危害,因为赤字为了避免继续贬值必须下降
思路:切断因果
答案:D

4.1’13s
Premise:在有污染时asthma会进行攻击,造成messenger molecules非常规运动
Conclusion:可以通过药物切断messenger molecules发出信号来躲避asthma袭击
思路:该种方式有更大的危害
答案:E

5.1’20s
Premise:fullerenes有在自然中被发现,因为其需要特定温度和压强
Conclusion:地址学家需要研究下地壳环境
思路:该物质生成不在地壳
答案:B
10#
发表于 2012-2-24 22:56:40 | 只看该作者
1
前提:地毯市场没有什么增长的。在地毯市场人们通常都只是买一次或者2次,一次是20,30岁,一次是在40,50岁。
结论:地毯市场要增加市场不是通过市场份额,而是通过拿下竞争者。
预测结论:地毯是通过市场增加的销售。
A
2
前提:相对于一种键盘标准的,一种E键盘能打字更快
结论:用E代替标准键盘更能省钱。
预测结论:E比标准更贵
D
3
前提:美元的下降是由于经济的缓慢造成的。
结论:这个预测不会太大的影响美国的负债,导致未来价值的贬值。
D
4
前提:一种分子对付有毒空气对肺的感染,通过感染肺附近的空气
结论:当分子无害的时候,哮喘也会发生
预测:这种药是针对有害的
D
5
背景:一种神马分子,第一次在实验室发现,但是也在自然界中发现过。
前提:因为在实验室中这种分子需要唯一的压力和温度的条件
结论:可以用实验的假设去探索自然界中的。
D
9#
发表于 2012-2-24 22:45:41 | 只看该作者
1.Premise: 一生只有两次购买
 Conclulsion:要达到扩大市场,只能通过兼并
 Weaken:他因导致扩大市场                                                         (D)
2.Bachground: EFCO能省力、省时
  Premise:用EFCO换普通键盘
  Conclusion:能迅速降低成本
  Background:因果割断,不能导致省成本                                     (D)
3. government deficit  decrease--------------prediction of slower growth----------value of dollar decrease
   Conclusion:应提高government deficit ,value of dollar就提高了
  Weaken:原因推不出来                                                                 (D)
4. Premise:message active unnecessary--------------------asthma
  Conclusion:A medicine can pool down the activity, can cure the asthma
  Weaken: 该原因导致其他                                                               (D)
5.Premise: Lab 特殊条件-----------F的生长
               S自然条件---------------F的生长
 Conclusion:自然条件中存在Lab条件
 Weaken:    其他原因导致存在,不能确定                                      (C)
8#
发表于 2012-2-24 21:58:16 | 只看该作者
1.1分12秒
P:买C一个人一生只买2次
C: 获得市场份额只有通过兼并,而不是营销
可能:营销也很重要
选:D

2.25秒
P:EFCO的键盘可以使人减少疲劳
C:换EFCO键盘可以减少成本
可能:EFCO可以增加成本
选:D

3.1分28秒
BG:最近货币币值是由明年经济减速的预测而引起的
P:政府没有大的赤字
C:预测不会消极影响货币
可能:不知道
选:B 断了逻辑链

4.1分03
P:M分子阻隔有毒空气来保护肺 有时候M分子被没有必要的开启了 例如花粉 灰尘
目的:组织A进攻
手段:阻隔任何M分子的接触物
选:D

5.1分47 还是没读懂
蒙一个:B
7#
发表于 2012-2-24 21:11:28 | 只看该作者
1
Background: little room for carpet market, tied to size of population
Premise: people purchase carpet first in 20-30, second in 50-60
Conclusion: carpet company gain profit only through purchasing competitors, not aggressive marketing.
Choose D ( suggest a way for companies to gain market share without purchasing competitors)

2
Premise: EFCO- most useful keys near fingers-faster& less fatigue
Conclusion: 用EFCO取代standard keyboards,减少$
Choose D  

3
B: $贬值可预测明年slower economic growth
P: 预测不影响非政府预算赤字的$
C:预算赤字will be decreased to prevent future currency declines
Choose D

4
Premise:有毒空气中的分子包围着lung,引发哮喘。归咎于pollen or household dust
CHOOSE D

5
B: F made entirely of carbon (first found in lab)(formed in rare mineral shungite)
P:合成F需要distinctive conditions of temperature and pressure
C:  this discovery should give geologists a test case for evaluating hypotheses about the state of the Earth's crust at the time these naturally occurring fullerenes were formed.
Choose D
6#
发表于 2012-2-24 21:10:04 | 只看该作者
Conclusion:可以快速降低打字成本
Premise:导致快速的打字和较少的失误。
选项A:成本价格和转换困难度没什么关系
选项B:加强原结论。
选项C:增长使用和成本没关系
选项D:正确
选项E:时间,无关。
Conclusion:必须要降低财政赤字来预防将来的通货紧缩。
Premise:要不是政府财政的巨大赤字,预测是不会影响货币的。
选项A:这是结论,如何削弱
选项B:无关
选项C:无关
选项D:正确
选项E:无关
Conclusion:The recent decline in the value of the dollar was triggered by a prediction of slower economic growth in the coming year
Premise:An asthma attack occurs when the messenger molecules are activated unnecessarily, in response to harmless things like pollen or household dust.Conclusion:可以告诉实验者这种东西组成的坏境条件
Premise:F这种东西在独一无二的环境下形成
C
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