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Fossil beetle analysis has a number of advantages over other biological proxies such as pollen. Beetles are the most diverse group of organisms filling a large range of ecological roles and habitats from deserts to rainforests to the littoral(海滨的) zone. Beetles, and insects in general, respond rapidly to environmental change by dispersal(分散), rather than undergoing speciation, and fossils are generally identifiable to species level in contrast to New Zealand palynological studies where some genera contain species with different ecological requirements, but with indistinguishable pollen.
Predatory and scavenging beetles are able to take advantage of recently modified areas (along with pioneer plant species) before the trees and shrubs with similar climatic requirements. Trees and shrubs can therefore lag behind the actual period of climatic change and the resultant spread of beetles. This ability to rapidly respond to climatic change has also revealed short-term climate fluctuations that are not observed in the pollen record. Beetles fossils also avoid the problem of contamination of the local pollen rain (and hence local climate signal) by long-distance wind dispersed pollen