【每日逻辑链练习贴】【逻辑2-17】

superbat28

呃，我只是偷个懒，这两天就不做了- -，巩固OG中~

纳丁！！！！！加油！！！！！！！~~~~~

贴几道见到的BT PREP题，巩固大家抓结论的能力。。。

呃，突然觉得自己不太厚道。在前面补两道题，后四题选做哈。后四题真的不是一般的各种恶心。。大家，小心。。。
PS: 纳丁，纳丁。真的不要在乎那几道题了>.<

补充1： PREP1 Q79
To improve the long-term savings rate of the citizens of Levaska, the country's legislature decided to implement a plan that allows investors to save up to $1,000 per year in special accounts without paying taxes on the interest earned unless withdrawals are made before the investor reaches age sixty-five.  Withdrawals from these accounts prior to age sixty-five would result in the investor's having to pay taxes on all the accumulated interest at the time of withdrawal.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the legislature's plan will have its intended effect?

A. The money saved in the tax-free savings accounts will be deposited primarily in those banks and financial institutions that supported the legislation instituting the plan.
B. The majority of people choosing to take advantage of the tax-free savings accounts will withdraw their money prior to age sixty-five.
C. A significant number of the citizens of Levaska will invest in the tax-free savings accounts well before they reach the age of sixty-five.
D. During the ten years prior to implementation of the plan, Levaskans deposited an increasingly smaller percentage of their annual income in long-term savings accounts.
E. People who are not citizens of Levaska are not eligible to invest in the tax-free savings accounts, even if their income is taxable in Levaska.


ANSWER: C
补充2   PREP1 Q80
In Europe, many large animal species, such as mammoths, became extinct soon after humans first migrated to the animals' areas of habitation.  The spread of such extinctions closely followed the pattern of human migration.  However, since humans tended to migrate to areas as the climate in those areas began to warm, the extinctions might have been precipitated by the climatic warming rather than by human migration.

Which of the following, if true, provides the best evidence that it was human migration and not climatic change that precipitated the extinctions?

A. Many animal species, such as deer and bison, continued to thrive in Europe even after humans migrated there.
B. Several periods of marked climatic warming have occurred in Europe, during which many large animal species that lived there became extinct.
C. Many animal species that became extinct in Europe survived longer in areas that were isolated from human populations but that experienced intense climatic warming.
D. In some areas of Europe, only a few archaeological sites have yielded evidence that shows an overlap between the arrival of humans and the extinction of large animals.
E. Some large animals had become extinct in Europe even before humans migrated there.

ANSWER:  C


1. PREP2  Q76
In response to mounting public concern, an airplane manufacturer implemented a program with the well-publicized goal of reducing by half the total yearly amount of hazardous waste generated by its passenger-jet division.  When the program began in 1994, the division's hazardous waste output was 90 pounds per production worker; last year it was 40 pounds per production worker.  Clearly, therefore, charges that the manufacturer's program has not met its goal are false.  

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A. The amount of nonhazardous waste generated each year by the passenger-jet division has not increased significantly since 1994.
B. At least as many passenger jets were produced by the division last year as had been produced in 1994.
C. Since 1994, other divisions in the company have achieved reductions in hazardous waste output that are at least equal to that achieved in the passenger-jet division.
D. The average number of weekly hours per production worker in the passenger-jet division was not significantly greater last year than it was in 1994.
E. The number of production workers assigned to the passenger-jet division was not significantly less in 1994 than it was last year.


Answer: E

2. PREP2  Q77. (30553-!-item-!-188;#058&005527)
Citizens of Parktown are worried by the increased frequency of serious crimes committed by local teenagers.  In response, the city government has instituted a series of measures designed to keep teenagers at home in the late evening.  Even if the measures succeed in keeping teenagers at home, however, they are unlikely to affect the problem that concerns citizens, since most crimes committed by local teenagers take place between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m.

Which of the following, if true, most substantially weakens the argument?

A. Similar measures adopted in other places have failed to reduce the number of teenagers on the streets in the late evening.
B. The crimes committed by teenagers in the afternoon are mostly small thefts and inconsequential vandalism.
C. Teenagers are much less likely to commit serious crimes when they are at home than when they are not at home.
D. Any decrease in the need for police patrols in the late evening would not mean that there could be more intensive patrolling in the afternoon.
E. The schools in Parktown have introduced a number of afterschool programs that will be available to teenagers until 6 p.m. on weekday afternoons.


ANSWER: B


3. PREP2  Q78. (32009-!-item-!-188;#058&006754)

Kitchen magazine plans to license the use of its name by a line of cookware.  For a magazine, licensing the use of its name for products involves some danger, since if the products disappoint consumers, the magazine's reputation suffers, with consequent reductions in circulation and advertising.  However, experts have evaluated the cookware and found it superior to all other cookware advertised in Kitchen.  Therefore, Kitchen can collect its licensing fee without endangering its other revenues.

The argument above assumes which of the following?

A. No other line of cookware is superior to that which will carry the Kitchen name.
B. Kitchen will not license the use of its name for any products other than the line of cookware.
C. Makers of cookware will not find Kitchen a less attractive advertising vehicle because the magazine's name is associated with a competing product.
D. Consumers who are not regular readers of Kitchen magazine will be attracted to the cookware by the Kitchen name.
E. Kitchen is one of the most prestigious cooking-related magazines.


ANSWER: C

4. PREP2  Q100. (30745-!-item-!-188;#058&005748)
Lyme disease is caused by a bacterium transmitted to humans by deer ticks.  Generally, deer ticks pick up the bacterium while in the larval stage by feeding on infected white-footed mice.  However, certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium.  If the population of these other species were increased, more of the larvae would be feeding on uninfected hosts, so the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would likely decline.

Which of the following would it be most important to ascertain in evaluating the argument?

A. Whether populations of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed are found only in areas also inhabited by white-footed mice
B. Whether the size of the deer tick population is currently limited by the availability of animals for the tick's larval stage to feed on
C. Whether the infected deer tick population could be controlled by increasing the number of animals that prey on white-footed mice
D. Whether deer ticks that were not infected as larvae can become infected as adults by feeding on deer on which infected deer ticks have fed
E. Whether the other species on which deer tick larvae feed harbor any other bacteria that ticks transmit to humans


ANSWER: B



最难不过如此吧~尽管我觉得这几道题确实很。。。难。。。。  hold住大家！！！！

AA  随手选一篇，不过貌似还是挺好写的？愿我碰上这篇吧！！
“Muscle Monthly, a fitness magazine that regularly features pictures of bodybuilders using state-of-the-art exercise machines, frequently sells out, according to the owner of Skyview Newsstand. To help maximize fitness levels in our town’s residents, we should, therefore, equip our new community fitness center with such machines.”

Monica2020

1.0:33；1:45
goal:To improve the long-term savings rate of the citizens of Levaska
plan:Allows investors to save up to $1,000 per year in special accounts without paying taxes on the interest earned unless withdrawals are made before the investor reaches age sixty-five.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the prediction that the legislature's plan will have its intended effect?

A. The money saved in the tax-free savings accounts will be deposited primarily in those banks and financial institutions that supported the legislation instituting the plan. 削弱方案，没有达到预期目标
B. The majority of people choosing to take advantage of the tax-free savings accounts will withdraw their money prior to age sixty-five.  与方案目标相反
C. A significant number of the citizens of Levaska will invest in the tax-free savings accounts well before they reach the age of sixty-five. correct answer
D. During the ten years prior to implementation of the plan, Levaskans deposited an increasingly smaller percentage of their annual income in long-term savings accounts. 时间区间超出
E. People who are not citizens of Levaska are not eligible to invest in the tax-free savings accounts, even if their income is taxable in Levaska. 目标关注的是L的citizens，不选
2.0:25；1:33
premise：humans tended to migrate to areas as the climate in those areas began to warm
conclusion: the extinctions might have been precipitated by the climatic warming rather than by human migration.
Which of the following, if true, provides the best evidence that it was human migration and not climatic change that precipitated the extinctions?

A. Many animal species, such as deer and bison, continued to thrive in Europe even after humans migrated there. 反向，证明不是人类导致的
B. Several periods of marked climatic warming have occurred in Europe, during which many large animal species that lived there became extinct. 反向，加强了是由于climate而导致的
C. Many animal species that became extinct in Europe survived longer in areas that were isolated from human populations but that experienced intense climatic warming. correct
D. In some areas of Europe, only a few archaeological sites have yielded evidence that shows an overlap between the arrival of humans and the extinction of large animals. only a few，不选
E. Some large animals had become extinct in Europe even before humans migrated there. 反向，不选
3.0:33；1:50 前几个选项都没读懂...
premise：a program with the well-publicized goal of reducing by half the total yearly amount of hazardous waste generated by its passenger-jet division.  
in 1994, the division's hazardous waste output was 90 pounds per production worker; last year it was 40 pounds per production worker.
conclusion：charges that the manufacturer's program has not met its goal are false.  
assumption：
A. The amount of nonhazardous waste generated each year by the passenger-jet division has not increased significantly since 1994. 这...目标关注的是hazardous wastes
貌似超出讨论范围
B. At least as many passenger jets were produced by the division last year as had been produced in 1994. emmm....感觉没什么关系，取非之后好像不能削弱，待定
C. Since 1994, other divisions in the company have achieved reductions in hazardous waste output that are at least equal to that achieved in the passenger-jet division.
other divisions超出范围，排除
D. The average number of weekly hours per production worker in the passenger-jet division was not significantly greater last year than it was in 1994. 取非无法削弱
E. The number of production workers assigned to the passenger-jet division was not significantly less in 1994 than it was last year. 取非削弱，correct choice
4.0:26；1:00
premise: most crimes committed by local teenagers take place between 3 p.m. and 6 p.m.
conclusion:Even if the measures succeed in keeping teenagers at home, they are unlikely to affect the problem that concerns citizens
weakens the argument:
B. The crimes committed by teenagers in the afternoon are mostly small thefts and inconsequential vandalism.
5.prep上做过，就不写了
6.0:37；1:40 没太看懂...premise： certain other species on which the larvae feed do not harbor the bacterium.  If the population of these other species were increased, more of the larvae would be feeding on uninfected hosts
conclusion：the number of ticks acquiring the bacterium would likely decline.
evaluate the argument
A. Whether populations of the other species on which deer tick larvae feed are found only in areas also inhabited by white-footed mice

yuehuasunday

1-17

1.

Background: Medical researcher: As expected, records covering
the last four years of ten major hospitals
indicate that babies born prematurely were
more likely to have low birth weights and to
suffer from health problems than were babies
not born prematurely.

Premise: These records also
indicate that mothers who had received
adequate prenatal care were less likely to have
low birth weight babies than were mothers who
had received inadequate prenatal care.

Conclusion: Adequate prenatal care, therefore, significantly
decreases the risk of low birth weight babies.

(B) Correct, right to the point

2.

Background: Sales of telephones have increased dramatically over the last year.

Premise: n order to take
advantage of this increase, Mammoth Industries plans to expand production of its own model

Conclusion: while continuing its already very extensive advertising of this product.

(E)

3.

Background: ank depositors in the United States are all financially protected against bank failure because
the government insures all individuals' bank deposits.

Premise: An economist argues that this
insurance is partly responsible for the high rate of bank failures, since it removes from
depositors any financial incentive to find out whether the bank that holds their money is
secure against failure.

Conclusion: if depositors were more selective, then banks would need to be
secure in order to compete for depositors' money.

(E)

4.

Background: A drug that is highly effective in treating many types of infection can, at
present, be obtained
only from the bark of the ibora

Premise: a tree that is quite rare in the wild. It takes the bark of
5,000 trees to make one kilogram of the drug.

Conclusion: It follows, therefore, that continued
production of the drug must inevitably lead to the ibora's extinction.

(D) Correct, the tree doesn't die from harvesting

5.

Background: Manufacturers sometimes discount the price of a product to retailers for a promotion period
when the product is advertised to consumers.


Premise: Such promotions often result in a dramatic
increase in amount of product sold by the manufacturers to retailers.


Conclusion: Nevertheless, the
manufacturers could often make more profit by not holding the promotions.

(D) Correct

Yvette19

时隔一周我又回来做题了。。。可是就快做完了。。然后手指碰到了backpage键全部木有了哭。。。那就当我做完了吧 我继续从5,6做好了 >.<

5. 40s
BG: Kitchen magazine is planning to license its brand name of a series of cookware.
PM: Risk: if customers were not satisfy with the cookware, the reputation of the magazine would also suffer
PM: Survey shows that the quality of the Kitchen cookware is better than any other cookwares advertised in the Kitchen.
CC: Without endangering its revenue, the Kitchen can license its name to the cookware.

Assumption: There's no other cookware better than Kitchen cookware advertised in other magazines. 选D了错了呜呜
因为Kitchen杂志的Revenue来源是各类广告的投放！

6..之前就被这道题虐过。。。用中文试试理理思路。。
一种疾病是通过细菌在deer tick传播的。这种细菌在其feed on的其他物种并不能长期存活，仅deer tick而已。因此如果其他物种增加，那么实际上被传染的几率就减少。

Evaluate：B我居然选对了==+ 就是说这个deer tick和other species是否是相互制约的关系。由currently情况来判断。选项很坏的在幼虫啊，白脚老鼠啊之类的上面做文章，出了好多迷惑选项，大家注意咯~

小曼嘟嘟

1.100s
background:the government implements  a plan in city XX.
premise:The plan is that citizens need not to pay tax of interest if they deposit money(应该是save-up to1000dollars) in a special account.
       If the citizens withdraw the money from the bank before 65 years old. They need to pay tax.
conlusion: The government can attract more money for investing(应该是 improve long-term savings rate.)
support：
situation1:after the plan is implemented ,  people seldom withdraw money from the bank before 65 years old.
        2 :people seldom withdraw money even in emergency .

2.45s
backgound:people find the extinctions of some mammals follow the pattern of human migration.
premise:when the climate become warm, the mammals extinct.(应该是human tend to migrate to places where are getting warm)
conclusion: the extinctions of mammals are related to climate rather than human migration .
weaken/evidence to support the cause of human migration.
When people migrate to some cold places ,they deatory the habitation,and mammasls extinct.

3.45s
B:an airpalne company implemanted a plan.It aims at reducing the waste given by divisions by half.
p:the average waste of each division has reduced from 90 per production worker to 40 per production worker.
C:the conslusion that the goal is not met is false.
assumption?
the number of producion workers has not increased .

4.39s
B:citizens are worried about the crimes(应该是 increased frequency of crimes ) committed by the teenagers in local community.
P;1.the government requires the teenagers to be confined at home at night.
 2.teenagers often commit crimes from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m
C;the measure will not affect the serious situation.

weaken:
the increased crimes happen at night.Keeping teenagers at home can keep the frequency of crimes at the same level)

5.40s
B:One magazine wants to license the use of its name by a line of a cookware.
P;1.the cookare is better than other cookwares used in the kitchen
 2.the quality of cookware is related to the magazine's repution,circulation and advertise revenues.
C;the cookware will not affect the magazine's reputaion.


6.看了2分钟没看懂。。
larva：幼虫
B；people infect XXdisease through deer ticks.
p;1.deer ticks infect the disease through feeding on infected mice.
 2.the food of deer ticks except mice do not harbour bacterium.
C;if the other kinds of food increase, fewer deer ticks would get infected.

joelee1991

刚看了答案~~456都错了.....对了之前三个...正确率在50%是多么的稳啊。

最后两题属于没看懂....逻辑就更别提了......

青少年的问题没懂.....如果学校上课到6点。下午小孩子不是出不来了么？这样就不会犯罪了啊》。。。。求解。。。。

joelee1991

1.28s
BG国为增加长期储蓄率，实行新政策
premise:一。一种特殊账户，可以不交税，1.每年存1000元。2.65岁以前不能取。
       二。65岁以前取得话所有存款都要交税。

问assumption。answer:65岁以下的人口非常多。

2.35S。
BG：欧洲，一种大型物种M，因为人类搬入它们居住区正在灭绝。
Premise:1.灭绝速度和人类搬进居住区息息相关。
       2.它们的居住区气候本来也在变暖。
问：哪个证据可以证明是人类的迁移而不是气候导致M的灭绝？
 某个在人类迁移速率很少而气候变化很大的时期，M的灭绝速率很小。
3.38s.
BG:回复公众concern，飞机制造商决定减少hazardous waste一半。
Premise：1994年是90磅每人，去年是40磅。
conclusion：所以达到目标了。
每年都是减少的，而不是只有去年突然减少。
4.33S。
BG：某市的市民非常担忧当地青少年犯罪。出现了政策，让青少年在late evening禁足。
Premise：虽然禁足了，下午3点到6点犯罪的是最多的。
conclusion：问题没有解决。

哪一项最weaken。
late evening禁足，下午青少年放学后无法出去~所以晚上犯罪率会减少。
5.1min+
BG:K准备申请用它的名字by a line of cookware.
premise:如果顾客不喜欢，这个名字受损的结果就是：广告和circulation都不好。
       可是cookware据调查比其他的都好。
conclusion:不用担心危险。

57S。
BG病的病菌被鹿tick传播给了人类，感染的老鼠又传给了吃它的鹿。但其他物种吃老鼠的却没感染。
conclusion：如果其他物种越来越多，则这种病菌会减少。

UlysessHope

mark下~

RC CR做的都是眼泪啊~

fox0923

第六题想了很久终于明白了：
现在discuss的是是否other species多了，larvae就会吃未感染的host，deer tick就会减少。
即是否有A就有B

所以 选B选项 判断的是A和B是不是有直接因果关系

D选项 是不是其他原因C会导致B 是无关的 因为C会不会导致B是不影响A会不会导致B的。

-- by 会员 daisyの小夢想 (2011/9/13 18:18:34)

哎呀，搞反了！是larva feed on host,不是host feed on larva。。。狐狐，你真是糊涂啊！

fox0923

读了2遍，就不说时间了
P:If the investor withdrawal money before age 65, they have to pay the tax
C:To improve the long-term saving rates.
S: People don't withdrawal any savings from their account before age 65.
A: C

26s
P:The animal extinction is caused by human migration.
C:The animal extinction is caused by the climatic change because human like to migrate to the areas with warmer climate.
W:The climatic change is also determined by the areas where human migrated to.
A:C

32s
P:The airplane manufacture implemented a plan to reduce the waste output per worker.
C:The plan is successful since the output of waste production per worker is decreased this year compared to last year.
A:the data of output production of waste is average production.
A:E

30s
P:The teenagers will be asked to stay at home at evening to avoid crimes occurred.
C:This would not help people's concern since most crimes happened at 3 and 6pm.
W:....
A:B

36s
P:The kitchen magazine is afraid to loss revenue because the kitchen cookwares may not be superior to other cookwares.
C:The magazine will not loss money since the evaluation shows that the superiority of cookwares is better than others.
A:The superiority of this new cookwares will affect the revenue of magazine.
A:C

34s
Pyme disease is transmitted to human through deer ticks, but other species wouldn't get such disease when feeding on mice.
C:If other species are increased, then the Lyme disease will be declined.
E:....应该是找个什么relation吧
A:E
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6错勒~~怎么是B？我早早就排出B了，因为看到了size，觉得整个题目是在讲population，不是size啊！又看了两遍，明白了，原来是说size of population这样就对了。如果size of deer tick的population太多，还是会有被传染disease的大大可能，不管uninfected hosts有多少。去看看daisy的看法~~