有关Black Death 的阅读题，关于作者态度的提问

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The BlackDeath, a severe epidemic that ravaged fourteenth-century Europe, has intrigued scholars ever since Francis Gasquet's 1893 study contending that this epidemic greatly intensified the political and religious upheaval that ended the Middle Ages.  Thirty-six years later, historian George Coulton agreed but, paradoxically, attributed a silver lining to the BlackDeath:  prosperity engendered by diminished competition for food, shelter, and work led survivors of the epidemic into the Renaissance and subsequent rise of modern Europe.



In the 1930s, however, Evgeny Kosminsky and other Marxist historians claimed the epidemic was merely an ancillary附属的 factor contributing to a general agrarian crisis stemming primarily from the inevitable decay of European feudalism封建制度.  In arguing that this decline of feudalism was economically determined, the Marxist asserted that the BlackDeath was a relatively insignificant factor.  This became the prevailing view until after the Second World War, when studies of specific regions and towns revealed astonishing mortality rates ascribed to the epidemic, thus restoring the central role of the BlackDeath in history.



This central role of the BlackDeath (traditionally attributed to bubonic plague brought from Asia) has been recently challenged from another direction.  Building on bacteriologist John Shrewsbury's speculations about mislabeled epidemics, zoologist Graham Twigg employs urban case studies suggesting that the rat population in Europe was both too sparse and insufficiently migratory to have spread plague.  Moreover, Twigg disputes the traditional trade-ship explanation for plague transmissions by extrapolating from data on the number of dead rats aboard Nile sailing vessels in 1912.  The BlackDeath, which he conjectures was anthrax instead of bubonic plague, therefore caused far less havoc and fewer deaths than historians typically claim.

Although correctly citing the exacting conditions needed to start or spread bubonic plague, Twigg ignores virtually a century of scholarship contradictory to his findings and employs faulty logic in his single-minded approach to the BlackDeath.  His speculative generalizations about the numbers of rats in medieval Europe are based on isolated studies unrepresentative of medieval conditions, while his unconvincing trade-ship argument overlooks land-based caravans, the overland migration of infected rodents, and the many other animals that carry plague.

The author's attitude toward Twigg's work is best characterized as which of following ?
(A) dismissive
(B) indifference
(C) vindictive
(D) cautious
(E) ambivalent

有关作者态度的问题，我总是把我不太好，怎么都想不懂为什么答案是A????? 求解！！！！

多些！！