OG12的问题啊 求助求助~~~~~

翁羽凌虚

112题
112. The average hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland has long been signi? cantly lower than that in neighboring Borodia. Since Borodia dropped all tariffs on Vernlandian televisions three years ago, the number of televisions sold annually in Borodia has not changed. However, recent statistics show a drop in the number of television assemblers in Borodia. Therefore, updated trade statistics will probably indicate that the number of televisions Borodia imports annually from Vernland has increased.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) The number of television assemblers in Vernland has increased by at least as much as the number of television assemblers in Borodia has decreased.
(B) Televisions assembled in Vernland have features that televisions assembled in Borodia do not have.
(C) The average number of hours it takes a Borodian television assembler to assemble a television has not decreased signi? cantly during the past three years.
(D) The number of televisions assembled annually in Vernland has increased signi? cantly during the past three years.
(E) The difference between the hourly wage of television assemblers in Vernland and the hourly wage of television assemblers in Borodia is likely to decrease in the next few years.

解释： What assumption does the argument depend on? h  e fact that fewer individuals in Borodia are working as TV assemblers is o?  ered as evidence that TV imports from Vernland into Borodia have likely increased. h  at piece of evidence is relevant only as an indication that the number of TVs being produced within Borodia has decreased. But a drop in the number of TV assemblers does not indicate a drop in the number of TVs being assembled if the number of TVs an average assembler puts together has increased. h  us, the argument must be assuming that the average time it takes an assembler to put together a TV has not signi?  cantly decreased.
A T h e argument does not rely on any information about the number of television assemblers in
Vernland nor for that matter on the number of TVs assembled in Vernland.
B the argument need not assume there is any di? erence in the features of the TVs produced in the two countries. Increased sales of Vernlandian TVs in Borodia could be due to any number of other reasons, such as price or quality.
C Correct. h  is option states an assumption on which the argument depends.
D The argument does not depend upon this being so: Vernland’s domestic TV sales (or perhaps its exports to countries other than Borodia) may have decreased by more than its imports into Borodia have increased.
E The argument’s conclusion addresses what has happened; the argument in no way relies on any assumptions about what may or may not happen in the coming years.
The correct answer is C.
114.Guidebook writer: I have visited hotels throughout the country and have noticed that in those built before 1930 the quality of the original carpentry work is generally superior to that in hotels built afterward. Clearly carpenters working on hotels before 1930 typically worked with more skill, care, and effort than carpenters who have worked on hotels built subsequently.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the guidebook writer’s argument?
(A) The quality of original carpentry in hotels is generally far superior to the quality of original carpentry in other structures, such as houses and stores.
(B) Hotels built since 1930 can generally accommodate more guests than those built before 1930.
(C) The materials available to carpenters working before 1930 were not signi? cantly different in quality from the materials available to carpenters working after 1930.
(D) The better the quality of original carpentry in a building, the less likely that building is to fall into disuse and be demolished.
(E) The average length of apprenticeship for carpenters has declined signi? cantly since 1930.
解释： Which option most seriously weakens the argument? h  e argument draws an inference from a comparison between carpentry in hotels of di? erent eras to a judgment about the carpenters working on hotels in those eras. One way to weaken this inference is by ?nding some way in which the carpentry in the hotels may be unrepresentative of the skill, care, and e?  ort of the carpenters working in the eras. h  e comparison is between the carpentry evident in hotels of the two eras that still exist. h  us, if there is some reason to think that hotels with good carpentry survive longer than those with bad carpentry, then still-existing hotels from the older era will have disproportionately more good carpentry, even assuming no di?  erence between the skill, care, and e?  ort of the carpenters from the two eras.
A The  option applies equally to both eras, so it has no bearing on the argument.
B It is not clear whether carpenters working on larger hotels would exercise more, less, or the same skill and care as those working on smaller hotels; thus this option does not weaken the argument.
CThe argument does not rely, even implicitly, on there being any di?  erence in the quality of materials used in the two eras, so it does not weaken the argument to point out that no such di?erence exists.
D Correct. This weakens the reasoning in the argument by showing a respect in which the comparison between existing hotels is unrepresentative.
E The longer a carpenter works as an apprentice, the more skill he or she is apt to have upon becoming a full-?edged carpenter. So this option would tend to slightly strengthen rather than weaken the argument.
h  e correct answer is D.
第十二题我完全不懂啊。。。。十四题也差不多 不明白他这个解释是什么情况啊。。。。。

sdcar2010

114

If D is true, then what the author observed was simply the consequence of "whatever is the best would survive!"  So the reason to see better carpentry in old hotels is that old hotels with bad carpentry no longer exist. If this is true, the author's argument falls apart because the current surviving old hotels do not represent the average skills of the carpenters in the old time.

sdcar2010

112

Premise: Televisions are made in both V and B, and B imports TV from V.  The number of televisions sold in B keeps constant.  These TV's come from both B and V. the number of TV assemblers in B decreases.

Conclusion: TV imports from V to B has increased.

The assumption is that if TV assemblers in B are fewer, there will be fewer TV made in B.  A further assumption is that the efficiency of TV assemblers in B has not changed (answer C).

If you use negation method, you would find that after negating C, the argument falls apart. If assemblers in B become more efficient, they can produce the same amount or more TV than before, even with a lower number of total assemblers.