Companies that must determine well 好卖的产品产量太少，难卖的产品 in advance of the selling season how 产量又太大。 many unites of a new product to manu- Line facture often underproduce products (5) that sell well and have overstocks of others. The increased incidence in 这种供求矛盾似乎很讽刺，因为 recent years of mismatches between 消费者购买模式的数据趋于精确， production and demand seems ironic, 弹性生产又允许小量商品的生产。 since point-of-sale scanners have (10) improved data on consumers’ buying patterns and since flexible manufacturing has enabled companies to 24 produce, cost-effectively, small quantities of goods. This type of 弹性生产导致美国每年新产品 (15) manufacturing has greatly increased 大量增加。但是频繁引入新产品 the number of new products introduced 有两个消极的副作用。 annually in the United States. However, frequent introductions of new products have two problematic side effects. For 一方面产品平均寿命缩短；它 (20) one, they reduce the average lifetime of 们既不处于初期（难以预计）， products; more of them are neither at the 也不处于末期（库存昂贵）。 beginning of their life (when prediction is difficult) or at the end of their life (when keeping inventory is expen- (25) sive because the products will soon become obsolete). For another, as 另一方面，随着新产品泛滥， new products proliferate, demand is 需求在增加的库存单位内分配 divided among a growing number of stock-keeping units (SKU’s). Even 虽然厂商和零售商有些把握预 (30) though manufacturers and retailers can 计准确的累积总需求，但他们 forecast aggregate demand with some 难以准确预计这些需求在众多 certainty, forecasting accurately how 库存单位内如何分配。 that demand will be distributed among the many SKU’s they sell is difficult. (35) For example, a company may be able 例如，一家公司可能可以准确 to estimate accurately the aggregate 估计鞋子总售量，但它不确定 number of shoes it will sell, but it may 哪种鞋子会卖更多，哪种鞋子 be uncertain about which specific 会卖更少。 types of shoes will sell more than other types.
在说一下坐稳吧： Argument Throughout last two decades, those who earned graduate degrees found it very difficult to get jobs teaching their academic specialties at the college level. Those with graduate degrees from W University had an especially hard time finding such jobs. But better times are coming in the next decade for all academic job seekers, including those from W. Demographic trends indicate that an increasing number of people will be reaching college age over the next ten years;consequently, we can expect that the job market will improve dramatically for peole seeking college-level teaching positions in their fields.
Issue People are likely to accept a leader only someone who has demonstrated an ability to perform the same tasks that he or she expects others to perform.
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发表于 2010-11-29 20:25:04
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