一些逻辑问题的分析

aomeisoft7

帖子里有一些问题的以及个人解答祝大家都取得好成绩

是F的

棒

Ettorier

aomeisoft7 发表于 2010-9-27 20:09
也就是说，地球上有种细菌，火星上有种细菌，如果两种细菌结构不一样则不可能存在在地球上，于是应该是 ...

Mark一下！               

LaaaVINE

aomeisoft7 发表于 2010-9-27 23:21
Historian: We can learn about the medical history of individuals through chemical analysis of the ...

A的话是不是如果回答YES，没有mercury能被eliminate，那么在头发中找到mercury就能证明hypo
                 如果回答NO， 人体内能eliminate mercury， 那么在头发中找到mercury还是能证明hypo，没有区别。
但是B依旧觉得不对。。。。。。

wsxqx123456

aomeisoft7 发表于 2010-9-27 17:59
师姐，彪悍啊。。。67.    (34143-!-item-!-188;#058&007613)Transnational cooperation amon ...

太棒啦！！！！神回复！秒懂！~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Sheungnam

我擦！！！看了7，8个解释了，看到这个我终于懂了！主要是翻译得好！通讯公司 反对，指出 一旦通讯产品广泛应用，S国 肯定会民主，而不能维持repressive。  我一直以为when是当……时，就是已发生的情况，闹了半天是假设。。。。感激不尽阿！！！^_^

aomeisoft7

我又来问了。不好意思。有好几个。
89.    (31236-!-item-!-188;#058&005728)

Goronian lawmaker:  Goronia's Cheese Importation Board, the agency responsible for inspecting all wholesale shipments of cheese entering Goronia from abroad and rejecting shipments that fail to meet specified standards, rejects about one percent of the cheese that it inspects.  Since the health consequences and associated costs of not rejecting that one percent would be negligible, whereas the cost of maintaining the agency is not, the agency's cost clearly outweighs the benefits it provides.
Knowing the answer to which of the following would be most useful in evaluating the lawmaker's argument?
A. Are any of the types of cheeses that are imported into Goronia also produced in Goronia?
B. Has the Cheese Importation Board, over the last several years, reduced its operating costs by eliminating inefficiencies within the agency itself?
C. Does the possibility of having merchandise rejected by the Cheese Importation Board deter many cheese exporters from shipping substandard cheese to Goronia?
D. Are there any exporters of cheese to Goronia whose merchandise is never rejected by the Cheese Importation Board?
E. How is the cheese rejected by the Cheese Importation Board disposed of?
答案是c，还是不明白里面的逻辑关系，如果弄明白CIB是否能阻止相当部分的次等cheese进入本国就能决定CIB是否应该存续。 条理不是很清晰啊。a为什么不对？
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101.    (31700-!-item-!-188;#058&006145)    (GWD 3-Q38/prep 2-6 different type)

Two computer companies, Garnet and Renco, each pay Salcor to provide health insurance for their employees.  Because early treatment of high cholesterol can prevent strokes that would otherwise occur several years later, Salcor encourages Garnet employees to have their cholesterol levels tested and to obtain early treatment for high cholesterol.  Renco employees generally remain with Renco only for a few years, however.  Therefore, Salcor lacks any financial incentive to provide similar encouragement to Renco employees.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. Early treatment of high cholesterol does not eliminate the possibility of a stroke later in life.
B. People often obtain early treatment for high cholesterol on their own.
C. Garnet hires a significant number of former employees of Renco.
D. Renco and Garnet have approximately the same number of employees.
E. Renco employees are not, on average, significantly younger than Garnet employees.
答案是C
我不知道保险公司的incentive到底在哪？这和G公司雇了很多R公司的员工有何关系？
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Q12.
In Kantovia, physicians’ income comes from insurance companies, which require
physicians to document their decisions in treating patients and to justify deviations
from the companies’ treatment guidelines. Ten years ago physicians were allowed
more discretion. Most physicians believe that the companies’ requirements now
prevent them from spending enough time with patients. Yet the average amount of
time a patient spends with a physician during an office visit has actually increased
somewhat over the last ten years.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy
between physicians’ perceptions and the change in the actual time spent?
A.    atients are more likely to be in a hurry nowadays and are less willing to
wait a long time to see their physician.
B.    hysicians today typically have a wider range of options in diagnosis and
treatment to consider with the patient before prescribing.
C.    hysicians are increasingly likely to work in group practices, sharing the
responsibility of night and weekend work.
D.    Most patients would rather trust their physicians than their insurance
companies to make decisions about their treatment.
E.    Since the insurance companies pay physicians a set amount for each
office visit, it is to physicians’ financial advantage to see as many
Patients as possible.
答案是B，为何E不对。
B中的在诊前医生有更多的考虑怎么就增加了和病人的接触时间呢？
多谢楼主。

-- by 会员 alfxu (2010/10/28 10:55:16)

http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_CR/thread-378117-1-1.html


http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_CR/thread-459754-1-1.html


http://forum.chasedream.com/GMAT_CR/thread-313469-1-1.html

alfxu

我又来问了。不好意思。有好几个。
89.    (31236-!-item-!-188;#058&005728)

Goronian lawmaker:  Goronia's Cheese Importation Board, the agency responsible for inspecting all wholesale shipments of cheese entering Goronia from abroad and rejecting shipments that fail to meet specified standards, rejects about one percent of the cheese that it inspects.  Since the health consequences and associated costs of not rejecting that one percent would be negligible, whereas the cost of maintaining the agency is not, the agency's cost clearly outweighs the benefits it provides.
Knowing the answer to which of the following would be most useful in evaluating the lawmaker's argument?
A. Are any of the types of cheeses that are imported into Goronia also produced in Goronia?
B. Has the Cheese Importation Board, over the last several years, reduced its operating costs by eliminating inefficiencies within the agency itself?
C. Does the possibility of having merchandise rejected by the Cheese Importation Board deter many cheese exporters from shipping substandard cheese to Goronia?
D. Are there any exporters of cheese to Goronia whose merchandise is never rejected by the Cheese Importation Board?
E. How is the cheese rejected by the Cheese Importation Board disposed of?
答案是c，还是不明白里面的逻辑关系，如果弄明白CIB是否能阻止相当部分的次等cheese进入本国就能决定CIB是否应该存续。 条理不是很清晰啊。a为什么不对？
---------------------------------------------------------------------
101.    (31700-!-item-!-188;#058&006145)    (GWD 3-Q38/prep 2-6 different type)

Two computer companies, Garnet and Renco, each pay Salcor to provide health insurance for their employees.  Because early treatment of high cholesterol can prevent strokes that would otherwise occur several years later, Salcor encourages Garnet employees to have their cholesterol levels tested and to obtain early treatment for high cholesterol.  Renco employees generally remain with Renco only for a few years, however.  Therefore, Salcor lacks any financial incentive to provide similar encouragement to Renco employees.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?
A. Early treatment of high cholesterol does not eliminate the possibility of a stroke later in life.
B. People often obtain early treatment for high cholesterol on their own.
C. Garnet hires a significant number of former employees of Renco.
D. Renco and Garnet have approximately the same number of employees.
E. Renco employees are not, on average, significantly younger than Garnet employees.
答案是C
我不知道保险公司的incentive到底在哪？这和G公司雇了很多R公司的员工有何关系？
--------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q12.
In Kantovia, physicians’ income comes from insurance companies, which require
physicians to document their decisions in treating patients and to justify deviations
from the companies’ treatment guidelines. Ten years ago physicians were allowed
more discretion. Most physicians believe that the companies’ requirements now
prevent them from spending enough time with patients. Yet the average amount of
time a patient spends with a physician during an office visit has actually increased
somewhat over the last ten years.

Which of the following, if true, most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy
between physicians’ perceptions and the change in the actual time spent?
A.    atients are more likely to be in a hurry nowadays and are less willing to
wait a long time to see their physician.
B.    hysicians today typically have a wider range of options in diagnosis and
treatment to consider with the patient before prescribing.
C.    hysicians are increasingly likely to work in group practices, sharing the
responsibility of night and weekend work.
D.    Most patients would rather trust their physicians than their insurance
companies to make decisions about their treatment.
E.    Since the insurance companies pay physicians a set amount for each
office visit, it is to physicians’ financial advantage to see as many
Patients as possible.
答案是B，为何E不对。
B中的在诊前医生有更多的考虑怎么就增加了和病人的接触时间呢？
多谢楼主。

aomeisoft7

看得出来楼主是逻辑高手。问几个gwd题啊，我自己想过了哦。可是还是想要看看你的思路。
Q7:
Although the discount stores in Goreville’s central shopping district are expected to close within five years as a result of competition from a SpendLess discount department store that just opened, those locations will not stay vacant for long.  In the five years since the opening of Colson’s, a nondiscount department store, a new store has opened at the location of every store in the shopping district that closed because it could not compete with Colson’s.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

A.    Many customers of Colson’s are expected to do less shopping there than they did before the SpendLess store opened.
B.    Increasingly, the stores that have opened in the central shopping district since Colson’s opened have been discount stores.
C.    At present, the central shopping district has as many stores operating in it as it ever had.
D.    Over the course of the next five years, it is expected that Goreville’s population will grow at a faster rate than it has for the past several decades.
E.    Many stores in the central shopping district sell types of merchandise that are not available at either SpendLess or Colson’s.
说实话，我这题只会用排除法。

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Q27:
In parts of the Caribbean, the manatee, an endangered marine mammal, has long been hunted for its meat.  Having noted the manatee hunters’ expert knowledge of manatees’ habits, local conservationists are encouraging the hunters to stop hunting and instead to take tourists on boat rides to see manatees.  Tourist interest is high, so the plan has promise of achieving the twin goals of giving the former hunters a good income and helping ensure the manatees’ survival.

Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt about the plan’s chance of success?

A.    Many tourists who visit these parts of the Caribbean are uninterested in manatees and would not be willing to pay what the former manatee hunters would have to charge for boat rides to see manatees.
B.    Recovery of the species would enable some hunting to continue without putting the manatees’ survival in jeopardy again.
C.    In areas where manatees have traditionally been hunted for food, local people could easily replace the manatee meat in their diets with other foods obtained from the sea.
D.    There would not be enough former manatee hunters to act as guides for all the tourists who want to see manatees.
E.    To maintain their current income, manatee hunters who switched to guiding tourists would have to use far larger boats and make many more trips into the manatees’ fragile habitat than they currently do.
此题为什么D不对，不也是没法得两全吗？（没有足够的hunters转型为导游则收入没法保证，捕猎也会继续）可答案是E

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Q40.
Many people suffer an allergic reaction to certain sulfites, including those that are commonly added to wine as preservatives.  However, since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.  

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A.    These wine makers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites by means that do not involve adding any potentially allergenic substances to their wine.
B.    Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reactions.
C.    Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.
D.    Apart from sulfites, there are no substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an allergic reaction.
E.    Sulfites are not naturally present in the wines produced by these wine makers in amounts large enough to produce an allergic reaction in someone who drinks these wines.
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我还是只能用排除法，但是答案E我都不懂什么意思。
多谢。
ps：我现在也用楼主的图示法在做题，可是还是不得其门而入。我发现很多时候是选项看不明白。不知道楼主对选项的分析有没有什么独到的办法？

-- by 会员 alfxu (2010/10/26 9:49:20)

Although the discount stores in Goreville’s central shopping district are expected to close within fi ve
years as a result of competition from a SpendLess discount department store that just opened, those
locations will not stay vacant for long. In the fi ve years since the opening of Colson’s, a nondiscount
department store, a new store has opened at the location of every store in the shopping district that
closed because it could not compete with Colson’s.
现在 新开了spendless折扣店，预计周围的折扣店5年内会倒闭，但是店面不会空很久（即会很快开新店）。
这个预计是因为过去的例子：
5年前，Colson非折扣店开张，周围的非折扣店倒闭，但很快开了很多新店与Colson竞争。（B选项强调新店是折扣店）
问削弱
(B) Increasingly, the stores that have opened in the central shopping district since Colson’s opened
have been discount stores.
在Colson店开张后开的新店都是折扣店。

Colson后这些新开的店之所以可以和C竞争，是因为：C是非折扣店，这些新店是折扣店
现在开了家大型的折扣店，周边的以前的小折扣店倒闭后，就不可能在有新店抗衡了，所以削弱结论

Q27
结论是achieving the twin goals of giving the former hunters a good income and helping ensure the manatees’ survival
D选项 和good income，manatees’ survival毫无关系，没有足够的guid给所有的游客，那限制游客数不就完了，题目没有说目的 是满足所有的游客。和E仔细比较久知道和 题目结论的有关无关 的对比了

Q40
本贴26页251楼

做题不懂的问题，在CD上都有丰富的前人讨论，用“搜索”功能就能很快解决自己的问题了

建议：英语理解要过关，理解有关无关项（找准结论）
多做练习就好了，不要担心

alfxu

看得出来楼主是逻辑高手。问几个gwd题啊，我自己想过了哦。可是还是想要看看你的思路。
Q7:
Although the discount stores in Goreville’s central shopping district are expected to close within five years as a result of competition from a SpendLess discount department store that just opened, those locations will not stay vacant for long.  In the five years since the opening of Colson’s, a nondiscount department store, a new store has opened at the location of every store in the shopping district that closed because it could not compete with Colson’s.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

A.    Many customers of Colson’s are expected to do less shopping there than they did before the SpendLess store opened.
B.    Increasingly, the stores that have opened in the central shopping district since Colson’s opened have been discount stores.
C.    At present, the central shopping district has as many stores operating in it as it ever had.
D.    Over the course of the next five years, it is expected that Goreville’s population will grow at a faster rate than it has for the past several decades.
E.    Many stores in the central shopping district sell types of merchandise that are not available at either SpendLess or Colson’s.
说实话，我这题只会用排除法。

-------------------------------------------------
Q27:
In parts of the Caribbean, the manatee, an endangered marine mammal, has long been hunted for its meat.  Having noted the manatee hunters’ expert knowledge of manatees’ habits, local conservationists are encouraging the hunters to stop hunting and instead to take tourists on boat rides to see manatees.  Tourist interest is high, so the plan has promise of achieving the twin goals of giving the former hunters a good income and helping ensure the manatees’ survival.

Which of the following, if true, raises the most serious doubt about the plan’s chance of success?

A.    Many tourists who visit these parts of the Caribbean are uninterested in manatees and would not be willing to pay what the former manatee hunters would have to charge for boat rides to see manatees.
B.    Recovery of the species would enable some hunting to continue without putting the manatees’ survival in jeopardy again.
C.    In areas where manatees have traditionally been hunted for food, local people could easily replace the manatee meat in their diets with other foods obtained from the sea.
D.    There would not be enough former manatee hunters to act as guides for all the tourists who want to see manatees.
E.    To maintain their current income, manatee hunters who switched to guiding tourists would have to use far larger boats and make many more trips into the manatees’ fragile habitat than they currently do.
此题为什么D不对，不也是没法得两全吗？（没有足够的hunters转型为导游则收入没法保证，捕猎也会继续）可答案是E

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Q40.
Many people suffer an allergic reaction to certain sulfites, including those that are commonly added to wine as preservatives.  However, since there are several wine makers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these wine makers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.  

Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

A.    These wine makers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites by means that do not involve adding any potentially allergenic substances to their wine.
B.    Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reactions.
C.    Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.
D.    Apart from sulfites, there are no substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an allergic reaction.
E.    Sulfites are not naturally present in the wines produced by these wine makers in amounts large enough to produce an allergic reaction in someone who drinks these wines.
--------------------------------------------------------
我还是只能用排除法，但是答案E我都不懂什么意思。
多谢。
ps：我现在也用楼主的图示法在做题，可是还是不得其门而入。我发现很多时候是选项看不明白。不知道楼主对选项的分析有没有什么独到的办法？