T-9-Q25.

葛佳

T-9-Q25.
Scientists typically do their most creative work before the age of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity. However, a study has found that almost all scientists who produce highly creative work beyond the age of forty entered their fields late and less than a dozen years before their creative breakthroughs. Since creative breakthroughs by scientists under forty also generally occur within a dozen years of the scientists’ entry into the field, the study’s finding strongly suggests that the real reason why scientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not due to age but rather because most have spent too long in their fields.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?
A.    The first is the position that the argument as a whole depends; the second is evidence that is advanced as part of that evidence.
B.    The first and second are both claims that have been advanced in support of a position that the argument as a whole opposes.
C.    The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second provides evidence in support of a competing explanation that the argument defends.
D.    The first is an explanation that the argument challenges; the second is evidence that has been used against an alternative explanation that the argument defends.
E.    The first is an explanation that the argument defends; the second is evidence that has been used to challenge that explanation.
我选的是 D 没有找到答案
请指教

Patrickkk

OG-17 CR 659,
OG选了E，为什么呢？

likebing

此题源于，og12 CR117,OG选的E，c答案说explanation是文章所要challenge的，而事实上是文章所要支持的

mengdong

发现链接丢了，转载过来好了。建议有问题多在网上搜搜

yalemba发表于 2009-8-13 22:30 | 只看该作者文章先说：没有creative breakthought（CB）是因为年龄
后说however，那就是说未必了
一个调查说：40岁后进入的人，也有 CB，只是入行晚，也花了不到12年时间。
后面说了原因，为啥是however
因为40岁前作出CB的人也是做了不到12年，可见调查本身说明，不是年龄的问题，而是有些过了40岁的人，花了太长的时间。意思似乎就是，你12年做不出东西，那就一般肯的做不出了，和年龄没关系。
第一个boldface：是文章chanllage的解释。第二个，是一个evidence，这个东西的提出直接导致了，前面的explaination被chanllege，且得出了另一个结论。
所以C

mengdong

答案 C
http://forum..org/viewthread.php?tid=193072
Scientists typically do their most creative work before theage of forty. It is commonly thought that this happens because aging by itself brings about a loss ofcreative capacity. However, a study has found that almost all scientistswho produce highly creative work beyondthe age of forty entered their fields late and less than a dozen years beforetheir creative breakthroughs. Since creative breakthroughs by scientists underforty also generally occur within a dozen years of the scientists’ entry intothe field, the study’s finding strongly suggests that the real reason whyscientists over forty rarely produce highly creative work is not due to age butrather because most have spent too long in their fields.
In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the followingroles?
A.    The first is the position that theargument as a whole depends; the second is evidence that is advanced as part ofthat evidence.
B.    The first and second are both claims that have beenadvanced in support of a position that the argument as a whole opposes.
C.    The first is an explanation that the argument challenges;the second provides evidence in support of a competing explanation that theargument defends.
D.    The first is an explanation that the argument challenges;the second is evidence that has been used against an alternative explanationthat the argument defends.
E.    The first is an explanation that the argument defends; thesecond is evidence that has been used to challenge that explanation.

葛佳

这道题有几个变体， 内容一样但是出题的方式不一样

GWD17-Q39:
Which of the following most logically completes the passage?

On the whole, scientists do their most creative work before age forty, a tendency that has been taken to show that aging carries with it a loss of creative capacity.  An alternative explanation is that by age forty most scientists have worked in their field for fifteen or more years and that by then they have exhausted the opportunity for creative work in that field.  Supporting this explanation is the finding that ______.

A.    the average age of recipients of scientific research grants is significantly greater than forty
B.    a disproportionately large number of the scientists who produce highly creative work beyond age forty entered their field at an older age than is common
C.    many scientists temper their own expectations of what they can achieve in their research work by their belief that their creativity will decline as they age
D.    scientists who are older than forty tend to find more satisfaction in other activities, such as teaching and mentoring, than they do in pursuing their own research
E.    there is a similar diminution of creativity with age in nonscientific fields, such as poetry and musical composition

葛佳

怎么在这里不能显示黑体字？ 不知道怎么回事

葛佳

aging by itself brings about a loss of creative capacity


creative breakthroughs by scientists under forty also generally occur within a dozen years of the scientists’ entry into the field,

yawgamoth86

那個 BF句子呢？