问一道逻辑小题~

yaoxiayi

Of patients over 65 years old who survived coronary bypass surgery—a procedure widely prescribed for people with heart disease—only 75 percent benefited from the surgery.  Thus it appears that for one in four such patients, the doctors who advised them to undergo this surgery, with its attendant risks and expense, were more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument?

A.    Many of the patients who receive coronary bypass surgery are less than 55 years old.
B.    ossible benefits of coronary bypass surgery include both relief from troubling symptoms and prolongation of life.
C.    Most of the patients in the survey decided to undergo coronary bypass surgery because they were advised that the surgery would reduce their risk of future heart attacks.
D.    The patients over 65 years old who did not benefit from the coronary bypass surgery were as fully informed as those who did benefit from the surgery as to the risks of the surgery prior to undergoing it.
E.    The patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery but who did not benefit from it were medically indistinguishable, prior to their surgery, from the patients who did benefit.

答案是E，可是我觉得D还有A都可以嘛~~

糖醋香芋

好解释！

Idontcare4u

我也看了半天，懂了。谢谢。

-- by 会员 qiuhua01234567 (2012/5/8 18:30:19)

楼上的同学，有没有觉得E选项……没有动词？！
就是因为句子不完整然后各种who引导的定语从句，让人都看不懂意思了！

qiuhua01234567

我也看了半天，懂了。谢谢。

Idontcare4u

啊，谢谢你，万分感谢，我理解了！
E选项就是在说：由于医生不能在手术前就判断出谁接受手术后能有好处，谁接受手术后会没好处，所以一律都做了手术。因此，说明，医生没有赚黑心钱。对吧？

tiffany801

B说的是手术的好处是什么，原文说的是医生做手术为了什么。所以是无关选项。E说的是有好处的病人和没好处的病人能不能区分的事情，如果原文中出现了两类人他们可以区分出来是原文的前提，所以它肯定是对的。

Idontcare4u

但是我的困惑之处在于B项哪里错了？按照B项的说法，医生给病人做手术是为了预防未来的疾病风险，这不就说明了医生不是为了练习技术或者赚钱而做手术了么？这样不就是削弱了吗？
另外，E选项到底是个什么意思啊，哪位好心人能帮我翻译一下？

yaoxiayi

有道理！牛！

ruimiss

在进手术室之前，受益于该手术的病人与结果失败的病人没有差别。就是说医生分辨不出哪个会手术失败，那么就不能说医生对手术失败的病人是不负责任或者说是more interested in an opportunity to practice their skills and in their fee than in helping the patient，毕竟医生也分辨不出谁会失败。所以不存在对谁更不公平，其实都是公平的 。

不知道你明白否？

A是无关项，因为题目字讨论的就是大于65的，说医生不负责的对象也是这个范围内的，你拿其他岁数的就是无关。
D，病人事先都被告知风险，不能削弱题目，因为被告知了风险后病人可以自行决定要不要做手术，与医生无关。