一些阅读考古，麻烦今天考过的TX过来确认

weiwei870806

超新星

V1  一个行星爆炸后会有碎物，碎物中诞生了一种A类星，A同学转速很快，质地较厚，可以发出辐射。不过A同学年纪越大就转速越慢，到最后转不动了就自我粉碎了。由于碎物一般寿命很短，所以诞生于碎物种的A同学都是很年轻的。可是最近科学家发现有一种A同学寿命很长，噢原来它是A同学类型中的B类星。B同学很奇怪，它年纪很大可是转得很快，科学家发现B同学是诞生于另外一个体系的。因为B同学周围有很多一般的小行星绕着它，当B同学年纪变大发不出辐射的时候，它就从周围行星那里吸取物质得到力量，这样可以让它重新又越转越快。所以说啊，B同学和A同学是不一样的。

V2  

讲超新星爆炸。以前发现的超新星爆炸，其残余部分会spinning，然后会有radiation，但是随着aging，radiation会减弱，最后变成normal。但是现在发现了一种新的残余部分，年龄很大，但是却还有radiation，而且spinning速度很快，不符合原来的观察结果。但是发现了这些新发现有companion，能够使得它重新获得能量，继续radiation和spinning跟新的一样。接着列举了4个原因来说明这个新发现是正确的。结尾句indeed....就没怎么看了。 V3 “超新星爆炸”，记得的两道题有：文中第二段提到了1%(one  percent)， 是什么目的，回到文中定位，应该是说作者在第二段中讨论的现象是比较独特的，存在于 Golbal Cluster (星团)，在  normal binary system  (双子星)中并不常见。  还有一个问题是问中子星从周围吸收物质后，发生了什么变化。答案应该是选“spin more quickly, and become pulsar  again."还有文中的这句话：由于碎物一般寿命很短，所以诞生于碎物种的A同学都是很年轻的。是一个考点。 V4 第一段讲超新星爆炸如何如何变为白矮星（就是能量耗尽了），这个过程产生了很多东西，形成新的星，一部分生命物质和全部的氧  都来自这个过程。第二段讲原先科学家一直都不知道这个过程如何产生的。现在知道了，然后详细解释了一番，先是在自己重力下缩得很小，然后核变开始，大量能  量把物质冲出去。 1．以下哪个不是supervalor 产生的；选B，其它都可在原文中找到A New star B Mass star C part of  human D dust E 氧气 2．早期天文学家对超新星的认识过程与下面哪个类似（知其然不如其所以然）  选某生物学家知道某种病毒可以感染细胞，但不知具体过程

xieguodong

UP!

rikihsu

顶～～～～等待原题

gmat新手22

楼上的这篇类似 但不是今天的试题 暂时未找到这篇原题

dyt0416

顶起来！~~~~

沧月xyz

GWD24-passage four深层地震的成因探析

In most earthquakes the Earth’s crust cracks like porcelain. Stress builds up until a fracture forms at a depth of a few kilometers and the crust slips to relieve the stress. Some earthquakes, however, take place hundreds of kilometers down in the Earth’s mantle, where high pressure makes rock so ductile that it flows instead of cracking, even under stress severe enough to deform it like putty. How can there be earthquakes at such depths?
That such deep events do occur has been accepted only since 1927, when the seismologist Kiyoo Wadati convincingly demonstrated their existence. Instead of comparing the arrival times of seismic waves at different locations, as earlier researchers had done, Wadati relied on a time difference between the arrival of primary (P) waves and the slower secondary (S) waves. Because P and S waves travel at different but fairly constant speeds, the interval between their arrivals increases in proportion to the distance from the earthquake focus, or initial rupture point. For most earthquakes, Wadati discovered, the interval was quite short near the epicenter; the point on the surface where shaking is strongest. For a few events, however, the delay was long even at the epicenter. Wadati saw a similar pattern when he analyzed data on the intensity of shaking. Most earthquakes had a small area of intense shaking, which weakened rapidly with increasing distance from the epicenter, but others were characterized by a lower peak intensity, felt over a broader area. Both the P-S intervals and the intensity patterns suggested two kinds of earthquakes: the more (45) common shallow events, in which the focus lay just under the epicenter, and deep events, with focus several hundred kilometers down.
The question remained: how can such quakes occur, given that mantle rock at a depth of more than 50 kilometers is too ductile to store enough stress to fracture? Wadati’s work suggested that deep events occur in areas (now called Wadati-Benioff zones), where one crustal plate is forced under another and descends into the mantle. The descending rock is substantially cooler than the surrounding mantle and hence is less ductile and much more liable to fracture.
本文体会通篇的对比。
在大多数地震里，地壳瓷般碎裂。压力聚集，直到破裂在数公里深处形成，地壳滑动以释放压力。但是有些地震在数百公里深的地幔发生，虽然在那里压力巨大，岩石变得柔软，浮动而不破裂。这种地震如何发生？
深层地震到了1927年才被接受为事实。前人通常比较不同地点震波的到达时间，而KW则比较P波和S波到达时间的差别。因为P波和S波以不同的连续速度行进，它们到达的间隔随震源距离成比例增长。KW发现，在震中（地表摇得最厉害的地方）附近的间隔较短，但是某些情况下，即使在震中附近间隔也很长。振动密度数据也呈类似结果。大多数地震有一个密集振动的范围，振动随震中距离加大而迅速减少，但是另外一种地震的特点是更广范围更低峰值的强度。P-S间隔和强度类型都暗示了两种地震：更常见的浅层地震，震源在震中下面；还有深层地震，震源在数百公里深处。
问题持续：什么导致了深层地震，既然地幔软得不足以存储压力？KW的实验显示，深层地震出现在一块地壳板块被另一块挤向下方地幔之处。下降的岩石比周围地幔冷一些，所以不那么软，更容易碎裂。

24-30 The author’s explanation of how deep events occur would be most weakened if which of the following were discovered to be true?
A) Deep events are far less common than shallow events.
B) Deep events occur in places other than where crustal plates meet.
Wadati’s work suggested that deep events occur in areas (now called Wadati-Benioff zones), where one crustal plate is forced under another and descends into the mantle.
C) Mantle rock is more ductile at a depth of several hundred kilometers than it is at 50 kilometers.
D) The speeds of both P and S waves are slightly greater than previously thought.
E) Below 650 kilometers earthquakes cease to occur.

24-31 Information presented in the passage suggests that, compared with seismic activity at the epicenter of a shallow event, seismic activity at the epicenter of a deep event is characterized by
A) shorter P-S intervals and higher peak intensity
B) shorter P-S intervals and lower peak intensity
C) longer P-S intervals and similar peak intensity
D) longer P-S intervals and higher peak intensity
E) longer P-S intervals and lower peak intensity
For most earthquakes, Wadati discovered, the interval was quite short near the epicenter; the point on the surface where shaking is strongest.将其取非即可

24-32 The passage supports which of the following statements about the relationship between the epicenter and the focus of an earthquake?
A) P waves originate at the focus and S waves originate at the epicenter.
B) In deep events the epicenter and the focus are reversed.
C) In shallow events the epicenter and the focus coincide
D) In both deep and shallow events the focus lies beneath the epicenter
E) The epicenter is in the crust, whereas the focus is in the mantle.
the more (45) common shallow events, in which the focus lay just under the epicenter, and deep events, with focus several hundred kilometers down.

24-33 The passage suggests that which of the following must take place in order for any earthquake to occur?
I. Stress must build up
II. Cool rock must descend into the mantle.
III. A fracture must occur.
I only
II only
III only
I and III only
I, II and III


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lovertqy

知道是楼主所引用的第几个版本嘛？V1 V2 V3 还是V4，谢谢啦，祝愿二战加油！

vipmona

gmat新手22 (ID: 628510)  很给力！！考的怎么样？

gmat新手22

超新星的和楼主提到的一样

gmat新手22

有一篇 是这样的一模一样。还有一篇是有关地震的，和GWD的一题类似，但不是。第一段说地震发生在surface, 由于pressure等。但第二段又说也有发生在100-150米深的地震，有一个名词M开头，它是一种crystallic(貌似）structure,很容易unstable....后面忘了
 GWD-24-Q30 ~ 37
 In most earthquakes the Earth’s crust cracks like porcelain, Stress builds up until a fracture forms at a depth of a few kilometers and the crust (5) slips to relieve the stress. Some earthquakes, however, take place hundreds of kilometers down in the Earth’s mantle, where high pressure makes rock so ductile that it flows instead of (10) cracking, even under stress severe enough to deform it like putty. How can there be earthquakes at such depths? That such deep events do occur has been accepted only since 1927 when the seismologist Kiyoo Wadati convincingly demonstrated their existence. Instead of comparing the arrival times of seismic waves at different locations, as earlier researchers had done, Wadati relied on a time difference between the arrival of primary(P) waves and the slower secondary(S) waves. Because P and S waves travel at different but fairly constant speeds, the interval between their arrivals increases in proportion to the distance from the earthquake focus, or initial rupture point.
     For most earthquakes, Wadati discovered, the interval was quite short near the epicenter; the point on the surface where shaking is strongest. For a few events, however, the delay was long even at the epicenter. Wadati saw a similar pattern when he analyzed data on the intensity of shaking. Most earthquakes had a small area of intense shaking, which weakened rapidly with increasing distance from the epicenter, but others were characterized by a lower peak intensity, felt over a broader area. Both the P-S intervals and the intensity patterns suggested two kinds of earthquakes: the more common shallow events, in which the focus lay just under the epicenter, and deep events, with a focus several hundred kilometers down.
   The question remained: how can such quakes occur, given that mantle rock at a depth of more than 50 kilometers is too ductile to store enough stress to fracture? Wadati’s work suggested that deep events occur in areas (now called Wadati-Benioff zones) where one crustal plate is forced under another and descends into the mantle. The descending rock is substantially cooler than the surrounding mantle and hence is less ductile and much more liable to fracture.