OG12 72 means 的用法

lijundkj

More and more in recent years, cities are stressing
the arts as a means to greater economic development
and investing millions of dollars in cultural activities,
despite strained municipal budgets and fading federal
support.
(A) to greater economic development and investing
(B) to greater development economically and
investing
(C) of greater economic development and invest
(D) of greater development economically and invest
(E) for greater economic development and the
investment of

请问 as a means of, as a means for, as a means to 用法的区别

Hendy

fairypp 发表于 2012-9-24 06:14
Means' is used in two idiomatically correct expressions as noted below. These expressions however ha ...

very good from egamt

兰心寒

justlikeabird 发表于 2013-5-25 22:47
说的对。这个解释真是让人一下就明白了。9#的朋友提到的  e-gmat 的帖子，各位同学可以查看如下链接：

h ...

这个解释里说的是investing和greater economic development平行？不对吧？

justlikeabird

fairypp 发表于 2012-9-24 06:14
Means' is used in two idiomatically correct expressions as noted below. These expressions however ha ...

说的对。这个解释真是让人一下就明白了。9#的朋友提到的  e-gmat 的帖子，各位同学可以查看如下链接：

http://gmatclub.com/forum/more-and-more-in-recent-years-cities-are-stressing-the-arts-86568.html?fl=similar   

fairypp

Means' is used in two idiomatically correct expressions as noted below. These expressions however have different meanings:

x {as a means of} y = x is a type of y
x {as a means to} y = x is a method to achieve y

For example:
Walking is a means of exercise.
Some people use walking as a means to stay fit.

We will now put this in the context of the sentence in question:

City is stressing arts as a means to greater economic development
The usage of expression as a means to is appropriate here since "arts" is a method to achieve "greater economic development.

Thus, whenever you have to make the decision between using "as a means to" or "as a means of" always check which of the two meanings will make sense:
"a type of" or "a method to achieve"

I hope this helps.

from  e-Gmat

luul65

我觉得OG的解释还挺有问题
as a means+ to/of/for 都是可以的吧
只是不同的介词表达的意思有点细小的差别

lpdeng

when I googled those three phrases, I found that "as a means of" is the most used, "as a means to" is the second and "as a means for" is much less used.

I think OG gave a clear expanation on the differences between "as a means to" and "as a means of".  There are subtal differences in the meaning of "to" and "of".

preposition "to" suggests the meaning of "leading to the results of".  "of" suggests possession relationship of the preceding noun and the succeding noun.

lijundkj

事发的时候不小心发错了

呵呵,ANYWAY THANKS!

lijundkj

The idiom as a means to correctly communicates that stressing the arts is a method for achieving greater economic development. The idiom as a means of would incorrectly suggest that stressing the arts is a kind of greater economic development. Th e
adjective economic is needed to modify the noun development, and investing must be parallel to stressing.
A Correct. Th e idiom as a means to is correct in this sentence; stressing and investing are parallel.
B Adverb economically is the wrong part of speech and conveys the incorrect meaning.
C Of should be to to form the correct idiom; invest should be investing to parallel stressing.
D Of should be to to form the correct idiom; adverb economically is the wrong part of
speech and conveys the incorrect meaning; invest should be investing to parallel stressing.
E As a means for is not idiomatic; the investment of is awkward and is not parallel to stressing.
Th e correct answer is A.  OG解释感觉没解释清楚~~

九天仙女

这是语法，不是逻辑。LZ发错版了。我这个问题也困扰的
不过我Google和金山词霸的时候 发现as a means of = as a means to 没有as a means for。 但是貌似OG说 as a means of 不对
不晓得为什么。