OG12 的题，对解释和题目有些小疑问~~~~

水色青空

83. Journalist: In physics journals, the number of articles reporting the results of experiments involving particle
accelerators was lower last year than it had been in previous years. Several of the particle accelerators at major
research institutions were out of service the year before last for repairs, so it is likely that the low number of
articles was due to the decline in availability of particle accelerators.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the journalist’s argument?

(A) Every article based on experiments with particle accelerators that was submitted for publication last year
actually was published.


(B) The average time scientists must wait for access to a particle accelerator has declined over the last
several years.


(C) The number of physics journals was the same last year as in previous years.


(D) Particle accelerators can be used for more than one group of experiments in any given year.


(E) Recent changes in the editorial policies of several physics journals have decreased the likelihood that
articles concerning particle-accelerator research will be accepted for publication.

Reasoning  What point undermines the journalist’s argument? Th e journalist assumes that the
researchers’ lack of access to the accelerators is responsible for the decline in the number
of articles. What else could explain fewer articles? What if the decline is due, not to the
availability of the accelerators for experiments, but to policies regarding publishing
articles related to such experiments? An alternate explanation is that changes in the
editorial policies of physics journals, rather than the eff ect of the out-of-service
accelerators, could well be responsible for the lower number of published articles about
particle-accelerator research.


正确答案是E.但是我的问题是A选项。A的意思大概就是说已经提交给出版社的关于加速器的文章去年实际上已经出版了。这个算不算他因削弱？因为有一部分文章已经出版了，所以今年出版的数目就少了？



98. An experiment was done in which human subjects recognize a pattern within a matrix of abstract designs and
then select another design that completes that pattern. The results of the experiment were surprising. The
lowest expenditure of energy in neurons in the brain was found in those subjects who performed most
successfully in the experiments.
Which of the following hypotheses best accounts for the findings of the experiment?


(A) The neurons of the brain react less when a subject is trying to recognize patterns than when the subject is
doing other kinds of reasoning.


(B) Those who performed best in the experiment experienced more satisfaction when working with abstract
patterns than did those who performed less well.


(C) People who are better at abstract pattern recognition have more energy-efficient neural connections.


(D) The energy expenditure of the subjects’ brains increases when a design that completes the initially
recognized pattern is determined.


(E) The task of completing a given design is more capably performed by athletes, whose energy expenditure
is lower when they are at rest.

这个题目非常有疑问，正确答案C中有这样一句限定的话：) People who are better at abstract pattern recognition，这难道不是改变了文章的范围吗？文章可并没有提到这类人啊？？疑惑啊！！~~或者是不是第一句话我没有读懂是什么意思？NN帮忙解释一下啊，第一句话非常的模糊！~


100. One way to judge the performance of a company is to compare it with other companies. This technique,
commonly called “benchmarking,” permits the manager of a company to discover better industrial practices
and can provide a justification for the adoption of good practices.


Any of the following, if true, is a valid reason for benchmarking the performance of a company against
companies with which it is not in competition rather than against competitors EXCEPT:


(A) Comparisons with competitors are most likely to focus on practices that the manager making the
comparisons already employs.


(B) Getting “inside” information about the unique practices of competitors is particularly difficult.


(C) Since companies that compete with each other are likely to have comparable levels of efficiency, only
benchmarking against noncompetitors is likely to reveal practices that would aid in beating competitors.


(D) Managers are generally more receptive to new ideas that they find outside their own industry.


(E) Much of the success of good companies is due to their adoption of practices that take advantage of the
special circumstances of their products or markets.

想请问一下，这道题目问题是什么意思？没有看懂唉~~~~~

水色青空

83  A项是他因加强~文中没有提到今年啊。the results of experiments...was lower last year than it had been in previous years,讨论的是去年的情况，既然已经把能出版的都出版了，就排除掉了一个publication的因素，有可能是设备的问题

-- by 会员 张大猴 (2009/11/21 19:45:03)

so 我想再问一下，文章最后一句so it is likely that the low number of
articles was due to the decline in availability of particle accelerators.


到底是什么意思？the availability of particle accelerators是指什么呢？作者的观点到底是什么，我感觉我没有完全明白它的观点是什么，所以对削弱不清楚，求助

张大猴

B 得到竞争者内部的消息尤其困难，这是无法与competitors比较的原因
E 许多公司的成功是因为他们采取了利用他们产品和市场的特殊条件的措施。这些利用了他们产品和市场的特殊条件的company指他们的竞争者。竞争者是指在同一个市场内，生产同一种产品的厂商

张大猴

100   问题的意思是公司应该和不跟自己竟争的公司比较，而不是和与自己竞争的公司比较，哪个不是原因
A 竞争者之间的比较会倾向于比较管理人员之间的 practices 。有助于benchmarking的目的之一，即discover better industrial practices
B

张大猴

83  A项是他因加强~文中没有提到今年啊。the results of experiments...was lower last year than it had been in previous years,讨论的是去年的情况，既然已经把能出版的都出版了，就排除掉了一个publication的因素，有可能是设备的问题