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Among the myths taken as fact by the environmental mana- gers of most corporations is the Line belief that environmental regula- (5) tions affect all competitors in a given industry uniformly. In reality, regulatory costs—and therefore compliance—fall unevenly, economically disad- (10) vantaging some companies and benefiting others. For example, a plant situated near a number of larger noncompliant competitors is less likely to attract the (15) attention of local regulators than is an isolated plant, and less attention means lower costs. Additionally, large plants can spread compliance costs such (20) as waste treatment across a larger revenue base; on the other hand, some smaller plants may not even be subject to certain provisions such as permit or (25) reporting requirements by virtue of their size. Finally, older production technologies often continue to generate toxic wastes that were not regulated when the (30 ) technology was first adopted. New regulations have imposed extensive compliance costs on companies still using older industrial coal-fired burners that (35) generate high sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide outputs, for example, whereas new facilities generally avoid processes that would create such waste pro- (40) ducts. By realizing that they have discretion and that not all industries are affected equally by environmental regulation, environmental managers can (45) help their companies to achieve a competitive edge by anticipating regulatory pressure and exploring all possibilities for addressing how changing regula- (50) tions will affect their companies specifically.
有颜色部分这句话是什么意思？这里的be subject to 是什么意思？
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