有个困惑已久的问题想请教,关于comparison的,请见OG18的758和772这两道题。同样涉及了price+时间+than的比较,为什么两题的比较对象不一样的呢?在comparison的题里面怎么确定比较的对象呢?就是XX 和that of XX区别。772官方解释C选项说the possessive year's is not parallel with the adverbial phrase this year,为什么不能理解为the oil prices this year is higher than those of last year(last year's)
==以下是我用曼哈顿的原则总结的感想,可以讨论一下哈。
这种A more THAN Y的比较结构其实遵循两条原则:
1.X and Y should have the same grammatical structure.
2.X and Y should be logically matched in meaning and structure.
应用到解题时就要注意X的表达结构是如何的。
例如时间在X是作为状语的,那么Y的time period也可以作为状语,compare the two adverbial phrase.
又例如时间在X是作为noun modifier,那么Y的time period也应该作为Y中的noun modifier,compare the two noun phrase.
盖里橙 发表于 2018-9-19 09:58
你的意思是,this year在前半句作状语,因此than前后两个time period的比较吗?this year vs last(last y ...
国外论坛的一个解释是这样的,(A) compares now to a year ago. (B) compares prices now to those (prices) of a year ago. While it can be acceptable to compare timeframes (as in OG 2017 #772 / OG 2016 #104 “this year” and “last [year]”), the more precise comparison in this problem is between the two prices: prices now versus prices of a year ago. 我觉得讲得有道理,问题出在句意而不是语法上
prices are higher now than ( prices) a year ago (correct)——》price now VS price a year ago——》共同项prices不用重复
另外一种写法,prices被those代替:prices are higher now than those of a year ago (correct)——》prices可以用those替代
prices are higher than a year ago (incorrect)——》没有了now之后,就没有prices now VS prices a year ago的对比了,成了prices VS a year ago (错误)
prices are higher than those of a year ago (correct)
你说的这道题:
Most of the country’s biggest daily newspapers had lower circulation in the six months from October 1995 through March 1996 than a similar period a year earlier.
(A) a similar period
(B) a similar period’s
(C) in a similar period
(D) that in a similar period
(E) that of a similar period
A has a low circulation in XX period.
A has a low circulation in YY period.
XX时期的circulation更低——》共同项(low circulation)改成比较级,in XX period VS in YY period留下做对比。(但是不能像选项D中那样加上that,因为that在这个句子里指代的是lower circulation,这就不对了。而下面的例子里,that/those保留是对的例句里,“those"指代“small cars“,而不是” small cars that are more efficient“,所以是对的。)
对比另外一道题:
Today's technology allows manufacturers to make small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their production history.
· small cars more fuel-efficient now than at any time in their
· small cars that are more fuel-efficient than they were at any time in their
· small cars that are more fuel-efficient than those at any other time in
· more fuel-efficient small cars than those at any other time in their
· more fuel-efficient small cars now than at any time in
选项C中的结构是“small cars that are more ... than those at any other time",即:small cars VS those (small cars) at any other time对比,those需要保留。
关于时间状语的比较,可以看另外一道题OG784,than的前后是preposition phrase的比较:in the six months from October 1995 through March 1996 & in a similar period a year earlier。可以看看A选项的官方解释,为什么要加介词in。
我自己做题的感觉是如果句子的开头是noun phrase,然后又涉及不同时间的比较的话,那么than后面的时间段要是that/those of-time phrase.就像是758那样,实质是noun phrase之间的比较。
PRICES XXXX are higher NOW than THOSE of A YEAR AGO。
PRICES XXXX are higher NOW than last year’s。
this year/a year ago这种也可以做状语:my salary is higher this year than last year; my IQ is higher now than a year ago
这两个例子里就是“时间状语”和“时间状语”平行了。
这种也是对的啊(你也觉得没有问题吧?!)。