求助：OG12的第13题

jiasui0

原题：In Swartkans territory, archaeologists discovered charred bone fragments dating back one million years. Analysis of the fragments, which came from a variety of animals, showed that they had been heated to temperatures no higher than those produced in experimental campfires made from branches of white stinkwood, the most common tree around Swartkans.
Which of the following, if true, would, together with the information above, provide the best basis for the claim that the charred bone fragments are evidence of the use of fire by early hominids?
(A) The white stinkwood tree is used for building material by the present-day inhabitants of Swartkans.
(B) Forest fires can heat wood to a range of temperatures that occur in campfires.
(C) The bone fragments were fitted together by the archaeologists to form the complete skeletons of several animals.
(D) Apart from the Swartkans discovery, there is reliable evidence that early hominids used fire as many as 500,000 years ago.
(E) The bone fragments were found in several distinct layers of limestone that contained primitive cutting tools known to have been used by early hominids.
答案是E，OG的解释是说：This information links early hominids to these bone fragments and so strengthens the argument.
但是我认为E选项中的primitive cutting tools 与 using fire 无关，原始人可以cut and eat 生肉啊，不一定需要火烤熟啊。
求助，这个选项应该怎么理解啊？

Pistachio_lin

Ly2016 发表于 2017-7-13 11:14
我认为本题 的逻辑链是：结论的言外之意-确实是人放火烧了骨头，前提-骨头是被一种附近的一种木头烧毁的， ...

Mark一下！               

Ly2016

我认为本题 的逻辑链是：结论的言外之意-确实是人放火烧了骨头，前提-骨头是被一种附近的一种木头烧毁的，因此结论和前提之间的assumption在于：没有除了人以外的原因火导致骨头被烧毁。因此加强可以从两个方面：一是 证明火不是由非人为以外得原因导致的，如 自然灾害；二是 证明确实是人导致的火的产生，而E选项正好提供了论据 证明了切肉工具和被烧骨头之间有关系，而切肉工具与人有关系，从而加强结论人和被烧骨头之间有关系。
而你说的那种工具有可能是用来切生肉的情况确实存在，但是问题中明确指出要和文段的premise结合加强结论，因此要找出文段中已有的premise和结论之间的flaw点（即人和被烧骨头之间是否有关），进行加强。而到底是切的生肉还是熟肉与是否using fire无关，因为就算切的生肉，最后也可以把骨头烧掉。我认为CR还是要注意根据文段中premise和conclusion之间的联系也就是assumption或者gap，而不能自己想当然，进行解答。

Fiona09

跟工具一起找到，为人类活动提供了证据。说明不是被自然大火烧的，而是跟人类活动联系在一起的。

补充事实，增强了结论

轩辕aa

逻辑要证明charred bone 和 hominids有关系
所以人类工具和charred bone 一起发现时
能证明bone和人有关系
至于cutting 不cutting不重要