老prep rc2 #20

kittenalways

Essay #6.  196    (22098-!-item-!-188;#058&00196-00)

According to P. F. Drucker, the management philosophy known as Total Quality Management (TQM), which is designed to be adopted consistently throughout an organization and to improve customer service by using sampling theory to reduce the variability of a product's quality, can work successfully in conjunction with two older management systems.  As Drucker notes, TQM's scientific approach is consistent with the statistical sampling techniques of the "rationalist" school of scientific management, and the organizational structure associated with TQM is consistent with the social and psychological emphases of the "human relations" school of management.

However, TQM cannot simply be grafted onto these systems or onto certain other non-TQM management systems.  Although, as Drucker contends, TQM shares with such systems the ultimate objective of increasing profitability, TQM requires fundamentally different strategies.  While the other management systems referred to use upper management decision-making and employee specialization to maximize shareholder profits over the short term, TQM envisions the interests of employees, shareholders, and customers as convergent.  For example, lower prices not only benefit consumers but also enhance an organization's competitive edge and ensure its continuance, thus benefiting employees and owners.  TQM's emphasis on shared interests is reflected in the decentralized decision-making, integrated production activity, and lateral structure of organizations that achieve the benefits of TQM.

Question #20.  196-05    (22190-!-item-!-188;#058&000196-05)

Which of the following best describes the relationship of the second paragraph to the first paragraph?

(A) It presents contrasting explanations for a phenomenon presented in the first paragraph.
(B) It discusses an exception to a general principle outlined in the first paragraph.
(C) It provides information that qualifies a claim presented in the first paragraph.
(D) It presents an example that strengthens a claim presented in the first paragraph.
(E) It presents an alternative approach to solving a problem discussed in the first paragraph.
求思路 为什么选C

kittenalways

求助啊

杨一明

我也很想知道啊~~~

miocat

同求助！！！

miocat

搜到的：這題我用排除的方式選到C
(A) It presents contrasting explanations for a phenomenon presented in the first paragraph.
1,2段是轉折關係而不是contrasting
(B) It discusses an exception to a general principle outlined in the first paragraph.
文章中沒提到exception的部份
(D) It presents an example that strengthens a claim presented in the first paragraph.
example 是在第2段最後才說明到，無法表示relationship.
(E) It presents an alternative approach to solving a problem discussed in the first paragraph.
an alternative approach to solving a problem ==> 文章中沒提到如何解決問題

qualify 應該要解釋為 : 更精確地修飾描繪 .... 更精準的描述某個觀點和論點