费费逻辑宝典题3，20讨论！

lemonee · 发表于 2003-9-23 05:35:00

费费逻辑宝典题3讨论！
3. Because of the recent recession in Country A most magazines published there have experienced decreases in advertising revenue, so much so that the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave doubt. At the same time, however, more people in Country A are reading more magazines than ever before, and the number of financially successful magazines in Country A is greater than ever.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resole the apparent discrepancy in the information above?
(A) Most magazines reduce the amount they charge for advertisement’s during a recession.
(B) The audience for a successful television show far exceeds the readership of even the most widely read magazine.
(C) Advertising is the main source of revenue only for the most widely read magazines; other magazines rely on circulation for their revenue.
(D) Because of the recession, people in Country A have cut back on magazine subscriptions and are reading borrowed magazines.
(E) More of the new general interest magazines that were launched this year in Country A have survived than survived in previous years.
给出的答案C
解释：
C：抓住了分歧点：read magazine和financially successful magazines的区别

我认为选e
C 抓住了分歧点,但无法解释为什么more people read more magazine
e说明今年有新发行的刊物解释前一现象。more survival 解释the greater number of financially successful magazines

20. A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by the armed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with a rise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in that republic. Since 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts, the correlation leads to the conclusion that the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
(A) A large number of 18-year-old high school graduates were recruited for the republic’s armed services in 1986 than in 1980.
(B) Many of the high-technology systems used by the republic’s armed services can be operated only by individuals who have completed a high school education.
(C) Between 1980 and 1986 the percentage of high school graduates among 18-year-olds recruited in the republic rose sharply.
(D) Personnel of the republic’s armed services are strongly encouraged to finish their high school education.
(E) The proportion of recruits who had completed at least two years of college education was greater in 1986 than in 1980.
给出的答案是C
我认为是B
" 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts"
B选项说只能招高中毕业生。否定了招drop out 的可能，从而weaken 了结论

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-23 6:53:24编辑过]

braveMBA · 发表于 2003-9-23 06:37:00

以下是引用lemonee在2003-9-23 5:35:00的发言：
3. Because of the recent recession in Country A most magazines published there have experienced decreases in advertising revenue, so much so that the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave doubt. At the same time, however, more people in Country A are reading more magazines than ever before, and the number of financially successful magazines in Country A is greater than ever.
Which one of the following, if true, most helps to resole the apparent discrepancy in the information above?
(A) Most magazines reduce the amount they charge for advertisement’s during a recession.
(B) The audience for a successful television show far exceeds the readership of even the most widely read magazine.
(C) Advertising is the main source of revenue only for the most widely read magazines; other magazines rely on circulation for their revenue.
(D) Because of the recession, people in Country A have cut back on magazine subscriptions and are reading borrowed magazines.
(E) More of the new general interest magazines that were launched this year in Country A have survived than survived in previous years.

Discrepancy:
Evidence 1- the survival of the most widely read magazines is in grave
Evidence 2- the number of financially successful magazines in Country A is greater than ever

Hiden Premise: the most widely read magazines = magazines in Country A

攻击点：两个集合不同，没有包含关系。因为最畅销的杂志同其他众多的杂志并不是一样的杂志，并不是所有country A的杂志

C is perfect. D实际上没有起到解释作用，因为没有说到差异之间的比较，即两个集合之间的关系。属于无关选项。

SORRY，刚才写错了答案了。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-23 7:02:49编辑过]

braveMBA · 发表于 2003-9-23 06:50:00

20. A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by the armed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with a rise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in that republic. Since 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts, the correlation leads to the conclusion that the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.
Which one of the following statements, if true, most weakens the argument?
(A) A large number of 18-year-old high school graduates were recruited for the republic’s armed services in 1986 than in 1980.
(B) Many of the high-technology systems used by the republic’s armed services can be operated only by individuals who have completed a high school education.
(C) Between 1980 and 1986 the percentage of high school graduates among 18-year-olds recruited in the republic rose sharply.
(D) Personnel of the republic’s armed services are strongly encouraged to finish their high school education.
(E) The proportion of recruits who had completed at least two years of college education was greater in 1986 than in 1980.

感觉这是一道很好的题。

Conclusion:
the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.

Evidence:
E1 - A rise in the percentage of all 18-year-olds who were recruited by the armed services of a small republic between 1980 and 1986 correlates with a rise in the percentage of young people who dropped out of high school in that republic
E2 - 18-year-olds in the republic are generally either high school graduates or high school dropouts

Hiden Premise:
18 high school graduates 对 recruitment rate的增长没有那么大影响或者根本无关

A极具有迷惑性，因为E1中说到的是percentage，而A谈到的是NUMBERS。同时，A只谈到了1986和1980两年之间的关系，并不能代表这个区间。
B属于无关选项，因为要通过这个选项进行很多延伸推论。例如：虽然Many of the high-technology systems ，但是也许使用这部分系统的人只占很小的比重。
C is perfect. 说到的是percentage，而且是 1980-1986，且rose sharply，如果不是sharply，这个选项也有问题，很难攻击结论。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-23 6:53:59编辑过]

lemonee · 发表于 2003-9-23 06:58:00

现在知道版主和我的差距了－－－－我看你的解释都吃力。等我消化一下再来讨论
第一题我的意思是选E 你选B? 给出的答案选C? 你的什么的立场？

braveMBA · 发表于 2003-9-23 07:05:00

刚才写错答案了，改过来了。难道我的语言表达能力有问题？哈哈，好孤独呀

joice · 发表于 2003-9-23 09:50:00

oh, man, you are really good. I should train in this way.
Feeling cold at the top of the mountain?

answers,agree.

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-23 10:02:41编辑过]

dorbear · 发表于 2003-9-23 13:35:00

矛盾解释题直接判断即可，这样理解应该简单一些：
3、矛盾解释
“抓住了分歧点,但无法解释为什么more people read more magazine” from Lemonee.

C 其实很好解释两个矛盾的现象：由于广告收入减少，而除了主要杂志以外，其他（更多的）一般杂志依靠扩大发行量获得成功，这样当然人们阅读的杂志也就增加了。（Ｅ）表明当年新办杂志倒闭数量比以前减少，但我们并不知道总的杂志量是否增加，很可能倒闭的都是前些年开办的杂志。因此不作为答案。

20、这是一个它因存在型削弱，无论有无Sharply都成立，因为削弱就是削弱，选项之间绝对没有程度强弱之分。题干中有时出现的Most, Best 是虚设的。
（B) 不是答案的原因是搂主在阅读时人为增加一个条件：雇佣新兵主要为了使用新技术系统，可是原文并没有任何提及，所以不作为答案。

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-9-23 13:53:14编辑过]

braveMBA · 发表于 2003-9-23 22:02:00

以下是引用dorbear在2003-9-23 13:35:00的发言：

20、这是一个它因存在型削弱，无论有无Sharply都成立，因为削弱就是削弱，选项之间绝对没有程度强弱之分。题干中有时出现的Most, Best 是虚设的。

感觉，没有SHARPLY似乎有问题，因为结论是the republic’s recruitment rates for 18-year-olds depend substantially on recruitment rates for high school dropouts.
是substantially，不是绝对的全部是dropout，也就是说结论不否认有graduates，只是主要地依靠dropout，所以如果没有SHARPLY，例如只是一点点，A LITTLE，根本无法对结论进行削弱，因为结论根本没有否认。

dorbear · 发表于 2003-9-24 01:08:00

这就是常常所提到的 “答案的不充分性”；只要是加强和削弱题型，答案都不需要有绝对充分性，只要在一定程度，或轻或重，起到相应的作用就可以。此题而言，没有Sharply，答案仍然只能是C。

但的确，Sharply的存在使得答案比较友好，一见如故；没有Sharply, 虽然也是答案，但比较险恶。

个人意见！

lemonee · 发表于 2003-9-25 05:21:00

谢谢你们的意见。admire you guy's sharp sense!

费费逻辑宝典题3，20讨论！

费费逻辑宝典题3，20讨论！

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