method of reasoning帮忙分析一下原文结构!!!!

jkzlg · 发表于 2011-8-5 11:06:39

Garbage in this neighbourhood probably will not be collected until Thursday this week. Garbage is usually collected here on Wednesdays, and the garbage collectors in this city are extremely reliable. However, Monday was a public holiday, and after a public holiday that falls on a Monday, garbage throughout the city is supposed to be collected one day later than usual.
The argument proceeds by
A) treating several pieces of irrelevant evidence as though they provide support for the conclusion
B) indirectly establishing that one thing is likely to occur by directly ruling out all of the alternative possibilities
C) providing information that allows application of a general rule to a specific case.
D) generalizing about all actions of a certain kind on the basis of a description of one such action
E) treating something that is probable as though it were inevitable

C正确. 看不懂解释. 说A错在This answer assumes the argument is invalid 我觉得原文这种推理也是猜测的不就是invalid吗?; B是半对半错我不懂one thing指什么? posibilities又是指什么; D是reverse answer. E 错在极端化 something这里又是指什么啊?

原文各句的哪个是结论哪个是前提啊...我糊涂了...

chasingM7 · 发表于 2011-8-5 11:51:08

Conclusion: Garbage in this neighbourhood probably will not be collected until Thursday this week
Premises: 1) usually collecton weds
2) collector are reliable.
3) BUT, if monday is holiday, collect on thursday (coz one day later)

premises tells you a general rule - if monday is holiday, then collect on thursday.

the specific case is "Neighbourhood".

hope it helps.

jkzlg · 发表于 2011-8-5 13:22:07

哦...但是其他选项又错在哪里呢?

sy900406 · 发表于 2011-10-3 00:25:22

我大概想了下你的问题，我是这样理解的，但是也不知道这样回答对不对？
首先正确答案对A解释说是invalid可能是因为选项中有 irrelevant evidence 的原因。我觉得这与原文矛盾。
B中indirectly establishing应该是其中正确的部分，因为原文中结论的确立是有二楼所说的3条premises推论出来的。所以我觉得这应该是算间接确立了。one thing 带回到文中则是指 Garbage in this neighbourhood probably will not be collected until Thursday this week 这件事情。而选项的意思是这件事情是有可能发生的。而其发生的条件就是直接排除了所有可能的替代办法。明显所谓的“排除可能替代的方法”这一点，文中并没有体现。
D的话，我不好怎么翻译，只能说如果选项理解出来就是说这件因为放假而引起的个案成为了所有情况的一种概述。恩。明显是reverse answer
E中something应该指的是原文中“因为星期一放假而导致垃圾周二不能回收的这样的个案” 。我认为文中的conclusion本身就是个assumption 我们虽然在推论的时候不能否定。但是也不能绝对地认为是不可避免的，这样作为一个假设的情况并非是一定会发生的。所以说该选项是极端的。
不知道我的解释是否有用~~因为本身也是初学，所以不合理的地方还请谅解。

xhan510 · 发表于 2013-9-7 06:14:30

Conclusion: Garbage in this neighborhood probably will not be collected until Thursday this week.这已经是一种特殊的case了。

Why this week is more so special?
Because Monday was a public holiday, and after a public holiday that falls on a Monday, garbage throughout the city is supposed to be collected one day after later than usual.

Then, when garbage is collected usually?
Garbage is usually collected here on Wednesdays.

可以这么理解，因为周一假日，所以周二必须收垃圾(special case monday is holiday, next day is to collect garbage)。然后，周三都是通常收垃圾的时间。但是，这周要周四再来收垃圾。就是不巧的两件事情发生到了一起去了。有没有holiday，这周是周四收垃圾。不巧的是，这周又是holiday。

xhan510 · 发表于 2013-9-7 06:32:45

这题也满怪的，所以，到底周二来不来呢？那周二来，周四还来嘛？还是周二，周四都来。

probably, is supposed to,都是模棱两可的。

method of reasoning帮忙分析一下原文结构!!!!

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