[求助]大全-15-5,大全-18-16

151．Mayor: In each of the past five years, the city has cut school funding and each time school officials complained that the cuts would force them to reduce expenditures for essential  services. But each time, only expenditures for nonessential services were actually reduced.   So school officials can implement further cuts without reducing any expenditures for essential services.
  
  Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the mayor’s conclusion?
  (A) The city’s schools have always provided essential services as efficiently as they have provided nonessential services.
  (B) Sufficient funds are currently available to allow the city’s schools to provide some nonessential services.
  (C) Price estimates quoted to the city’s schools for the provision of nonessential services have not increased substantially since the most recent school funding cut.
  (D) Few influential city administrators support the funding of costly nonessential services in the city’s schools.
  (E) The city’s school officials rarely exaggerate the potential impact of threatened funding cuts.

Key: B, mine: C.  
B: 假设了NONESSENTIAL的花费要比ESSENTIAL的花费少，虽然这是 COMMON SENSE，但做推断前是不是应该有个基础说一下吧？
C: 因为NONESSENTIAL的花费没有狂飙，所以才有余地让REDUCTION仍旧在NONESSENTIAL范围内进行，还不影响到ESSENTIAL。

194. After observing the Earth’s weather patterns and the 11-year sunspot cycle of the Sun for 36 years, scientists have found that high levels of sunspot activity precede shifts in wind patterns that affect the Earth’s weather. One can conclude that meteorologists will be able to improve their weather forecasts based on this information.

   Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?
   (A) Weather forecasts are more detailed today than they were 36 years ago.
   (B) Scientists can establish that sunspot activity directly affects the Earth’s weather.
   (C) Evidence other than sunspot activity has previously enabled meteorologists to forecast the weather conditions that are predictable on the basis of sunspot activity.
   (D) Scientists have not determined why the sunspot activity on the Sun follows an 11-year cycle.
   (E) It has been established that predictable wind patterns yield predictable weather patterns.

Key: C, mine: E. 想不通C是什么思路。

151，答案B说NONESSENTIAL SERVICES有充足的FUNDING，所以继续削减开支，还可以继续砍NONESSENTIAL SERVICES的开支，而不会影响ESSENTIAL SERVICES。C说NONESSENTIAL钱没涨，但是如果本来就已经很少了，那么继续削减开支，就可能会影响到ESSENTIAL SERVICES了，所以C是不对的。

194，答案C说，现在已经有的条件就能推断出根据那个新发现推断出的天气情况，所以新发现对预报天气并没什么作用，也就不能IMPROVE预报天气了。

SHASHA，你的思路很清楚啊，被你一说都不知道自己原来怎么想的了

18-15削弱题

第一句fact

scientist found  sunspot activity precede shifts in wind, shift in wind affect the Earth's weather.

第二句conclusion

meteorologists will be able to improve their weather forecasts based on  this information.

削弱这个conclusion，指出 on this information 不能improve ，因为evidence  other than sunspot activity效果一样。

x选项e说wind patterns yield predictable weather patterns进一步说明第一句的方法可行，因而是support

(A) The city’s schools have always provided essential services as efficiently as they have provided nonessential services.（削弱，本来是一样多，现在NE减少了，那么肯定要从E那里拨款到NE那里啊）