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还有诗歌这个哈~~有题目选项什么的还记得么？？
31.诗人
V1: 大概是讲诗人，objectivism，有一个诗人叫什么名字，写的一篇巨作“testimony"。然后说到他们和romanticism有什么不同，说浪漫主义用很多metaphor，然后他们objectivism不是通过具体事物感知什么的，反正很抽象很深奥！！崩溃。。
V2：我看到的没有While the shift in form draws even more attention to the language(as in the isolation of "bruises" in the lines just quoted), thelater editions employ thes ame third-person perspective, looking to theobjective language of a judicial opinion, the words as words, rather thansubjective experience or metaphor, for the emotional intensity of the poem.With its use of judicial opinions as the raw material of poetry, Testimonyradically undercuts the traditional assumption that the poet works in a privatesphere that is somehow separate from the pressures and pulls of the publicdomain. Not only is the poem an object, but it is an object taken from theworkaday world that poets traditionally have viewed as unsuitable for poetry.Testimony never lets us forget that it is judicial opinions the poet isexpounding这一段
然后有个选项可以确定是选这个人的long-time work
【考古】已确认
流派诗人
V1:by wulala1990
最长的一篇是说一个叫R...off的人，写了一部Testimony的诗集
第一段是说，这个诗集是由Objective Press出版的，这个人支持objectism还是objectism支持他。与objectism持不同意见的是romantic学派。区别在于O认为详细的描述是好的，R认为transcendemotions by symbols是好的
第二段说这个人死了之后又出版了两本著作。
第三段说他的观点对law,法庭上的辩护，public speech都有很大影响。
问题有一个是类比，说R和shelly(一个romantic学派的人)的关系最类似于以下哪两个人的关系?
primary purpose
V2: by cynthia628 Q51,V33
一篇关于Testimony的诗歌的文章：
只记得第一段了：Testimony是一部诗集还是一首诗来着，是XXX写的(具体人名记不清了)，属于Objectivism的风格，注重真实反映。然后与Romanticism的代表人物Wordsworth(华兹华斯)Shelley(雪莱，就是那个写“冬天来了，春天还会远吗?"的那个英国诗人)的作品风格进行了对比。这篇文章很长。
考古：by XYXB
原文：
The first installment of Testimony was published in1934 by the Objectivist Press, which had been started several years earlier topromote the views of poets including William Carlos Williams, Louis Zuk of sky,George Oppen, and Reznikoff himself .They were believers in Objectivism, ashort-lived but still influential offshoot of poetic Modernism, the early20th-century assault by T. S. Eliot,Ezra Pound, and others on theEnlightenment-influenced poetics of their predecessors. For the Objectivists,the poem was an object, not a report by the poet of what he or she thought orfelt. They rejected the emphasis by19th-century Romantic poets like Wordsworthand Shelley on the poet's subjective experience of transcendent meaning asdepicted through metaphor and symbol. (The title and opening line ofWordsworth's well-known poem about daffodils, "I wandered lonely as acloud," is a good example of the tendencies that the Objectivists judgedartificial and misleading.) The Objectivists believed that feeling and emotionshould come through the choice of details and the sound and appearance of wordson the page.
Reznikoff continued to work on Testimony throughouthis life. In the 1960s, he published two new volumes (the first drawn fromjudicial opinions of 1885-1890, thesecond from opinions of 1891-1900); twoadditional volumes (1901-1910 and1911-1915) were published after his death. Ineach of the later volumes ,Reznikoff revised his art, reshaping the documentarymaterial into syncopated lines of poetry.
The Negro was dead/when the doctors examinedhim," a characteristic poem begins: They found upon his belly bruises: hedied, the doctors said, of peritonitis.
While the shift in form draws even more attention tothe language (as in the isolation of "bruises" in the lines justquoted), the later editions employ thes ame third-person perspective, lookingto the objective language of a judicial opinion, the words as words, ratherthan subjective experience or metaphor, for the emotional intensity of thepoem. With its use of judicial opinions as the raw material of poetry,Testimony radically undercuts the traditional assumption that the poet works ina private sphere that is somehow separate from the pressures and pulls of thepublic domain. Not only is the poem an object, but it is an object taken fromthe workaday world that poets traditionally have viewed as unsuitable forpoetry. Testimony never lets us forget that it is judicial opinions the poet isexpounding.
Reznikoff's most important innovation and chieflegacy to subsequent poets was this use of social speech, the public languageof lawyers, to further the Modernist project of drawing attention to thelinguistic qualities of a poem. By juxtaposing the descriptions of fact—the underlying story—of one case afteranother, he created an emotionally powerful collage from the apparentlyimpersonal language of judicial opinions, a collage that chronicles America'sstruggle with slavery and its emergence as a commercial and industrial power.
P1：说Charles Reznikoff这个人写了名叫作Testmony的诗歌作品，是他从当时的法庭案件中引用了很多到他的诗集中去，从而开创了一种诗歌形式叫"objectivism"。然后就出现了一大串的人名，他们是和CharlesReznikoff站在一边的，都是objectivists。之后对objectivists做了同位语解释，还说了是一种短暂但是influential的诗歌流派。然后就出现了强对比：说了与传统诗人的不同，objectivism形势和以前浪漫主义诗歌Romanisme不同的地方在于浪漫主义会用很多修辞和比喻来抒发感情，而这种"objectivism"的诗歌推崇诗本身是object。传统诗人又举了好像是两个人名(Wordsworth and Shelley)。这一段不要被这些人名吓到，只要记住他们是两拨对立的人就可以了。
P2：说Charles Reznikoff这个人把他的一生都献给了这部Testmony。1930年发表了前两卷;xxx年发表了后两卷，这里有一个小细节说，他在后两卷里面revised his art。
P3：又绕回去说Charles Reznikoff一派和传统诗歌的不同。就是传统诗歌比较注重express emotions and personalexperience.而CharlesReznikoff认为应该客观地反映世界。
P4：(作者态度段)说了Charles Reznikoff的testmony对于后来者的贡献在于他首次采用了judicial speech作为了诗歌的resources。又说，CharlesReznikoff用impersonal languages也表达出了powerfulemotions.
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发表于 2013-1-11 10:46:43
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