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195. A proposed change to federal income tax laws would eliminate deductions from taxable income for donations a taxpayer has made to charitable and educational institutions. If this change were adopted, wealthy individuals would no longer be permitted such deductions. Therefore, many charitable and educational institutions would have to reduce services, and some would have to close their doors. Change to FITL à deduction to charitable and EI. Wealthy individual would no longer … A+Bà C: many charitable and EI would have to reduce …
L à reduce money à reduce service
IMP: wealthy individual; FITL,
The argument above assumes which of the following? (A) Without the incentives offered by federal income tax laws, at least some wealthy individuals would not donate as much money to charitable and educational institutions as they otherwise would have. Not weaken. W/O L à keep money à would not reduce service. Irrelevant without law instead of changes of law, (B) Money contributed by individuals who make their donations because of provisions in the federal tax laws provides the only source of funding for many charitable and educational institutions. Only source. Support. (C) The primary reason for not adopting the proposed change in the federal income tax laws cited above is to protect wealthy individuals from having to pay higher taxes. Irrelevant the primary reason… (D) Wealthy individuals who donate money to charitable and educational institutions are the only individuals who donate money to such institutions. Only individuals. Not only à keep money à would not reduce service; not weaken
A (E) Income tax laws should be changed to make donations to charitable and educational institutions the only permissible deductions from taxable income. Irrelevant law change,
按照LAWYER的分析，A和D都对.NOT WEAKEN。。请教..
173. Researchers have found that when very overweight people, who tend to have relatively low metabolic rates, lose weight primarily through dieting, their metabolisms generally remain unchanged. They will thus burn significantly fewer calories at the new weight than do people whose weight is normally at that level. Such newly thin persons will, therefore, ultimately regain weight until their body size again matches their metabolic rate.
P: overweight people, M unchanged àburn fewer C at the new weight than other people C: new thin person would regain weight
IMP: burn fewer C; M unchanged; regain weight
The conclusion of the argument above depends on which of the following assumptions? (A) Relatively few very overweight people who have dieted down to a new weight tend to continue to consume substantially fewer calories than do people whose normal weight is at that level. If do so, thin person would not regain weight. Few people could keep, Correct. (B) The metabolisms of people who are usually not overweight are much more able to vary than the metabolisms of people who have been very overweight. Irrelevant M of people are not overweight (C) The amount of calories that a person usually burns in a day is determined more by the amount that is consumed that day than by the current weight of the individual. Irrelevant amount of C (D) Researchers have not yet determined whether the metabolic rates of formerly very overweight individuals can be accelerated by means of chemical agents. Irrelevant another open possibility
(E) Because of the constancy of their metabolic rates, people who are at their usual weight normally have as much difficulty gaining weight as they do losing it. Irrelevant the constancy of their M R 这道题完全不懂...A为什么是对的...
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