og上两题让我很晕的，在此请教！！！

bhchka · 发表于 2012-3-26 21:20:11

63. When hypnotized subjects are told that they are deaf and are then asked whether they can hear the hypnotist, they reply, !No.!– Some theorists try to explain this result by arguing that the selves of hypnotized subjects ar
dissociated into separate parts, and that the part that is deaf is dissociated from the part that replies.
Which of the following challenges indicates the most serious weakness in the attempted explanation
described above?
(A) Why does the part that replies not answer, !Yes!
(B) Why are the observed facts in need of any special explanation?
(C) Why do the subjects appear to accept the hypnotist!fls suggestion that they are deaf
(D) Why do hypnotized subjects all respond the same way in the situation described?
(E) Why are the separate parts of the self the same for all subjects?
答案选A，但是我表示这一题应该是完全的不理解题意。
67. Several industries have recently switched at least partly from older technologies powered by fossil fuels to new
technologies powered by electricity. It is thus evident that less fossil fuel is being used as a result of the
operations of these industries than would have been used if these industries had retained their older
technologies.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument above?
(A) Many of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies have increased their
output.
(B) Less fossil fuel was used to manufacture the machinery employed in the new technologies than was
originally used to manufacture the machinery employed in the older technologies.
(C) More electricity is used by those industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies than
by those industries that have not switched.
(D) Some of the industries that have switched at least partly to the new technologies still use primarily
technologies that are powered by fossil fuels.
(E) The amount of fossil fuel used to generate the electricity needed to power the new technologies is less
than the amount that would have been used to power the older technologies.

答案选E。

爱眠梦的咸鱼 · 发表于 2012-3-26 23:26:33

我先试着说下我的理解
63题 conclusion是this result by arguing that the selves of hypnotized subjects are dissociated into separate parts, and that the part that is deaf is dissociated from the part that replies.就是说deaf的部分和reply的部分是无联系的
问weaken结论，那么可以直接取反，就说他们是有联系的。
正常来说，如果是没有联系的，那么问能不能听见，如果能听见就会回答YES，不能的话应该是不回答才对，因为根本就听不到问题嘛。
但是回答了NO，说明和之前被告诉they are deaf有联系，才会这么回答。
不知道LZ能不能看懂，同菜鸟

reebe · 发表于 2012-3-26 23:32:54

63题
题目的逻辑链是：被催眠的人reply part 和 deaf part是分开没有关系的→告诉被催眠的人“你聋了”问听得见吗，他们回答听不见。削弱这个解释。
我个人理解吧，因为回答和是否聋了是没有关系的，所以不管告诉他们什么，他们不能判断自己是不是聋了，只能回答听得见或听不见，既然听见问题了，应该回答“yes"才对，与问什么问题是无关的。所以A正确。难免有主观色彩的地方，欢迎NN拍砖~

reebe · 发表于 2012-3-26 23:56:23

67题
题目的逻辑链是：一些工厂用靠电能供能的新技术来代替靠化石燃料供能的旧技术→改革后的工厂比原工厂消耗更少的化石燃料，问加强这个推论。
A选项：与化石燃料无关，错误。
B选项：生产新技术机器比生产旧技术机器消耗的化石燃料少。这是个迷惑选项，题目问的是使用新技术机器的工厂与使用旧技术机器的工厂的消耗化石燃料的比较，而不是生产这两个技术的机器所消耗化石燃料的比较。
C选项：电能使用多少与化石燃料的消耗没有关系，错误。
D选项：改革了的工厂还有没有用旧技术机器与化石燃料消耗依旧无关，错误。
E选项：用来发电的化石燃料比用来支持旧技术机器运转的化石燃料消耗少，说明改革后的那部分机器仍需消耗的化石燃料比未改革时少，支持了结论。

bhchka · 发表于 2012-3-27 01:54:13

谢谢各位，第二题看得很明白，可是第一题真心还是有点晕

LunaV · 发表于 2012-3-27 16:56:21

有点类似于一些paradox的问题，或者说是诡辩。楼主如果觉得有些混乱的话，不妨找两本关于形式逻辑的书或者和悖论有关的书、文章看一看，关联着多想一想就能想通了。P.S像这样的问题一定不要想得太复杂，容易把自己绕进去~

echosangsang · 发表于 2012-4-18 12:41:13

谢谢各位，第二题看得很明白，可是第一题真心还是有点晕

-- by 会员 bhchka (2012/3/27 1:54:13)

这道题的Conclusion:when hypnotized subjects are told that they are deaf and are then asked whether they can hear the hypnotist, they reply, NO!
Premise: the selves of hypnotized subjects are dissociated into separate parts, and that the part that is deaf is dissociated from the part that replies.
既然premise中说被催眠的人are dissociated into separate parts（ deaf part和hearing part），所以当催眠的人使用deaf part时任何问题都是听不见的，也就是什么都不回答。但是使用hearing part时，问他是否听见时他应该会答YES，因为他使用了hearing part，是能听见的。所以这就是 premise 和conclusion的weakeness，选择答案时就要利用这个weakeness！
A项就是在说weakenness，故选A
B项没有在weaken conclusion，反而再说为什么对观察的现象需要解释。错误！
C项和D项都可以由conclusion来解释！
E也不能weaken！

个人觉得CR最应该先找到Premise 和conclusion，再根据题型特点来做！

og上两题让我很晕的，在此请教！！！

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