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Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, capitalized on her keen observation and love of the natural world.
(A) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives,
(B) In her book illustrations, carefully coordinating them with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(C) In her book illustrations, which she carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter
(D) Carefully coordinated with her narratives, Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations（C）
(E) Beatrix Potter, in her book illustrations, carefully coordinated them with her narratives and
答案C，无问题。
E的解释：Them cannot refer to book illustrations because the plural noun is the object of the preposition in.
coordinating them with her nattatives是用来正确地修饰BP的，BP与coordinating之间是主动关系；
而coordinated with her nattatives(注意没有them)应该用来正确地修饰her book illustrations，illustrations和coordinated是被动关系；
A中coordinating them with her nattatives应该是修饰BP的，但却放到了in her book illustrations的后面，会错误的修饰illustrations，
B中的错误与A一样，
D中coordinated with her nattatives应该是修饰illustrations，但却放到了句首来错误的修饰了BP，
E将原本的修饰语变成了句子的谓语，用and将coordinated with her nattatives和capitalized on her...放到同一位置，改变句子的重心
ABD主要是修饰语的位置放置错误
一个发现：v-ing 或v-ed一般不能用来修饰介宾短语中的名词，最好的方法是用定语从句（包括which，whose，who等）。否则，很容易出现如选项E这样的错误，即：介宾中的名词既要做介宾的宾语，又要做修饰语中ving或ved的宾语，会很awkward。比如选项E 中 book illustrations既是介宾in her book illustrations的宾语，又是coordinated them with her nattatives中coordinated的宾语，而选项C用定语从句which则很好的规避了这个问题。
同样的例子还有OG12的第一题，
OG12-1. The Glass House Mountains in Queensland, Australia,
were sighted in 1770 by the English navigator Captain
James Cook, by whom they were named supposedly
because its sheer wet rocks glistened like glass.
(A) by whom they were named supposedly
because its
(B) by whom they were named supposedly and their
(C) naming them supposedly since their （这里James Cook是介宾by James Cook的宾语，不能用来做naming的主语，这样很awkward，当然这个只是选项C错的一个方面）
(D) who so named them supposedly because their （答案D）
(E) who so named it since supposedly their
C选项的解释：As the object of a preposition and not the subject of the clause, James Cook does not work as the noun that the verbal phrase beginning with naming can describe; the preposition since loses the important causal logic of the sentence. 涉及到Because 和since这一块
as, because, since, for, and in that
All four of these words can be used to refer to the reason for something. They are not used in the same way.
1. as and since:
As and since are used when the reason is already known to the listener/reader, or when it is not the most important part of the sentence. As - and since - clauses often come at the beginning of sentences.
As it's raining again, we'll have to stay at home.
Since he had not paid his bill, his electricity was cut off.
As - and since - clauses are relatively formal; in an informal style, the same ideas are often expressed with so.
It's raining again, so we'll have to stay at home.
2. because:
Because puts more emphasis on the reason, and most often introduces new information which is not known to the listener/reader.
Because I was ill for six months, I lost my job.
When the reason is the most important part of the sentence, the because - clause usually comes at the end. It can also stand alone. Since and as cannot be used like this.
Why am I leaving? I'm leaving because I'm fed up ! (NOT..... I'm leaving as/since I'm fed up!)
"Why are you laughing? " "Because you look so funny".
A because - clause can be used at the end of a sentence to say how one knows something can be used at the end of a sentence to say how one knows something.
You didn't tell me the truth, because I found the money in your room. ( = .... I know because I found....)
3. for
For introduces new information, but suggests that the reason is given as an afterthought. A for - clause could almost be in brackets. For - clauses never come at the beginning of sentences, and cannot stand alone never come at the beginning of sentences, For, used in this sense, is most common in a formal written style.
I decided to stop and have lunch - for I was feeling hungry.
4. in that
used after a statement to begin to explain in what way it is true
I've been lucky in that I have never had to worry about money.
在解释差异或说明有何特别之处时，in that比because更贴切。而且，主要是用在这个时候。
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发表于 2011-11-23 19:28:36
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