不懂！OG 18-109黑人工会

ring_cheng · 发表于 2005-3-23 10:36:00

When A. Philip Randolph assumed the leadership of the

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, he began a ten-year

battle to win recognition from the Pullman Company, the

largest private employer of Black people in the United

(5) States and the company that controlled the railroad

industry’s sleeping car and parlor service. In 1935 the

Brotherhood became the first Black union recognized by a

major corporation. Randolph’s efforts in the battle helped

transform the attitude of Black workers toward unions and

(10) toward themselves as an identifiable group; eventually,

Randolph helped to weaken organized labor’s antagonism

toward Black workers.

In the Pullman contest Randolph faced formidable

obstacles. The first was Black workers’ understandable

( 15) skepticism toward unions, which had historically barred

Black workers from membership. An additional obstacle

was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which

weakened support among Black workers for an

independent entity.

(20) The Brotherhood possessed a number of advantages,

however, including Randolph’s own tactical abilities. In

1928 he took the bold step of threatening a strike against

Pullman. Such a threat, on a national scale, under Black

leadership, helped replace the stereotype of the Black

(25)worker as servant with the image of the Black worker as

wage earner. In addition, the porters’ very isolation aided

the Brotherhood. Porters were scattered throughout the

country, sleeping in dormitories in Black communities;

their segregated life protected the union’s internal

(30) communications from interception. That the porters were a

homogeneous group working for a single employer with

single labor policy, thus sharing the same grievances from

city to city, also strengthened the Brotherhood and encour-

aged racial identity and solidarity as well. But it was only

(35) in the early 1930’s that federal legislation prohibiting a

company from maintaining its own unions with company

money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become

recognized as the porters’ representative.

Not content with this triumph, Randolph brought the

(40)Brotherhood into the American Federation of Labor, where

it became the equal of the Federation’s 105 other unions.

He reasoned that as a member union, the Brotherhood

would be in a better position to exert pressure on member

unions that practiced race restrictions. Such restrictions

were eventually found unconstitutional in 1944.

109. The passage suggests which of the following about the response of porters to the Pullman Company’s own union?

(A) Few porters ever joined this union.

(B) Some porters supported this union before 1935.

(C) Porters, more than other Pullman employees, enthusiastically supported this union.

(D) The porters’ response was most positive after 1935.

(E) The porters’ response was unaffected by the general skepticism of Black workers concerning unions.

答案是B。但对OG的D的解释不明白："Choice D is incorrect: in fact the passage suggests that the porters' attitude was less positive after R's union achieved recognition in 1935."

文章中L34-38不是明确表示：But it was only in the early 1930’s that federal legislation prohibiting acompany from maintaining its own unions with company money eventually allowed the Brotherhood to become recognized as the porters’ representative.

三十年代初法令后就已经被工人所认可，为什么在1935年工人对工会的态度还是less positive???

请帮忙指点一下，谢谢！

而今迈步从头越 · 发表于 2005-3-23 20:31:00

MM请注意提干讲的是the response of porters to the Pullman Company’s own union, not the response to Brotherhood Union.所以D和文章内容相反！

个人建议：选项中看到only, most等词要注意一下，一般都不是正确选项（不是绝对）！文章没有讲过关于response most positive的时候，even 是less也不能得出most，只能得出more。这也是为啥only/most等往往不是答案的原因，因为需要原文有严密的推导证明这一点或者明确说明这个咚咚是most/only等等，这也是为啥文章only，most等词要注意的原因之一。

ring_cheng · 发表于 2005-3-23 21:56:00

谢谢！而今迈步从头越 MM说的不错。从An additional obstacle was the union that Pullman itself had formed, which weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity.

说明porters 对the Pullman Company’s own union support是被削弱的。但是OG的说明也表示：porter 对Randolph's union 的态度不positive："in fact the passage suggests that the porters' attitude was less positive after Randolph's union achieved recognition in 1935."

困惑于OG这个解释。还请帮忙！！

joeysue · 发表于 2005-4-2 00:45:00

in fact the passage suggests that the porters' attitude was less positive after Randolph's union achieved recognition in 1935."

它是说the porters' attitude to the Pullman Company’s own union was less postitive after Randolph's union

mm 可能看错了。

ring_cheng · 发表于 2005-4-2 15:00:00

谢谢joeysue, 看来我是忘了把题目和解释结合起来了，明了！多谢！

思谦 · 发表于 2005-8-5 12:05:00

109.

The best answer is B. Lines 16-19 of the passage state that the existence of a Pullman-owned

union “weakened support among Black workers for an independent entity” such as Randolp’s

Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Thus, the passage suggests that some porters did support the

Pullman Company union. Lines 16-19 directly contradict A, which implies virtually no support of

the Pullman company union. Choice C is incorrect because the passage does not suggest anything

about Pullman employees other than porters. Choice D is incorrect: in fact, the passage suggests

that the porters’ attitude was less positive after Randolph’s union achieved recognition in 1935.

Choice E is incorrect because the passage nowhere suggests that the general skepticism of Black

workers had no effect on their response to the Pullman Company’s union.

以上是og对109的解释，og提到的L16-19中没有porter呀，第三段中才出现porter的，如何解释呀？

像这种题该如何做呀？请提供点思路，谢谢！

思谦 · 发表于 2005-8-7 20:08:00

两天了，来个人帮帮忙呀。

阅读真的作的很郁闷，没什么提高呀，急死了。

思谦 · 发表于 2005-8-8 22:28:00

无奈呀

思谦 · 发表于 2005-8-10 17:59:00