LZ后天一战，昨晚突然对CR有些茅塞顿开的感觉，大家可以参考一下~

wupenghui2000 · 发表于 2011-8-22 14:10:46

以前做题老错，是因为觉得很多选项都是对的，模凌两可，哪个都差不多。昨晚突然想到，原来这种糊涂都是因为范围惹的祸，现简单总结如下，大家可以参考一下吧。不一定完全正确吧~

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1）要明确描述段的范围。也就是说，任何对象的逻辑集合是个整体，而所描述段只是这大整体的一个子集。任何不在椭圆里面的推理都是错的。
2）答案一定是在A到B的推理闭环里面，也就是说，答案述及的元素一定是A（前提）或B（结论）中的属性。否则必错，也即相对有关和无关的概念。

实战中，如果能从段落中预测到答案，那肯定最好。否则在逐一看选项时，要明确选项述及的元素是不是推理闭幕里面的属性，如果不是，无关，干掉！

下面举两个例子：
1）Many people suffer an allergic reaction to certain sulfites, including those that are commonly added to wine as preservatives. However, since there are several winemakers who add sulfites to none of the wines they produce, people who would like to drink wine but are allergic to sulfites can drink wines produced by these winemakers without risking an allergic reaction to sulfites.
Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?
(A) These winemakers have been able to duplicate the preservative effect produced by adding sulfites by means that do not involve adding any potentially allergenic substances to their wine.
(B) Not all forms of sulfite are equally likely to produce the allergic reaction.
(C) Wine is the only beverage to which sulfites are commonly added.
(D) Apart from sulfites, there are no substances commonly present in wine that give rise to an allergic reaction.
(E) Sulfites are not naturally present in the wines produced by these winemakers in amounts large enough to produce an allergic reaction in someone who drinks these wines
此题问的是结论成立的假设条件。那么结论中包括哪几个推理元素呢？sulfites和allergic，即推理链是sulfites导致allergic（前理），制造商则减少人工添加sulfites（结论），仅此而已。那个答案必须是与此相关的。
ABCD均超出结论范围，只有E在推理闭环里面。
2）The fact that several of the largest senior citizens’ organizations are constituted almost exclusively of middle-class elderly people has led critics to question the seriousness of those organizations’ commitment to speaking out on behalf of the needs of economically disadvantaged elderly people.
Which of the following generalizations, if true, would help to substantiate the criticism implicit in the statement above?
(A) The ideology of an organization tends reflect the traditional political climate of its locale.
(B) The needs of disadvantaged elderly people differ in some ways from those of other disadvantaged groups within contemporary society.
(C) Organized groups are better able to publicize their problems and seek redress than individuals acting alone.
(D) Middle-class elderly people are more likely to join organizations than are economically disadvantaged elderly people.
(E) People usually join organizations whose purpose is to further the economic, political, or social interests of their members.
同理，选E。只有它涉及相关元素。

LZ后天一战，昨晚突然对CR有些茅塞顿开的感觉，大家可以参考一下~

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