复习偶得，一道典型的充分必要，供大家品味

If an act of civil disobedience—willfully breaking a specific law in order to bring about legal reform—is done out of self-interest alone and not out of a concern for others, I t cannot be justified. But one is justified in performing an act of civil disobedience if one’s conscience requires one to do so.

Which one of the following judgments most closely conforms to the principles stated above?

(A) Keisha’s protest against what she perceived to be a brutal and repressive dictatorship in another country was an act of justified civil disobedience, because in organizing an illegal but peaceful demonstration calling for a return to democratic leadership in that country, she acted purely out of concern for the people of that country.

(B) Janice’s protest against a law that forbade labor strikes was motivated solely by a desire to help local mine workers obtain fair wages. But her conscience did not require her to protest this law, so Janice didn’t perform an act of justified civil disobedience.

(C) In organizing an illegal protest against the practice in her country of having prison inmates work eighteen hours per day, Georgette performed an act of justified civil disobedience: though she acted out of concern for her fellow inmates rather than out of concern for herself.

(D) Maria’s deliberate violation of a law requiring prepublication government approval of all printed materials was an act of justified civil disobedience: though her interest as an owner of a publishing company would be served by repeal of the law, she violated the law because her conscience required doing so on behalf of all publishers.

(E) In organizing a parade of motorcyclists riding without helmets through the capital city, Louise’s act was not one of justified civil disobedience: she was willfully challenging a specific law requiring motorcyclists to wear helmets, but her conscience did not require her to organize the parade.

写一下我的想法：

原题：如果出于自己的目的而没有考虑到他人--〉not justifiable; 出于自己的良知而去做了-->justifiable.

这样就有两个充分必要的推理。A1->!B ; A2->B

看选项哪一个符合：

A.out of other concern ->B; 相当于!A1->!B， 8对

B.良知没有require->!B; 相当于!A2->!B, 8对

C. 和A类似， 8 对

D.出于良知-->B 符合 A2->B， 所以正确

E. 没有出于良知--〉!B, 相当于 !A2->!B， 8对

呵呵，打字真累。不过是出于良知。。。违背了我的懒人law，所以是justifiable的

1) 问题的难度在两个方面：1，out of self-interest alone and not out of a concern for others

我刚开始理解成 不考虑自身利益和考虑到他人

2）对问题的题型，这是一个什么类的题，有点类似于PARRELLEL，对吗？

顶