LSAT-1-4-22请斑竹一定帮忙解答啊！！！！！！！

Cathelin · 发表于 2004-5-1 12:29:00

L1-4-22
L1-4-22
It is illogical to infer a second and different effect from a cause which is known only by one particular effect. This is incorrect because the inferred effect must necessarily be produced by some different characteristic of the cause than is the observed effect, which already serves entirely to describe the cause.
Which one of the following arguments makes the same logical error as the one described by the author in the passage?
(A) An anonymous donor gave a thousand dollars to our historical society. I would guess that that individual also volunteers at the children's hospital.
(B) The radioactive material caused a genetic mutation, which, in turn, caused the birth defect. Therefore, the radioactive material caused the birth defect.
(C) The tiny, unseen atom is the source of immense power. It must be its highly complex structure that produces this power.
(D) The city orchestra received more funds from the local government this year than ever before. Clearly this administration is more civic-minded than previous ones.
(E) If I heat water, which is a liquid, it evaporates. If I heat hundreds of other liquids like water, they evaporate. Therefore, if I heat any liquid like water, it will evaporate.
我认为这道题目的逻辑错误就在于以偏概全。除了正确答案A外，我认为选项D、E都存在以偏概全的毛病啊，请斑竹详细解释D、E的错误所在。谢谢！

cranberry · 发表于 2004-5-1 13:41:00

这个还是请mindfree来解释吧

mindfree · 发表于 2004-5-1 14:08:00

In A, both donating money and volunteering at the hospital are effects of a common cause. The argument infers volunteering from the cause of donating money. TO make it more understandable, the logic error can be explain with a plain example:

A helped B with his homework (effect). So A must be nice (cause). So he also clean the classroom after school (effect).

The problem of D is that civic-minded and giving fund to orchestra are not two distinct effect of a common cause. Giving fund ==> civil-minded. E is not the same logic.

LSAT-1-4-22请斑竹一定帮忙解答啊！！！！！！！

LSAT-1-4-22请斑竹一定帮忙解答啊！！！！！！！

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