求问一道逻辑！

雅西吉 · 发表于 2011-11-25 15:14:37

21.Historian: We can learn about the medical history of individuals throughchemical analysis of their hair. It is likely, for example, that Isaac Newton’spsychological problems were due to mercury poisoning; traces of mercury werefound in his hair. Analysis is now being done on a lock of Beethoven’s hair.Although no convincing argument has shown that Beethoven ever had a venerealdisease, some people hypothesize that venereal disease caused his deafness.Since mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venerealdisease, if researchers find a trace of mercury in his hair, we can concludethat this hypothesis is correct.

Which one of the following is an assumptionon which the historian’s argument depends?

(A) None of the mercury introduced into thebody can be eliminated.

(B) Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.

(C) Mercury is an effective treatment forvenereal disease.

(D) Mercury poisoning can causedeafness in people with venereal disease.

(E) Beethoven suffered from psychologicalproblems of the same severity as Newton
’s.为什么是B啊？

qiuhua01234567 · 发表于 2011-11-25 15:47:15

backgorund:hiastoriana can learn about the medical history of individuals throughchemical analysis of their hair.
premise:mercury was commonly ingested in Beethoven’s time to treat venerealdisease, if researchers find a trace of mercury in his hair
conclusion:conclude that venereal disease caused B deafness
assumption
when do this type of question.find the gap.use "not" to test

(A) None of the mercury introduced into thebody can be eliminated.
----------------------------------------------------------------a little support.

(B) Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.
----------------------------------------------------------------correct

(C) Mercury is an effective treatment forvenereal disease.
------------------------------------------------------------------irrelevent

(D) Mercury poisoning can causedeafness in people with venereal disease.
------------------------------------------------------------------irrelevent
(E) Beethoven suffered from psychologicalproblems of the same severity as Newton
’s.
----------------------------------------------------------------irrelevent
use"not" to test
if all people in the B time ingest mercury.what happened?in that time ,some people have venereal disease,some people don't have.but all people ingest mercury,then venereal disease have nothing to do with ingesting mercury.so weak the conclusion.
assumption test:use the "not" to test the answear.if weake the argument,then correct

balapupu · 发表于 2011-11-25 21:27:48

又有一个~~看来不是巧合。。。。

kidvii · 发表于 2011-11-25 22:47:48

嗯，取非之后是。

every person ingests mercury.

那么，即使发现了Newton hair里的mercury，那么，也不能说明说明。

因为，every person 都这么做。

fox0923 · 发表于 2011-11-25 23:27:27

(B) Some people in Beethoven’s time did not ingest mercury.
有些人在B时代没有被摄入mercury，这一点我觉得是肯定的，如果说有别人也被摄入了mercury，那么就没有唯一性了，代表不了B的摄入可以决定他的V Disease被treat or not。

(D) Mercury poisoning can causedeafness in people with venereal disease. M这个毒可以导致deafness in people with V disease合原文对不上，M只能够treat V disease, 然后可能是太多的M会导致得deafness, 但是不因该是with V. disease,这一点原文没有说过。

求问一道逻辑！

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