【xdjm，请教】： Lsat-9-4-24/Lsat-9-4-17/Lsat-9-4-8

brvyw · 发表于 2003-6-14 18:49:00

24. Most disposable plastic containers are now labeled with a code number (from 1 to 9) indicating the type or quality of the plastic. Plastics with the lowest code numbers are the easiest for recycling plants to recycle and are thus the most likely to be recycles after use rather than dumped in landfills. Plastics labeled with the highest numbers are only rarely recycled.
Consumers can make a significant long-term reduction in the amount of waste that goes unrecycled, therefore, by refusing to purchase those products packaged in plastic containers labeled with the highest code numbers.
Which one of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the conclusion above?
(A) The cost of collecting, sorting, and recycling discarded plastics is currently higher than the cost of manufacturing new plastics from virgin materials.
(B) Many consumers are unaware of the codes that are stamped on the plastic containers.
(C) A plastic container almost always has a higher code number after it is recycled than it had before recycling because the recycling process causes a degradation of the quality of the plastic.
(D) Products packaged in plastics with the lowest code numbers are often more expensive than those packaged in the higher-numbered plastics.
(E) Communities that collect all discarded plastic containers for potential recycling later dump in landfills plastics with higher-numbered codes only when it is clear that no recycler will take them.
答案是C：可以理解。
B：为什么不对？如果人们无法意识到号码的作用，也就不会去选择。

17. Certain items—those with that hard-to-define quality called exclusivity—have the odd property, when they become available for sale, of selling rapidly even though they are extremely expensive. In fact, trying to sell such an item fast by asking too low a price is a serious error, since it calls into question the very thing---exclusivity---that is supposed to be the item’s chief appeal. Therefore, given that a price that will prove to be right is virtually impossible for the seller to gauge in advance, the seller should make sure that any error in the initial asking price is in the direction of setting the price too high.
The argument recommends a certain pricing strategy on the grounds that
(A) this strategy lacks a counterproductive feature of the rejected alternative
(B) this strategy has all of advantages of the rejected alternative, but fewer of its disadvantages
(C) experience has proven this strategy to be superior, even though the reasons for this superiority elude analysis
(D) this strategy does not rely on prospective buyers estimates of value
(E) the error associated with this strategy, unlike the error associated with the rejected alternative, is likely to go unnoticed
依次选择了C、D，但答案是A。
提问的这种问法是问假设，还是问一个削弱？
提问的翻译为：文章在。。。的基础上推荐了一种价格策略。可以这样理解嘛？

8. The director of a secondary school where many students were having severe academic problems impaneled a committee to study the matter. The committee reported that these students were having academic problems because they spent large amounts of time on school sports and too little time studying. The director then prohibited all students who were having academic problems from taking part in sports in which they were active. He stated that this would ensure that such students would do well academically.
The reasoning on which the director bases his statement is not sound because he fails to establish that
(A) some students who spend time on sports do not have academic problems
(B) all students who do well academically do so because of time saved by not participating in sports
(C) at least some of the time the students will save by not participating in sports will be spent on solving their academic problems
(D) no students who do well academically spend time on sports
(E) the quality of the school’s sports program would not suffer as a result of the ban

B为什么不对？

mindfree · 发表于 2003-6-15 02:09:00

1. The conclusion is that consumers can make the contribution by doing that. It is equal to "If consumer ..., they can contribute..." Based on the reasoning in the passage, the conclusion is correct. Give you another example: Rats carried germs that cause sickness in human being. So if all the rats are eliminated from the earth, human being will suffer much less than now. There is nothing wrong in the reasoning and you cannot counter the argument by saying "it is impossible to kills all the rats on earth"

2. Discussed before and I explained before. In short, in order to sell something fast, if you start by selling high, at least you create excusivity; If you start by selling low, customers will question the chief appeal and would not buy.

3. This is typical ETS CR. B is not the concern in the argument and therefore irrelevant. The conclusion is that these people need to spend more time on study to do well, but they spend most time on sports instead of study. The problem with the order is that it does not necessarily guarantee enough time for study at all. So C is not.

B includes all students, which is beyond the scope here. If some students who do well do not save time by not doing sports, it does not create any conflict with the argument, because the concern here is only this specific group of students who lose study time by doing sports.

Put B into the argument and think again..

[此贴子已经被作者于2003-6-16 0:02:22编辑过]

brvyw · 发表于 2003-6-15 17:12:00

Thanks, mindfree!

brvyw · 发表于 2003-6-15 17:17:00

mindfree,还有一点不是特别明白，再请问一下。

在削弱的时候，指明前提不成立也算是一种削弱吧。
在上面的第一题中，如果没有C这个选项的话，也是可以选择B的，是吗？
削弱A－>B时，说明推理不成立；A不成立；或者C->B都是算削弱，是这样嘛？

mindfree · 发表于 2003-6-16 00:10:00

Actually, there is a fine line between the typical reasoning of ETS and the reasoning in the first problem. I do not think that this problem is typical in ETS CR.

If you change "can" to "will", you can see the difference. "Will" means that something will happen, while "can" means something is possible. "Will" does not put as much emphasis on the condition as "can" does. So if the "can" sentence, you need to put more attention to "if" -- the condition.

Anyway, I do not think this problem is typical. I would recommend that you read the problem carefully. My guess is that 80% of the time you will find choice B the answer for similar problems.

brvyw · 发表于 2003-6-17 00:27:00

Ok, I'll try to exercise more in that type of problem.!

lyricling · 发表于 2003-6-17 12:59:00

Mindfree,thanks a lot for your illumination !
Great!

wubin · 发表于 2003-6-17 18:56:00

(A) this strategy lacks a counterproductive feature of the rejected alternative
what dose it mean?

albert · 发表于 2003-6-17 21:33:00

以下是引用wubin在2003-6-17 18:56:00的发言：
(A) this strategy lacks a counterproductive feature of the rejected alternative
what dose it mean?

hehe.. I have asked this question before...
counterproductive feature= calling into question of the exclusivity of a product
rejected alternative= asking high price initially

brvyw · 发表于 2003-6-17 21:44:00

Hi, albert, I agree that
"counterproductive feature= calling into question of the exclusivity of a product"
but I think the rejected alternative is " asking low price initially", not "asking high price initially". The original meanings of the argument, i think, recommends one should ask a high price when not right price is available, even though the price is too high.

【xdjm，请教】： Lsat-9-4-24/Lsat-9-4-17/Lsat-9-4-8

【xdjm，请教】： Lsat-9-4-24/Lsat-9-4-17/Lsat-9-4-8

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