关于加强和假设

77. How do the airlines expect to prevent commercial plane
crashes? Studies have shown that pilot error contributes to two-thirds of all
such crashes. To address this problem, the airline have upgraded their training
programs by increasing the hours of classroom instruction and emphasizing
communication skills in the cockpit. But it is unrealistic to expect such
measures to compensate for pilots’ lack of actual flying time. Therefore, the
airlines should rethink their training approach to reducing commercial crashes.

Which one of the following is an assumption upon which the
argument depends?

A.       
Training
programs can eliminate pilot errors.

B.       
Commercial
pilot routinely undergo additional training throughout their careers.

C.       
The number
of airline crashes will decrease if pilot training programs focus on increasing
actual flying time.

D.      
Lack of
actual flying time is an important contributor to pilot error in commercial
plane crashes.

E.       
Communication
skills are not important to pilot training programs.

参考答案：D

思路：xxx的program 不能补充pilots’ lack
of actual flying time.结论：thererfore, rethink approach to
prevent commercial plane crash. 中间有思维跳跃，actual flying
time 与plane crash 什么关系？

A.       
削弱，program can eliminate…, so
do not need rethink approach

B.        
无关。题中是prevent planes crashes的training.

C.        
加强。

D.       
将actual flying time 与(pilot
error in) plane crashes 联系起来。对assumption取非：actual
flying time is not an important contributor to pilot error in commercial plane
crashes. 削弱结论。符合ETS假设定义。

E.        
加强。